A brief introduction to the planting situation, geographical location, climate and altitude of fine coffee beans in Pu'er, Yunnan

The coffee tree is full of fruit, and many oval coffee beans hang densely on the branches. Xiao Yu said, "once the coffee fruit turns red, it can be picked." Ka farmers should pick bright red coffee fruits, after strict selection and classification, remove diseased fruits, withered fruits and sundries, and then peel and degumm the fresh coffee fruits, which can be dried on a special coffee drying rack after cleaning. in order to maximize the unique flavor and quality of the manor coffee. After the coffee is picked, the coffee trees should be pruned, reshaped and fertilized to ensure a better harvest in the coming year.

In the whole manor, in addition to the coffee tree, there are banana trees, jackfruit, camphor trees, peach trees, plum trees, and many trees that cannot be named. Xiao Yu said with a smile that these are shade trees that can shield coffee from the scorching sun when the clouds dissipate in the afternoon. At the same time, rich biodiversity can greatly reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. Some shade trees can also bring us economic benefits!

In the shade of the tree and on the bamboo chair, a cup of mellow Lamper Manor coffee is the best reward for my tiredness along the way. Looking at the pure sky and gorgeous sunset, at the moment of the silky entrance, the fatigue disappeared.

Manor coffee refers to the coffee produced in the coffee farm, which is synonymous with high-quality coffee. For example, the world's top coffee "Blue Mountain" is produced in several high-altitude coffee farms in the Blue Mountains of Jamaica. It uses the way of intensive cultivation to accurately control the location, seedling, planting, harvesting, processing, grading and other production process of coffee manor, so that the coffee produced has better flavor and higher quality. So, how is the manor coffee made? With curiosity, the reporter came to Lamper Coffee Manor to find the answer.

Starting from Lancang County in Yunnan Province towards the Sino-Burmese border, we finally arrived at our destination after bumping for an hour on the rugged mountain road at an altitude of 1100,000m. At this time in front of the scenery, I can not help but admire: ethereal white clouds around the dark green mountains, curling mist shrouded in the whole valley, just like Penglai Wonderland! The dense forest, the crisp birdsong, the breeze on the face, the sweet air, makes people relaxed and happy! Mr. long, the person in charge of the manor, told us that there are no pollution sources around here, and the soil and water is pure; high altitude, low latitudes, warm in winter and cool in summer; and the year-round cloud is the natural barrier for the growth of coffee, filtering out the strong sun. it provides suitable illumination, temperature and humidity for the growth of coffee, which is the environment needed for high-quality manor coffee.

Technician Xiao Yu led us along the winding mountain road to the depths of the manor. On the sloping hillside, there was a piece of yellow cardboard, and many strange lights were hung on the trees. Xiao Yu said, "this is our insecticidal secret device, armyworm board and biological anti-insect lamp." Lamper Manor does not use chemical pesticides, but uses biological pest control and artificial weeding; according to soil structure and coffee growth, organic fertilizer and element compound fertilizer are needed to get real organic manor coffee. The relevant cultivation has also been obtained.

There is a saying that Yunnan coffee is called Yunnan small-grain coffee. We all know that there are three varieties of coffee, the Liberika variety is the large-grain species, the Robbda variety is the medium-grained species, and the Arabica variety is the small-grained species. There are more than 100 branches of Arabica varieties. For example, the famous bourbon and tin card species, rose summer seed, S288, SL34, while most coffee producing countries in the world use branches of Arabica varieties suitable for their respective regions to grow. If it is called Yunnan small seed coffee as Yunnan coffee does, then Brazilian coffee should be called Brazilian small seed coffee and Colombian coffee should be called Colombian small seed coffee. Guatemalan coffee is called Guatemalan small seed coffee, is this a little strange, is it a little unscientific?

Won a prize in the world: it was in the 1950s, and the winners were the old varieties bourbon and tin card, which have nothing to do with the Katim species grown on a large scale in Yunnan as raw materials for the instant coffee industry. there are also many unscrupulous businessmen who say everywhere that Yunnan coffee in China is mainly an old variety of bourbon and tin card. Where can I find a mass-produced old variety in Yunnan, China? When promoting our own Yunnan coffee in China, please do not deceive or deceive our poor Chinese consumers, because the price of their consumption of 20 or 30 yuan a cup of coffee is in line with international standards and is often higher than that of developed countries, while the income of our poor consumers in China is several times lower than that of developed countries. So please tell them the truth and don't fool them into saying that Yunnan coffee is an old variety of bourbon and tin card.

