What kind of beans are 74110 in coffee? what do you mean? What are the seeds selected in Ethiopia

With the continuous development of boutique coffee, it is estimated that hundreds of varieties have been distinguished and named so far. I don't know if you have noticed that there are many varieties named after numbers, such as 74110, 74112 and so on. Today, in front of the street, I would like to talk to you about the resident guest of Ethiopia COE: 74110.

"Heirloom" native species before we understand 74110, we need to understand the concept of "native species". As the birthplace of coffee, Ethiopia should have about 10,000 varieties. On the one hand, the number of varieties is too large to rely on genetic testing to identify them, and we can only rely on the experience of farmers; second, the local government also uses the term "Heirloom" in order to protect these native and unknown varieties from competing among coffee-growing countries.

Coffee anthracnose broke out in Ethiopia after JARC1970. After the disease of ripe berries and cyan berries, water-like spots appear on the surface, and then the disease spots are sunken, and the color gradually changes to dark brown, grayish black, and finally necrosis on the tree and even fruit drop. The disease will reduce the yield of coffee trees by 20% to 30%, or even to 70% to 80% in severe cases. At that time, the eastern half of the East African Rift Valley in the Hara and Yegashafi producing areas suffered heavy losses, while the impact of coffee trees in the western half was relatively small.

Blindly spraying pesticides is not a long-term solution, the fundamental solution is to find local varieties with disease resistance genes. As the birthplace of coffee, it has a unique advantage in looking for varieties with disease resistance genes. The Jinma Agricultural Research Center (JARC), located in the western half of the East African Rift Valley, began to set up a "search bean brigade" to collect seeds from more than 600 coffee trees in the western forest of the East African Rift Valley. Experts identified them with scientific and technological identification and field trials to find varieties resistant to anthracnose. 74110 is one of the first 13 anthrax-resistant varieties released by JARC.

7411074110 is a code given by JARC, "74" in 74110 represents the year of discovery, and "110" is the experimental sample number. Therefore, 74110 is a clear single variety.

74110 of the trees had short and fine shape, small leaves, fruits and beans, green top, short internodes and high yield. In terms of flavor, 74110 shows citrus acid and light flower aroma, with a typical Ethiopian producing area flavor, to borrow Mr. Han Huaizong's "the fourth wave of boutique coffee" to describe-fruit bomb, we can see its wonderful flavor.

Since its discovery in 1974, 74110 has become one of the most widely planted modern varieties in Ethiopia (the other is 74112) because of its high disease resistance and adaptability to different soil and water. Under the vigorous promotion and extensive cultivation, 74110 has also repeatedly entered the Ethiopian COE rankings, and 74110 has won no less than 20 awards between 2020 and 2022.

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