Types of coffee trees where do the most important coffee beans in the world come from?

The first flowering period of the coffee tree is about three years old. the five-petal tube-shaped white flowers are filled with a faint scent of jasmine and the inflorescences are arranged in dense clusters.

Flowers wither after two or three days of blooming and begin to bear fruit after a few months. The fruit is a drupe with a diameter of about 1.5cm. It turns green at first, then turns yellow gradually, and turns red when ripe. It is very similar to cherries, so it is called cherry coffee (Coffee Cherry). It can be harvested at this time. Coffee fruit contains two seeds, namely coffee beans. The two beans are connected face to face with each other on one side of the plane.

Each coffee bean has a thin outer film, which is called silver skin, and its outer layer is covered with a yellow outer skin, called endocarp.

The whole coffee bean is wrapped in a sticky pulp to form the coffee pulp, which is soft and sweet, with the outer shell.

Types of coffee trees

At present, the most important coffee beans in the world mainly come from Arabica, Robasta and Liberia. these three varieties of coffee beans are the three original species of coffee trees, and the quality of coffee beans produced by other coffee trees is also higher than that of other coffee trees.

The Arabica coffee tree, which originated in Ethiopia, accounts for 70% of the world's coffee production, and almost all the world-famous coffee varieties are Arabica species.

Arabica coffee trees are suitable for growing in high mountains with large temperature difference between day and night, as well as soils with low humidity and good drainage. The ideal altitude is 500m-2000 m. The higher the altitude, the better the quality, but because of the weaker ability to resist diseases and insect pests, it is more difficult to grow than the other two kinds of coffee trees.

The Robastian coffee tree, which originated in the Congo in Africa, accounts for about 20% of the world's production. 30%. Robasta coffee tree is suitable for planting in the lowlands below 500 meters above sea level, has strong adaptability to the environment, can resist bad climate, resist diseases and insect pests, and does not need much manual care during soil preparation, weeding and pruning, and can be allowed to grow in the wild. It is a kind of coffee tree that is easy to cultivate.

But its style is more bitter than Arabica, and its quality is much lower, so it is mostly used to make instant coffee. Because it is made in Africa, most Africans drink robastian coffee.

The Liberian coffee tree is produced in Liberia in Africa, and its cultivation history is shorter than that of the other two coffee trees, so the planting place is limited to a few places such as Liberia, Surinam, Gaiana and so on. as a result, the output accounts for less than 5% of the world's output. Liberian coffee trees are suitable for planting lowlands, and the coffee beans produced are very fragrant and bitter.