We often meet boastful people in coffee-growing areas in Yunnan: "our Yunnan coffee is delicious, our Yunnan coffee has won awards in the world, and our Yunnan coffee is very famous in the world." I asked them if they had had a drink. Where is it good? I can't answer. Many farmers mix red fruits with 15% Murray and 20% green fruits. Can this kind of coffee taste good? This kind of coffee is only bitter when roasted. Coffee is a fruit crop. Can it be delicious without ripe green apples and bananas?

[analysis]

Advantages: the best coffee in the world is related to the Tropic of Cancer. Pu'er is located in Colombia, a world-famous coffee grower.

At the same latitude. Because of its large temperature difference between day and night and abundant rainfall, Pu'er belongs to the middle altitude area, so it is the most valuable commercial variety of coffee.

The golden belt of Arabica beans.

Opportunity: global coffee exporters produced 132.404 million bags (60 kg each) in 2011

The proportion of place of origin. 55% in the Americas, 17% in Asia and 11% in Africa. International coffee prices are expected to remain high in the next 10 years.

. In order to reduce their dependence on coffee growing bases in South America, coffee giants have adopted Pu'er as a new member of the coffee trading system.

base.

Threat: 80% of the coffee consumed in China is of low quality, and 80% of the raw materials consumed in the market come from Vietnam, which is of low quality. Low quality coffee

Coffee consumption suppresses coffee consumption

Weakness: in China, which is dominated by tea consumption, coffee farmers do not necessarily understand coffee, and the public do not have coffee consumption.

Habit of

The world consumes about 8 million tons of coffee a year, while China consumes less than 50, 000 tons.

Per capita coffee consumption in China: 3 to 4 cups per person per year.

Average consumption in coffee consuming countries: 30 to 50 cups per person per year.

[output] compared with the popularity of Pu'er tea, the fame of Pu'er coffee is not commensurate with the output. Yunnan's coffee output accounts for the country's total.

The output is 98.8%; the output of Pu'er coffee accounts for 57.8% of Yunnan's total output; and the price of a cup of Starbucks coffee is equivalent to 25 cups of AA.

Yunnan coffee beans.

[planting] in 2011, planting one mu of coffee trees in Pu'er can earn 4000-8000 yuan.

[export] Pu'er plays a primary role, and most of the coffee produced is supplied to multinational corporations in the form of raw materials. In 2011, Yunnan produced.

70% of coffee beans are carved up by coffee giants such as Starbucks, Nestl é, Maxwell and other coffee giants. Coffee exported from Pu'er accounts for the total export of Yunnan Province.

77.8% of the quantity.

[roasting] Yunnan has the largest coffee processing production line in China, with annual roasted coffee beans reaching 3000 tons of Starbucks in Yunnan.

According to the capital baking company, the value of coffee beans can appreciate 10 times after deep processing.

[retail] Nestle buys 12% of the world's annual coffee output every year, of which the proportion of purchases in Yunnan is increasing year by year

Nestl é buys so much that it can already determine the price trend of coffee to some extent.

Some people calculate that on average, nearly 3200 cups of Nestle coffee are drunk every second in the world.

[culture and education] Coffee base is a tourist resort farm with a nature of sightseeing.

Simao area of Yunnan Province is between 1000 and 2000 meters above sea level, with mainly mountainous and sloping land, fertile soil, sufficient sunshine, rich rainfall and large temperature difference between day and night. It is not only a paradise for Arabica planting, but also the key to the production of high-quality Arabica coffee beans. Simao area spans subtropical and tropical climatic zones, the climate is relatively hot and dry, with many dry and hot valleys and barren mountains, which is very suitable for coffee growth.

Due to the unique geographical environment and climatic conditions, Yunnan Simao coffee has formed a unique flavor of strong but not bitter, fragrant but not strong, with a little fruit flavor. The quality of coffee depends on many factors, such as growing environment, climate, cultivation and management techniques and so on. Its best growing environment is low latitude, high altitude, sufficient rainfall and suitable sunshine, but other areas in this zone, such as Hawaii and Saudi Arabia, low altitude or little rain in the desert, are not conducive to coffee growth. Only Simao in Yunnan Province, which is in this zone, happens to have all kinds of suitable conditions, so it creates the mellow taste of Simao coffee.

Yunnan Simao coffee is excellent in quality and mellow, and its aroma overflows when it is brewed. It enjoys a high reputation in domestic and foreign markets, and has been rated as a first-class product in the international market in London.

