The characteristics of Arabica Coffee Bean growing area, the difference between Bourbon and Tippica Coffee Bean varieties

With the exception of Ethiopia, the origin of Arabica, the mutants or mixed-race varieties cultivated or found in Central and South America, India and East Africa are mainly Tibica and bourbon, and the genetic complexity is far lower than that of Ethiopia. this is the main reason for the weak physique and poor disease resistance of Arabica outside Ethiopia.

In addition, the biggest thing that bourbon and Tibica have in common is that shade trees must be "protected" to help block the sun. These two ancient varieties, such as unshaded trees, will be unfavorable to growth and flavor development bourbon (Bourbon): juxtaposed with Tibika as ancient and excellent varieties. Some botanists even believe that Bourbon is a variant of the early Tibika transplanted to Yemen, where the bean shape changed from a thin tip to a round body. It was not until 1715 that France transplanted Mocha round beans from Yemen to the island of Bourbon on the east coast of Africa, and it was not until 1715 that it received the name round bourbon. Bourbon, which spread to Brazil and Central and South America in 1727, is also round beans. In addition, the British transplant of Yemeni mocha to St. Helena Island in 1732 was also a round bean. interestingly, it did not pass through Bourbon Island, but it was named Green Top Bourbon. It can be seen that the industry thinks that all the world's bourbon beans come from Bourbon Island is a big misunderstanding. It is important to recognize that there are many round bourbon beans that spread directly from Yemen without passing through the island of bourbon. In 181○, some of the round beans on Bourbon Island mutated into pointed beans, also known as "Bourbon pointed beans". Its caffeine content was only half that of ordinary coffee, its yield was low and its physique was weak, and it was extremely rare and rare Typica Tippica: the oldest native variety in Ethiopia, all Arabica are derived from Tibica. It belongs to the ancient coffee with elegant flavor, but its physique is weak, its disease resistance is poor and it is easy to catch rust leaf disease, and its fruit yield is also low, which is not in line with economic benefits. In recent years, Tibika has been gradually replaced by Kaddura and Kaduai in Central and South America, which is becoming more and more rare. Although Tibica has a good flavor, it is not nearly as popular as bourbon. One of the features is that Tibika's parietal leaves are bronzed. Mantenin, Blue Mountain, Elephant Bean, Kona, Yunnan Xiaodou, Rosa, and so on, are all derived varieties of Tibika. Tibica's beans are larger, pointed, oval or thin, different from Bourbon's round beans, also known as the old variety of small-grain coffee, its yield is less, the cultivation is difficult, so the price is much higher than ordinary small-grain coffee. Tibica coffee, native to Ethiopia and southeastern Sudan, is the most widely cultivated variety of coffee in the Western Hemisphere. The plant is stronger, but not light-tolerant, and the yield is higher in Hawaii. The top leaf of Tibika is red and copper, which is called red top coffee.