Planting Environment and Coffee Quality in Pu 'er District, Yunnan Province, China

Harvest season-Pu'er planting Environment and Coffee quality in Yunnan Coffee producing area, China

Natural environment

Climatic factors are a prerequisite for the growth of coffee. Coffee trees are only suitable for growing in tropical and subtropical areas between 25 degrees north and south latitudes, which are often referred to as "coffee growing belts" or "coffee producing areas". Pu'er City is located between 22 °02 °N, 24 °50 °N and 99 °10 °50 °E, with the Tropic of Cancer crossing the middle, elevation 1400m, annual average temperature 15 ℃-20.2m, annual rainfall 1100-2780 mm, annual sunshine hours 1873.9-2206.3 hours, temperature, altitude and rainfall are all suitable for growing coffee. The altitude of most coffee growing areas in Pu'er City is less than 1200 meters, the slope is 25 degrees, and the soil is slightly acidic, mainly lateritic red soil, purple soil and so on. Pu'er has a land area of 45000 square kilometers and a hot area of more than 23000 square kilometers. the area suitable for growing coffee in the city is more than 8 million mu, which has great potential for development.

Technological advantage

Pu'er summed up a set of high-yield cultivation techniques of coffee in Pu'er production, compiled "Yunnan small seed Coffee cultivation regulations for High yield and quality", and "Analysis and Countermeasures of Regional Coffee Cold damage in Pu'er City, Yunnan Province". The coffee test and demonstration field in Pu'er City was established, which played an exemplary, driving and radiating role in ecological cultivation, production technology, biological control and so on. In terms of technical personnel support, colleges and secondary schools such as the Hot farming College of Yunnan Agricultural University and foreign enterprises such as Nestl é and Starbucks have been engaged in coffee production for a long time, sending more than 400 professionals to the society every year, providing a solid intellectual foundation for the development of Pu'er coffee industry.

Coffee is of excellent quality.

The special geographical and climatic conditions of Pu'er have created the excellent quality of Pu'er coffee. Every year, Pu'er Coffee Industry Federation organizes coffee enterprises to send coffee to international authoritative organizations for testing. After evaluation and testing by International Coffee Organization (ICO), Nestle, McDonnell and domestic, Pu'er coffee is praised as "the best quality coffee", belongs to the same category as Colombian coffee, and is recognized as a first-class product by the International Coffee Organization (ICO). London International Coffee Market rated it as "high quality product, mellow first"; international famous coffee companies such as Nestle and Maxwell praised it as "the best quality coffee"; the American Special Coffee Association believes that its quality surpasses Colombian coffee and is one of the top coffees in the world.

At the third Pu'er Coffee Raw Bean Competition, a cup evaluation group was formed by world-renowned coffee cup appraisers, and the coffee raw beans from various Pu'er producing areas were tested and evaluated according to the standard of fine coffee. Pu'er coffee, which scored more than 80 points in the three competitions, accounted for more than 30% of the total number of participants, which fully proved the excellent quality of Pu'er coffee and the inherent conditions and room for expansion.

Good brand foundation

First, the influence of the brand of the coffee capital of China has been further expanded. The unique taste and excellent quality of Pu'er coffee have been recognized, recognized and praised by more and more celebrities and coffee lovers at home and abroad, and the domestic and international market share of Pu'er coffee has been further improved. the brand effect of Pu'er coffee appears gradually. The second is the preliminary establishment of the brand certification system. On December 10, 2012, the China Fruit Circulation Association named Pu'er the "Coffee Capital of China". In 2013, "Pu'er Coffee" and "Simao Coffee" successively obtained the certification trademark of geographical indications of agricultural products of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and the registration certificate of geographical indications of agricultural products of the Ministry of Agriculture. In 2014, the State Administration of quality Supervision approved Pu'er to establish a "National demonstration Zone for well-known Brands of Coffee Industry". In 2015, Pu'er Coffee "won the title of" the most popular regional public brand of Chinese agricultural products in 2015 "and" the regional public brand of Chinese agricultural products with the most investment value ".

Development status of Pu'er Coffee Industry

In 2012, Pu'er City established the Pu'er Coffee Industry Development Office, which has become the only department-level coffee industry administrative organization in the country. In July 2015, Pu'er Coffee Industry Office and Pu'er Tea Industry Bureau merged into Pu'er Tea and Coffee Industry Bureau. In 2014, the city's coffee planting area reached 757000 mu, put into production of 402300 mu, with an output of 39900 tons, with a total output value of 1.2 billion yuan; exported 28200 tons of coffee, earning US $69 million in foreign exchange. In 2015, the planting area of coffee in the city reached 767000 mu, with an estimated output of 471800 mu, with an estimated output of 49500 tons and an estimated industrial and agricultural output value of 1.7 billion yuan. Pu'er coffee is mainly exported to more than 30 countries and regions, such as America, Europe, Asia and so on. There are more than 75000 farmers and 251500 farmers' coffee cooperatives in the city, including 386 coffee enterprises registered with industry and commerce, 540 fresh coffee processing factories, 6 intensive processing enterprises, 12 export enterprises and 2 coffee machinery manufacturers. Nestl é, Starbucks, Wall and other international companies have been stationed in Pu'er for a long time to carry out business cooperation, and coffee industry groups such as Aishi, Beigui, Kangnbe, Manya, Manlaojiang, Kofi, Oasis, Jinshu and 1% have emerged. Pu'er has become the main coffee producing area and coffee trading and distribution center with the largest planting area, the highest yield and the best quality in the province and even the whole country, and promotes the local economic and social development by planting 300000 mu of coffee in Myanmar, Laos and other neighboring countries.