How much coffee does the coffee tree produce in a year?

Types of coffee trees

At present, the most important coffee beans in the world mainly come from Arabica, Robasta and Liberia. these three varieties of coffee beans are the three original species of coffee trees, and the quality of coffee beans produced by other coffee trees is also higher than that of other coffee trees.

The Arabica coffee tree, which originated in Ethiopia, accounts for 70% of the world's coffee production, and almost all the world-famous coffee varieties are Arabica species.

Arabica coffee trees are suitable for growing in high mountains with large temperature difference between day and night, as well as soils with low humidity and good drainage. The ideal altitude is 500m-2000 m. The higher the altitude, the better the quality, but because of the weaker ability to resist diseases and insect pests, it is more difficult to grow than the other two kinds of coffee trees.

The Robastian coffee tree, which originated in the Congo in Africa, accounts for about 20% of the world's production. 30%. Robasta coffee tree is suitable for planting in the lowlands below 500 meters above sea level, has strong adaptability to the environment, can resist bad climate, resist diseases and insect pests, and does not need much manual care during soil preparation, weeding and pruning, and can be allowed to grow in the wild. It is a kind of coffee tree that is easy to cultivate.

But its style is more bitter than Arabica, and its quality is much lower, so it is mostly used to make instant coffee. Because it is made in Africa, most Africans drink robastian coffee.

The Liberian coffee tree is produced in Liberia in Africa, and its cultivation history is shorter than that of the other two coffee trees, so the planting is limited to a few places such as Liberia, Surinam and Gaiana. As a result, the output accounts for less than 5% of the world's output. Liberian coffee trees are suitable for planting lowlands, and the coffee beans produced are very fragrant and bitter. Planting and Distribution of Coffee trees

The origin of the coffee tree is Ethiopia in Africa. In botany, coffee trees belong to the evergreen trees of the subgenus Rubiaceae, and coffee beans, commonly known as coffee beans, are actually the seeds of the fruit of coffee trees. They are called coffee beans only because they are shaped like beans.

Climate is the decisive factor for coffee cultivation. Coffee trees are only suitable for growing in the tropics or subtropics, so the zone between latitude 25 degrees south and north is generally called coffee belt or coffee area.

However, not all the land located in this area can produce good coffee trees.

Planting conditions of Coffee trees

The ideal planting conditions for coffee trees are: the temperature is between 15 degrees and 25 degrees, and the annual rainfall must reach 1500 mm to 2000 mm. At the same time, the rainfall time should be in line with the flowering cycle of coffee trees. Of course, in addition to the seasonal rainfall, there should also be fertile soil and good drainage.

Fertile soil containing volcanic ash, in addition, although sunlight is an indispensable element for the growth and fruit of coffee, too strong sunlight will inhibit the growth of coffee trees, so various producing areas usually cooperate with the planting of some shade trees. The ideal altitude is 500m-2000 m above sea level. It can be seen that the conditions for the cultivation of high-quality coffee are quite strict: sunlight, rainfall, soil, air temperature, as well as the way coffee beans are harvested and the production process will affect the quality of coffee itself.

White flowers, red fruits.

The first flowering period of the coffee tree is about three years old. the five-petal tube-shaped white flowers are filled with a faint scent of jasmine and the inflorescences are arranged in dense clusters.

Flowers wither after two or three days of blooming and begin to bear fruit after a few months. The fruit is a drupe with a diameter of about 1.5cm. It turns green at first, then turns yellow gradually, and turns red when ripe. It is very similar to cherries, so it is called cherry coffee (Coffee Cherry). It can be harvested at this time. Coffee fruit contains two seeds, namely coffee beans. The two beans are connected face to face on one side of their plane.