Yunnan small grain coffee price Yunnan boutique coffee bean quality why Yunnan coffee is so cheap?

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Yunnan coffee

Coffee is a kind of beverage crop with high economic value, which is called the three largest beverages in the world together with cocoa and tea, and its output and consumption ranks first among the three beverages. Coffee is native to tropical Africa. Coffee is rich in protein, fat, sucrose, starch, glucose, caffeine and other substances, rich aroma and delicious taste.

Since the 15th century, it has gradually spread to all parts of the world. At present, coffee is grown in more than 70 countries and regions in the world. Coffee is a perennial evergreen shrub or small tree of the genus Rubiaceae. There are many species, including small seed species, medium grain species, large grain species and Iselsa species, among which the small grain coffee species known as "fragrant coffee" have the highest yield, accounting for more than 80% of the total coffee output.

It is suitable to grow small-grain coffee in the tropics, subtropics and low-heat valleys in the south and southwest of Yunnan Province. Coffee has been grown in Yunnan for 80 or 90 years. The coffee produced in Yunnan is all small-grain coffee, with uniform and full grains, mellow taste and high aroma, and its export is very popular. In recent years, Lincang, Baoshan, Dehong, Xishuangbanna and other places and states adjust measures to local conditions, make use of and give full play to their natural advantages, gradually expand the planting area of coffee, and the output increases steadily, showing gratifying development prospects.

In 1892, when the French missionary successfully planted the first coffee tree in a place called Zhukula for his own coffee needs, he might not have thought that a hundred years later coffee would become a bright spot of characteristic agriculture on the Yunnan plateau. In the 1950s, Yunnan Province began to grow coffee on a large scale. The Development Plan of Yunnan Coffee Industry (2010-2020), issued in 2011, has established a new direction for the development of coffee industry.

Baoshan Pu'er Dehong coffee gold planting area has a large number of hot area resources with low latitude, high altitude and large temperature difference between day and night, which makes Yunnan a gold planting area for producing high-quality coffee such as Arabica coffee.

After more than 60 years of development, Baoshan small-grain coffee industry has become a scale and has become a characteristic industry with an annual output value of nearly 500 million yuan. The coffee industry in Baoshan has created a lot of splendor. Baoshan small grain coffee was known as "the crown of national coffee" at the National Coffee Conference in 1980; in 1992, at the first China Agricultural Expo, Baoshan small grain coffee was awarded the highest silver medal; in 1993, it won the Eureka Gold Award at the 42nd Brussels Eureka Fair in Belgium. Last year, the planting area of coffee in Pu'er City reached 650000 mu, making it the main coffee producing area with the largest area, the highest yield and the best quality in China and the main distribution center for coffee trade. At the same time of "quantity", Pu'er is also seeking a breakthrough in "quality". In recent years, the Pu'er municipal government, enterprises and farmers have strengthened the selection of coffee varieties and the intensive processing of coffee beans, introduced international coffee giants, learned from their planting and production technology, and "went out" to expand the market while improving the quality of raw materials. let Pu'er coffee brand grow. A series of measures such as the construction of coffee manors, coffee museums, coffee style streets and the holding of China Coffee Culture Festival have made the blueprint for the development of Pu'er coffee industry slowly unfold.

In Dehong Dai Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, mature price protection mechanism, support of science and technology and perfect management system are the source of coffee growers' confidence. It is understood that Dehong Hougu Coffee Co., Ltd. has fully played a leading role since 2004, implementing the "three unified and three guarantees" measures of protecting price, investment, quality and unified purchase, unified processing and unified sales.

Statistics show that the planting area of coffee in Yunnan has exceeded 1.3 million mu in 2012, with an output of 65000 tons, an increase of 90 per cent and 62 per cent respectively over the same period last year. The acreage has reached the 2015 target ahead of schedule. The average yield of coffee in Yunnan is as high as 225 kilograms per mu this year, but the domestic market price is only 16 to 17 yuan per kilogram. Although there is a general decline in global purchase prices, Yunnan coffee is not sold at a good price in the market, which makes people think deeply. The yield of Brazilian coffee is about 80 kilograms per mu and the selling price is 30 to 33 yuan / kg. Colombia is 52 kilograms and sells for 35 to 38 yuan per kilogram.

The price of coffee in Yunnan has shrunk, and many people think it is because we do not have the pricing power. "this is a misunderstanding." Li Gongqin, secretary general of the Yunnan Coffee Industry Association, said that although Yunnan accounts for more than 98% of the country's coffee acreage and output, it accounts for less than 1% of the world's output. Even if all the suitable land in Yunnan is planted with coffee, the proportion is not large, and the pricing power cannot be obtained from the output.

"although it is not realistic to have the right to set a price, we can fight for the right to speak." Li Gongqin believes that the key to having a voice is quality. He said, for example, that Jamaica's Blue Mountain coffee produced only 2400 tons in 2012, but raw beans sold for as much as 400 to 500 yuan a kilogram in the domestic market, precisely because of its high quality.

Professor Cheng Da of the Biological Industry Office of the Yunnan Provincial Government believes that the goal of building a high-quality coffee industry in Yunnan is correct, but in practice, it does not carry out scientific industrial planning in accordance with market demand and trends, and lacks the overall design of the industry; the neglect of management and the lack of technical support in post-natal processing have resulted in a large loss of the value of superior resources.

The standard tree leader focuses on the "Yunnan Coffee" brand coffee from planting to becoming a commodity, which goes through many links such as picking, peeling, and fermentation, and any link determines the quality of the coffee. In addition, there is a saying in the industry, "because the Yunnan coffee industry lacks quality standards that can be implemented uniformly, buyers can reduce the purchase price from more than 20 yuan to more than 10 yuan by walking around the Yunnan producing area." Li Gongqin believes that the government should formulate norms for the cultivation and processing of coffee as soon as possible, and at the same time formulate unified quality standards for Yunnan coffee, which should be effectively implemented to enhance market competitiveness.