Introduction to the characteristics of Colombian Coffee Variety and the treatment of Fine Coffee

Colombia, located in the northwest of South America, is a beautiful country with a long history. Indians have lived on this land since ancient times. It was colonized by Spain in 1531 and gained independence in 1819. It was renamed in 1886 to commemorate Columbus, the discoverer of the American continent. Colombia has beautiful mountains and rivers, beautiful scenery, pleasant climate, spring all year round and fresh air. Colombia is rich in products, especially coffee, flowers, gold and emeralds known as the "four treasures" Colombian coffee pure taste, from Colombia's natural environment with the most favorable conditions for coffee growth. But beyond that, it is inseparable from the hard work of local growers. In Colombia, coffee cultivation has reached 1.07 million hectares, there are about 302000 coffee plantations in the country, and 30 to 40 per cent of the rural population depends directly on coffee production. Although there are many farms in Colombia, they are not large in area. Colombia's suitable climate provides a real "natural pasture" for coffee. Coffee trees in Colombia are mainly cultivated in the Andes, on steep slopes about 1300 meters above sea level, where the annual temperature is about 18 degrees Celsius, annual rainfall is 2000 to 3000 millimeters, latitude 1 °- 11 °15 north, longitude 72 °- 78 °west, the specific range of elevation is more than 2.000 meters. By a special combination of factors, the latitude, altitude, soil, plant origin of species and varieties of coffee in the coffee-growing areas of Colombia, the climate of the coffee-growing areas and the dual paths of tropical convergence produce a small area of rain patterns. The area of each farm is only about 2 hectares, and more than 80% of the coffee plantations have only about 5000 coffee trees, an average of 3000. Thus it can be seen that agriculture in Colombia belongs to the small-scale farm type. The locals plant tall trees or banana trees around the coffee trees. Build an Arbor for coffee trees at the seedling stage to ensure the cool and humid environment needed for coffee growth. Due to the high humidity, small temperature difference and slow ripening of beans in the coffee forest, which is conducive to the accumulation of caffeine and aromatic substances, the best quality Colombian coffee is mainly Arabica coffee (coffea arabica), that is, small fruit coffee (small grain coffee). Relatively speaking, large fruit coffee (coffea robusta) is mostly grown in Africa of origin, such as the famous Malagasy coffee. There are several varieties of small fruit coffee. Brazilian coffee, which has the largest yield in the world, has larger seeds, stronger adaptability and high fruit yield. In contrast, the mild coffee produced in Colombia is a more high-quality variety, which is related to its special geographical location and climatic environment.