Cultivation techniques of small-grain coffee: soil management

Weeding, mulching

Weeds are easy to grow in young coffee gardens, especially in the rainy season, weeds should be weeded once a month. If the labor force is sufficient, clean the grass should be removed first. Adult coffee garden can be weeded once every 2 to 3 months. If you use herbicides, you should be careful not to spray on the branches and leaves of coffee, and it is more important and prudent to use them in young coffee gardens.

The root system of coffee is shallow and is easily affected by adverse climatic conditions such as high temperature and drought. Therefore, the mulching work in the coffee garden or rhizosphere should be done well. According to local experience, grass mulching in coffee plantations can increase production by 60% to 80%; dead mulching can increase soil organic matter, promote soil microbial activity, reduce soil temperature and increase soil water content in high temperature and dry seasons. Mulching materials can be adapted to local conditions, local materials, rice straw, fallen leaves, weeds and so on can be used. The thickness of the cover should be 10cm to 15cm, and the width depends on the material. If the material is sufficient, it can be covered between the lines.

Deep ploughing and soil improvement

It can improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, especially in lean soil, deep ploughing fertilization is more important. Under general soil conditions, after deep ploughing, the lateral root growth was 3-4 times more than that without deep ploughing, and the aboveground growth was also greatly increased. Deep turning, 40 cm to 50 cm deep, 60 cm to 80 cm in length and 40 cm to 50 cm in width, once a year. It is best to press 10-15 kg of green manure into the bottom of the deep turning point, press it into two layers, and apply 200 grams of calcium superphosphate on the green manure. At the top of the hole, compost or pig and cattle manure is applied for 10-15kg, and finally the soil is covered.