Introduction of Coffee Tree species

Tiebika (Typica) Tibicati pickup truck

Tiebika (Typica Tibikati pickup) is the species name of coffee beans and is one of the oldest varieties of Arabica.

Iron pickup, also known as the old variety of small-grain coffee, its yield is less, cultivation is difficult, so the price is much higher than ordinary small-grain coffee. Tibica coffee, native to Ethiopia and southeastern Sudan, is the most widely cultivated variety of coffee in the Western Hemisphere. The plant is stronger, but not light-tolerant, and the yield is higher in Hawaii. The top leaf of Tibika is red and copper, which is called red top coffee.

Typica Tibica (Tibica): the oldest native variety in Ethiopia, all Arabica are derived from Tibica. It belongs to the ancient coffee with elegant flavor, but its physique is weak, its disease resistance is poor and it is easy to catch rust leaf disease, and its fruit yield is also low, which is not in line with economic benefits. In recent years, Tibika has been gradually replaced by Kaddura and Kaduai in Central and South America, which is becoming more and more rare. Although Tibica has a good flavor, it is not nearly as popular as bourbon. One of the features is that Tibika's parietal leaves are bronzed. Mantenin, Blue Mountain, Elephant Bean, Kona, Yunnan Xiaodou, Rosa, and so on, are all derived varieties of Tibika. Tibica's beans are larger, pointed, oval or thin, different from Bourbon's round beans.

Bourbon: juxtaposed with Tibica as an ancient and excellent variety. Some botanists even believe that Bourbon is a variant of the early Tibika transplanted to Yemen, where the bean shape changed from a thin tip to a round body. It was not until 1715 that France transplanted Mocha round beans from Yemen to the island of Bourbon on the east coast of Africa, and it was not until 1715 that it received the name round bourbon. Bourbon, which spread to Brazil and Central and South America in 1727, is also round beans. In addition, the British transplant of Yemeni mocha to St. Helena Island in 1732 was also a round bean. interestingly, it did not pass through Bourbon Island, but it was named Green Top Bourbon. It can be seen that the industry thinks that all the world's bourbon beans come from Bourbon Island is a big misunderstanding. It is important to recognize that there are many round bourbon beans that spread directly from Yemen without passing through the island of bourbon. In 181○, some of the round beans on Bourbon Island mutated into pointed beans, also known as the "pointed body of bourbon." its caffeine content was only half that of ordinary coffee, and its output was low, weak, and extremely rare.

With the exception of Ethiopia, the origin of Arabica, the mutants or mixed-race varieties cultivated or found in Central and South America, India and East Africa are mainly Tibica and bourbon, and the genetic complexity is far lower than that of Ethiopia. this is the main reason for the weak physique and poor disease resistance of Arabica outside Ethiopia.

In addition, the biggest thing that bourbon and Tibica have in common is that shade trees must be "protected" to help block the sun. These two ancient varieties, such as unshaded trees, will not be conducive to growth and flavor development.

Bourbon list

Bourbon (Bourbon is also transliterated as Bourbon list): it is an ancient and excellent variety alongside Tibica. Some botanists even believe that Bourbon is a variant of the early Tibika transplanted to Yemen, where the bean shape changed from a thin tip to a round body.

Bourbon coffee is a variety of small-grain coffee second only to Tibica. At first, the main branch and the trunk grew upward at 45 degrees, and drooped with fruit load, the lateral branches were denser, the fruit was more, and the yield was higher. But the berries are smaller and ripen more slowly. The top bud and tender leaves of Bobang are green, called green-top coffee.

It was not until 1715 that France transplanted Mocha round beans from Yemen to the island of Bourbon on the east coast of Africa, and it was not until 1715 that it received the name round bourbon. Bourbon, which spread to Brazil and Central and South America in 1727, is also round beans. In addition, the British transplant of Yemeni mocha to St. Helena Island in 1732 was also a round bean; interestingly, it did not pass through Bourbon Island, but it was named Green Top Bourbon, so it can be seen that it is a big misunderstanding in the industry that all the world's bourbon beans (Bourbon is also transliterated as Bourbon list) come from Bourbon Island. It is important to recognize that there are many round bourbon beans that spread directly from Yemen without passing through the island of bourbon. In 181○, some of the round beans on Bourbon Island mutated into pointed beans, also known as the "pointed body of bourbon." its caffeine content was only half that of ordinary coffee, and its output was low, weak, and extremely rare.

With the exception of Ethiopia, the origin of Arabica, the mutants or mixed-race varieties cultivated or found in Central and South America, India and East Africa are dominated by Bourbon and Bourbon, and the genetic complexity is much lower than that of Ethiopia, which is the main reason for the weak physique and poor disease resistance of Arabica outside Ethiopia.

In addition, the biggest thing that bourbon and Tibica have in common is that shade trees must be "protected" to help block the sun. These two ancient varieties, such as unshaded trees, will not be conducive to growth and flavor development.

Rose summer (Geisha geisha coffee)

Rosa Geisha (Geisha) Origin: Cauca Valley, Colombia: 1700-1950 m above sea level

Variety: Geisha (Rosa, Geisha) delivery season: March 2012

Flavor: premium Darjeeling black tea, orange peel, tangerine peel, yellow sweet lemon, black sugar sweet, juice sweet, citrus juice, sweet osmanthus, rum tail rhyme

Taste: soft but not irritating fruit acidity, thick feeling is excellent, black tea tail rhyme, black tea comfortable astringent feeling of this bean, I have also tasted this bean, in Hankou 63 manor coffee, at that time is just opened on Weibo to summon the industry to do a coffee tasting meeting, but with me above is not a manor beans, these are manor beans, rose summer won the crown in many cuping (cup test) competitions this year At that time, we tried hand pressure, siphon, hand flushing, several methods have different taste, in which the siphon taste is slightly sour, has a strong fruit flavor, and leaves a hint of caramel aftertaste after drinking the cup. But Rosa is very valuable, and many of them are available in limited quantities.

In 1931, he was exported to Kenya in obscurity from Geisha Mountain Mountain in southwestern Ethiopia (coincidentally synonymous with Japanese geisha). He traveled to Tanzania and Costa Rica, and was transplanted to Panama in the six ○ years. It took him nearly half a century to make a splash, defeating the victorious armies such as Bourbon, Kaddura, Kaduai, Tibica and so on. Won the first prize of two ○○ five, two ○○ six and two ○○ seven Panamanian national treasure bean cup test competition in one breath. In the seventh year of ○○, the International famous Bean Cup Test sponsored by the American Fine Coffee Association won the championship again, and the bidding price was even sold at US $130 per pound, setting an all-time record for the price of competition beans. It is reported that the next Panamanian national treasure bean competition will be divided into two groups: rose summer and non-rose summer, so as not to be robbed of the brilliance of other varieties by rose summer. Rosa is a member of the Tibika family, but it became famous more than 70 years after leaving Ethiopia, and fulfilled the saying that Ethiopia is a treasure trove of Arabica genes. Giving a variety to go abroad is enough to stir up trouble in the coffee market.

Pacamara (Pacamara)

Pacamara (Pacamara): the pedigree is very complex. It is a hybrid of the Tibika variety elephant bean and the bourbon variety Pacas. Huge beans, second only to elephant beans, is a rising star in El Salvador and a hybrid breed of high-quality coffee all over the world in the past two years. Won two ○○ seven Guatemala and Honduras [COE] double championships, but also arranged to host the top three awards in El Salvador. The name "Pacamara" is very good. It is a compound word of Pacas [Pacas] and elephant bean [Maragogepe]. Pacamara is an excellent variety produced by the Salvadoran Coffee Research Institute from 1957 to 1958. It was not until recent years that it became the darling of boutique coffee.