Rich texture Indonesian civet coffee flavor taste Manor characteristics Fine coffee introduction

Indonesia has a multi-party system. In the 2009 general election, a total of 48 political parties ran, 9 political parties won seats in Congress, and the Democratic Party founded by Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono became the largest party in Congress. Other major parties include: professional bloc Party, Democratic struggle Party, Prosperity and Justice Party, State Mission Party, Construction Unity Party, National Awakening Party, Greater Indonesia Movement Party, and popular Party.

1. The Indonesian struggle Democratic Party (IndonesiaStrugglesDemocraticParty), composed of people split from the former Indonesian Democratic Party, was formally established in October 1998. President Megawati. He is a nationalist party and a representative of secular political forces in Indonesia. The general election in June 1999 won 33.74% of the vote, making it the largest party in Congress. [13]

2. The Professional Group Party (PARTAIGOLONGANKARYA) formed a loose joint secretariat of professional groups in 1959. In October 1964, it was jointly established by 61 mass organizations. In December 1970, it was expanded to include 291 mass organizations. It was the de facto ruling party from 1967 to June 1999, but it has always called itself a social and political organization. It was officially announced as a political party on March 7, 1999, with Chairman Akbar Dan velvet. The 1999 general election won 22.44% of the vote, making it the second largest party in Congress. [13]

3. In January 1973, the Construction Solidarity Party (PARTAIPERSATUANPEMBANGUNAN) was formed by the merger of the Islamic Teachers' Union, the Indonesian Muslim Party, the Indonesian Islamic Teachers' Union Party and the Berti Islamic Party. The original purpose of the founding of the five foundations, now return to Islam, and change the party emblem back to Mecca sky room design. President Hamzeh Haz. The 1999 general election won 10.71% of the vote, making it the third largest party in Congress. In January 2002, a leader of the party, Zainutin, intensified his contradiction with Haz on issues such as the incorporation of Islam into the constitution, and set up another reformist Construction Unity Party, which served as general chairman. [14]

4. The National Awakening Party (PARTAIKEBANGKITANBANGSA) was established on July 23, 1998 and is considered to be a political party with the background of the Islamic Teachers' Union (NU). President Matoli Abdul Jalil. Emphasize religious harmony, oppose the politicization of religious issues and religious discrimination, and oppose the establishment of an Islamic state. The 1999 general election won 12.61% of the vote, making it the fourth largest party in Congress. In January 2002, it split into two factions: one favoured Matoli, the other was chaired by former Foreign Minister Arvi Hihab and former President Wahid served as chairman of the Central steering Committee. [13]

5. The State Mission Party (PARTAIAMANATNASIONAL) was founded on August 23, 1998. most of its members are members of the second largest Muslim group, MUHAMMADIYAH, with Islamic modernist characteristics. Advocate the separation of powers, checks and balances, people's sovereignty, economic equality, ethnic and religious harmony and so on. The general election in 1999 won 7.12% of the vote, making it the fifth largest party in Congress. President Amin Rais.

6. The Crescent Party (PARTAIBULANBINTANG/CRESCENTSTARPARTY), founded on July 17, 1998, is characterized by "Islamic modernism" and its supporters are mostly urban modern Muslims. Emphasize the political role of Islam and oppose the suppression of Muslim forces. The 1999 general election won 1.94% of the vote, making it the sixth largest party in Congress. President Yusriel Yiza Mahindra. [14]

7. The Prosperity and Justice Party (PARTAI KEADILAN SEJAHTERA): based on Islam, it advocates influencing the process of national development through participation in politics, educating the public through missionaries, carrying forward the spirit of Islamic mutual assistance, and helping the poor. It won 57 seats in the 2009 congressional election, making it the fourth largest party in Congress. President Ruth Feisa (Luthfi Hasan Ishaq).

Manning Coffee is produced in Sumatra, Indonesia, Asia, also known as "Sumatran Coffee". The main producing areas are Java, Sulawesi and Sumatra, 90% of which are Robusta species. Among them, the "Mantelin" produced in Sumatra is the most famous. The best of the exquisite traditional Arabica coffee produced in northern Sumatra of Sumatra is sold as Lindong Lintong and Manning Mandheling. To be exact, Lindong Lintong refers to coffee growing in a small area in the southwest of Lake Toba in Lindong District. The small coffee growing area is scattered on a high and wavy clay plateau full of fern covers. Lintong Lindong Coffee is grown without shade, does not use chemicals, and is almost entirely owned by small private owners. Mandheling Manning is a broader term that includes Lintong Lindong Coffee and similar conditions in the Diari [capital Sidikalang], the northern growing area of Lake Toba.

The origin of the name editing

Manning is not the name of the producing area, the place name, the port name, nor the name of the coffee breed. How did it get its name?

In fact, it is the transliteration of the mandheling people in Mandaining, Indonesia.

During the Japanese occupation of Indonesia during World War II, a Japanese soldier drank mellow coffee in a cafe, so he asked the shopkeeper the name of the coffee, and the boss mistook him for asking where you were from, so he replied: Mandaining. After the war, the Japanese soldiers recalled the "manning" they had drunk in Indonesia. As a result, 15 tons of Indonesian coffee was transported to Japan, which was very popular. That's how Manning's name came out, and the coffee merchant is now the famous PWN Coffee Company. Known as Mantenin mandheling, it is produced all over Lake Toba in northern Sumatra. The finished product has a unique fragrance of herbs and trees.

Gold Mantenin, the Japanese adopted more stringent quality control more than a decade ago. After picking beans manually for four times, they eliminated defective beans and produced gold mantenin with dark green color and equal appearance of beans, creating another wave of market demand. Even Europe and the United States are crazy about it.

The aged Agedmandheling is as sweet as honey. The successful old bean has worn away Manning's inelegant sour taste. The sour ingredients are ripe and converted to sugar, making the coffee more round and sweeter to drink. Mantenin is like a coffee zombie and tastes like a coffee zombie. Now they have lost their proud name: "Mocha-Java", because in the early 1970s, farmers cut down traditional coffee trees and planted some high-yield and high-profit coffee beans. In Java, most coffee beans are dried by high-temperature machines, so they have lost the authenticity of the coffee, and the sour taste is obvious after roasting, so it can be said that it is difficult to find high-quality Arabica beans in Java.

Many people do not know what kind of Flores AP coffee bean is, in fact, it is "Luobada" coffee bean, this coffee bean is pure, and the sour taste is not high, in Europe, Italy, France, Switzerland and other countries like to use it to make "Italian extra strong espresso" blend, the author has tried a single drink taste is also good