Flavor and taste characteristics: moderate acidity, uniform taste.

Simao in Yunnan Province, China, located in the upper reaches of the Lancang River, is famous for its steep terrain and is one of the famous producing areas of Pu'er tea in China. At the same time, it is also the largest area of coffee planting in China. Its planting area is about 150000 mu and the output of coffee can reach 22500 tons. The coffee produced in Simao is of high quality and can be sold at a good price even when coffee slumps in the international market. It is said that the Chinese coffee called "Yunnan" is very similar to the coffee made in India and Indonesia in appearance and taste, so many coffee lovers think that Yunnan coffee has a "mysterious and special oriental flavor".

I finally met the famous magic machine Probat from Germany. Sure enough, V5. Wow.

After drinking N cups of Yunnan Blue Mountain Coffee and Yunnan Musk Coffee worth hundreds to thousands of yuan, I patted my stomach and went to sleep happily.

I was speechless all night.

The next day, we came to Zhongshun partner Fang Zong's coffee processing factory to visit and study.

When I came to the factory, the first thing I saw was a large area of dried coffee. Yunnan's winter is sunny and less rainy, dry coffee can be dried in the sun, there is no need to use a dryer. I think the taste of sun-dried beans is purer and more obvious.

In the upper bag are the freshly picked coffee fruits and the defective fruits selected in the lower bag.

Fermented beans need to be washed out of pectin. There are washed coffee beans in the sink. The so-called washed coffee gets its name from this step. Ripe beans have a large proportion and will sink to the bottom of the pool.

The photo below is the true appearance of the extremely rare blue mountain coffee in Yunnan. According to Mr. Fang, he will gradually get rid of a small number of Katim varieties in the field and certify the whole blue mountain coffee as a domestic model of this variety.

During this coffee trip, I not only saw the long-awaited coffee fruit, but also became acquainted with two colleagues in Yunnan coffee industry. Thanks to the country, thanks to Zhongshun.

Many people may not know that in Yunnan, China, there is coffee comparable to the Blue Mountains, and there is a coffee roaster worth nearly a million dollars in a small town by the Lujiang River. Just listen to me slowly. I'm going to make a cup of coffee first--

Since last month, most of the beans in the coffee shop have been baked at home. Among them, the amount of coffee in Yunnan has increased a lot. In the past, the bean quality of Yunnan coffee suppliers is not stable, and there is a trend of getting worse and worse. Therefore, it is urgent to change suppliers.

It just so happens that the expert in the industry-Zhongshun issued an invitation for me to visit his coffee farm. Really send charcoal in the snow, umbrellas in the rain, get up early in the morning to deliver coffee.

On the first day of 2011, I went to Lujiang Town, Baoshan City, Yunnan Province to rendezvous with Zhongshun. After more than an hour of turbulence, a group of us came to a small village on the edge of Lujiang River. There is a 700-year-old banyan tree in the village, which reminds me of the tree of life in Avatar. This fengshui is so handsome.

Families in the village take turns killing pigs from New Year's Day to the Spring Festival, so they can eat pig-killing vegetables almost every day. Pigs, you always have to pay it back when you come out to hang out. I don't like pork cuisine very much, but I found a delicious dish: ant sauerkraut. Sweet in sour, slightly spicy, very delicious. It is said that this thing can cure rheumatism, especially for men.

In addition to ant sauerkraut, there are many wild vegetables, absolutely natural green organic environmental protection, how much money can not buy. Among them, I like wild yam best, which is very sweet.

There is a coffee field in the backyard of Mr. Duan of Shian Coffee.

This is coffee beans drying in the yard. There are many people who drink coffee in the village, so there are many people who can taste the quality of the coffee. It can be said that the villagers know more about coffee than some bosses who often drink the Blue Mountains. At the very least, folks don't add N tablespoons of sugar and 1 spoon of cream every time.

There is a big tree in the coffee field, there is a tree house on the tree, and there is a group of children in the tree house. I suddenly suspected that I had been robbed of my dream, and everything was very unreal. However, there are pieces to prove it.

After dinner, we came to the largest coffee field in Asia, just by the Lujiang River.

According to Mr. Duan, the government will build irrigation canals and field roads in the fields after the Spring Festival, and the scale of investment is tens of millions of levels. Standing in the field, as a member of China's coffee industry, pride and responsibility arise spontaneously.

Back to Boss Duan's company from Tanli, Mr. Cui from Korea shared a lot of baking experience with you.