Oceania island Papua New Guinea Coffee producing area, Coffee grading, introduction to Bird of Paradise Coffee

Papua New Guinea-the largest island country in the South Pacific and the second largest island in the world. Papua New Guinea (Independent State of Papua New Guinea, referred to as PNG), the western part of the country bordering Indonesia, belongs to Indonesia. Located in the eastern half of the country, