Cultivation techniques of small-grain Coffee in Yunnan Province: disease Control

1. Coffee rust

Is the main disease of coffee, the most harmful, the damaged plants, light reduced yield, heavy death. Coffee rust is mainly harmful to leaves and sometimes to young fruits and twigs. After the leaves were susceptible, many light yellow spots appeared at first, and expanded in the shape of water stains, and then there was a pile of orange-yellow powdery spores on the back of the leaves, and there was a light green halo around the disease spots. In the later stage, the disease spots gradually expanded or linked together, becoming irregular disease spots, and the disease spots finally withered, showing dark brown, and the whole susceptible leaves fell off.

Prevention and cure method

① was planted with rust-resistant varieties. Quarantine work should be done strictly during introduction to prevent the spread of germs.

② strengthens tending management and improves plant disease resistance.

The pathogen was cleared by ③. The seedlings in the nursery should be inspected frequently to remove the diseased leaves; the plants in the coffee garden should be pruned to remove the weak branches and diseased leaves, especially before the end of the dry season, and all the diseased leaves should be removed immediately as soon as they are found. and combined with chemical control.

Chemical control of ④. Using 1% to 5% Bordeaux liquid spray, the first time should be before the rainy season, according to the specific conditions and the severity and severity of the disease, generally every 2 to 3 weeks spray, triamcinolone acetonide has a preventive effect on coffee rust and has a therapeutic effect in the early stage of the disease. Use 25% wettable powder 35g / mu or 5% WP 150g / mu, spray 30kg of water.

two。 Coffee anthracnose

It occurs in almost all coffee-growing areas. It is mainly harmful to coffee leaves. After the initial infection of the leaves, there are light brown spots on the upper and lower surfaces, with a diameter of about 3 cm. The centers of these lesions are grayish white and turn completely gray in the later stage, with black dots arranged in concentric circles. Infection often begins at the edge of the leaf. The disease can spread to branches and fruits, causing branches to dry up; after the fruit is infected, there are sunken disease spots that turn black, and the flesh hardens and clings to the beans. (VIII)

Prevention and cure method

(1) strengthen tending management (including reasonable fertilization and correct pruning) to create a microclimate environment suitable for coffee growth, make coffee trees grow healthily and improve disease resistance.

(2) Chemical control

① 1 ∶ 3 ∶ 100 Bordeaux liquid has better control effect.

② abroad introduced the use of 1% carbendazim in two weeks after flowering began to spray the first time, and then sprayed once every three weeks, a total of 8 times, can receive a good control effect.

3. Coffee leaf spot, also known as brown spot

All kinds of coffee can be infected with the disease. It is the most popular in cloudy and wet weather. Mainly damaged leaves, the damaged leaves showed irregular large disease spots, the disease spots were dark brown or black, without wheel lines, and withered in severe cases. Seedlings and young trees are particularly susceptible to infection, often causing wilt.

Prevention and cure method

Once symptoms are found, the garden should be cleaned immediately, the diseased leaves should be collected and burned, and 0.5% Bordeaux solution should be sprayed to protect the plants.