Taste characteristics of authentic Yunnan small-grain Coffee varieties from Tieka introduction to Fine Coffee beans in Manor

Typica and Bourbon, two classic coffee varieties, are the main coffee cultivars in Yunnan Province. In 1991, Catimor series varieties (stronger virus resistance and higher yield) were introduced from Kenya. A variety of Arabian species (also known as small species). Because of the similarity of morphology and habits of these two varieties, they are often mixed and cultivated.

Catimor is currently the most widely planted in Yunnan, and a small amount of typica and bourbon are planted in Baoshan. Although they all belong to Arabica species in a large range, these varieties are still very different in nature.

Iron pickup (typica): The most classic high-quality Arabica species, many commercial improved species are now derived from this. Excellent taste performance, is recognized as a fine coffee variety, but the yield is extremely low and susceptible to rust disease, requiring more manual management. Tiekka coffee is native to Ethiopia and southeastern Sudan and is the most widely cultivated coffee variety in the Western Hemisphere. The plants are more robust, but less tolerant to light, and yield more in Hawaii. The top leaves of iron pickup are red copper, called red top coffee.

Bourbon: This variety is derived from the iron pickup and was expanded by the French after it was planted on the island of Bourbon (now known as Reunion Island) in 1708. Bobang also has a good aroma and rich taste, compared to the iron card in the yield and growth force are higher, suitable for planting in 1200- 2000 meters of the area, but the ability to resist diseases and insect pests is weak, and to strong winds and heavy precipitation is more sensitive. Bobang coffee is the second most common variety of Arabica coffee after iron pickup. The main branch and trunk initially grow upward at 45 degrees, drooping with fruit load, the branch nodes are dense, the results are more, and the yield is higher. But the berries are smaller and ripen slower. Bobang bud tender leaves are green, called green top coffee;

Catimor: Catimor is not purely Arabica, it is a hybrid of Timor species (belonging to Robusta species) and caturra(a variant of Bobang species), so catimor has 25% Robusta lineage, and its Robusta lineage also determines its taste defects: aroma is not rich enough, and the overall taste is bitter, prone to astringency and more irritating musty taste.

All varieties planted in Pu 'er area of Yunnan Province are catimor(katim) varieties. In Baoshan City, typica and bourbon were introduced as early as 1950s, which are called "old varieties" locally. Because the old varieties have low disease and pest resistance and yield, and the management is relatively labor-intensive, and there is no advantage in market purchase price, in recent years, coffee farmers have changed to plant new varieties catimor. From the botanical point of view of coffee, Yunnan Arabica coffee and recognized as the best Jamaica Blue Mountain (Jamaica Blue Mountain), Hawaii Kona (Kona) have genetic similarity.