In addition to Kenya and Ethiopia, what other coffee-producing countries in Africa (Part 2)

Africa has the title of "plateau continent", with an average elevation of 750 meters. Africa is rich in natural resources, many mountains, volcanoes, rivers and lakes, and across the equator, the climate is mainly tropical, so the agricultural industry in Africa is developed, especially the coffee industry, there are many coffee producing countries in Africa, the most famous of which are Kenya and Ethiopia In addition, there are Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malawi, South Africa, Uganda, Zambia, C ô te d'Ivoire, Zimbabwe and Angola.

Malawi Malawi

Malawi is located in the southeast of Africa, is a landlocked country, although the land area is small, but due to the East African Rift Valley throughout the country, making the country multi-plateau and volcanic mountains, in addition, the country has the third largest lake in Africa, Lake Malawi, rich in hydraulic resources, coupled with Malawi's savanna climate, these environments are very suitable for coffee cultivation.

In the 20th century, when Malawi was colonized by the United Kingdom, coffee was also introduced to Malawi. Thanks to the fertile soil, coffee production reached a peak of 7700 metric tons that year, but due to poor international coffee prices, local people began to be reluctant to grow coffee and turned to crops such as nuts and tea, resulting in a continuous decline in production. Then the country became independent, the land was redistributed, and cooperatives began to rise, and the coffee industry began to stabilize.

At present, coffee is mainly grown in the south and north of the country. In the south, the main producing area is the nkhata bay highlands, mostly large-scale estates, mainly growing nuts, tea and tobacco, and a small amount of coffee, while in the north it is mainly small farmers, mainly in the misuku hills hills. Currently planting Geisha, Bourbon, Catimor and other varieties, the country will produce coffee beans with citrus, black plum, drupe flavor, annual output of about 350t, mainly exported to South Africa and the European Union.

South Africa South Africa

South Africa is located in the southernmost tip of the African continent, surrounded by the sea on the east, south and west, while the north is surrounded by heavy mountains. In addition, in the east, there are Longshan Mountains and volcanic mountains, which is rich in hydraulic resources. And most of South Africa has a warm temperate climate, with an annual average temperature of 10-24 ℃, so the country's agriculture is more developed, mainly growing sugar cane, corn and coffee.

Coffee was first grown in South Africa in the early 20th century and was well taken care of. In the late 20th century, when government prices supported self-sufficiency, annual coffee production peaked at 3000 metric tons. But soon after, the country changed a new policy and increased demand in the international market, and the plan was cancelled. As a result, most of the higher-cost coffee farms have shifted to planting more economically valuable crops instead of coffee, resulting in a sharp decline in coffee acreage, in addition to the fact that coffee has been affected by early frost in the south and moved to the northeast to grow coffee, which currently covers an area of about 200 hectares.

At present, coffee is mainly grown in KwaZulu Natal province in the east and Mpu Malanga province in the northeast, with Arabica and Robsta varieties, while Arabica varieties are mostly coffee trees introduced from Kenya, but they have less acidity and strong aroma, and are mainly exported to Central and South American countries, Asia and some African countries.

Uganda Uganda

Uganda is located in eastern Africa, across the equator, most of the territory is located in the East African Plateau, the land area is small, but has more lakes and volcanic mountains, known as "plateau water village". Uganda has a savanna climate, with rainfall of 1000-1500 mm in most areas, high altitude, rich volcanic soil and water resources, which makes Uganda very suitable for agricultural cultivation such as coffee.

There are native Robusta trees around Lake Victoria in southern Uganda, which is also mainly grown in the country. According to some records, the Arabica variety was introduced to Uganda from Malawi or Ethiopia in the 20th century, but the Arabica variety is fragile and is not widely cultivated, but only in a small number of areas. As a result, coffee has always been Uganda's main export, but Uganda's production fell by about 20 per cent in 1990 due to factors such as drought and falling coffee prices, which did not improve until recent years, and gradually recovered with more modern production.

At present, Arabica varieties are mainly grown in the eastern Bugisu, West Nile (West Nile) and Renzori Mountains (Rwenzori Mountains), mainly Kent kent, iron pickup Typica, SL14 and SL28 varieties, while Robusta varieties are widely cultivated in the south of the country. Uganda now produces about 410000 tons of coffee a year, mainly exported to the European Union, the United States and India, and is gradually increasing coffee exports to China.

In fact, in addition to these countries, there are many coffee-producing countries in Africa, but the output is less due to competition from other crops, so it is less on the market. For example, Zambia (Zambia) produces about 2000 tons of coffee, which is low and basically consumed domestically. C ô te d'Ivoire mainly produces cocoa, while coffee is grown on a small scale, with an annual output of 100000 tons, mainly exported to the European Union and the United States. Zimbabwe (Zimbabwe) coffee production has fallen sharply, producing only about 200 tons of coffee in 2017 and is gradually recovering to 10, 000 tons. Due to the outbreak of civil war in Angola, almost all coffee plantations have been destroyed and have only begun to recover in recent years. At present, production is about 18000 tons, mainly exported to Western Europe, such as Portugal and Spain.

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