Coffee basics Arabica Coffee Tree

One of the most important coffee trees in the world.

Arabica species (scientific name Coffee Arabica). The origin of Arabica species is Ethiopia's Abyssinia Plateau (present-day Ethiopian Plateau). In the early days, it was mainly used as medicine, and in the 13th century it developed the habit of baking and drinking. It was introduced into Europe through the Arab world in the 16th century and further became a favorite drink all over the world.

Arabica coffee accounts for about 65% of the coffee beans in the world. Its excellent flavor and aroma make her the only coffee that can be drunk directly and alone among these native species. However, its resistance to dryness, frost, diseases and insect pests is low, especially the biggest natural enemy of coffee-leaf rust, so all producing countries are committed to improving varieties. For example, Sri Lanka, as we all know, used to be one of the most famous coffee producers in the past, but coffee farms were not spared by leaf rust at the end of the 19th century. Since then, Sri Lanka has turned to black tea, which is also the kingdom of black tea in India.

Arabica is a large shrub with oval, dark green leaves and oval fruit. There are generally two slightly flattened beans with small and round beans, long oval on the front, narrow and S-shaped cracks in the middle, and smooth arcs on the back of the beans. Caffeine content is about 1% Muay 1.7%.

Arabica coffee trees grow between 900m and 2000 m above sea level; they are cold-resistant, and the suitable growth temperature is 15ml / 24m; they need more humidity, and the annual rainfall is not less than 1500 ml. At the same time, they also require higher cultivation techniques and conditions.

Arabica coffee beans are mainly grown in South America (except Argentina and parts of Brazil), Central American countries, Africa (Kenya, Ethiopia, mainly East Africa), Asia (including parts of Yemen, India and Papua New Guinea), and a small amount of Arabica coffee beans are also grown in Yunnan, Hainan and Taiwan in China.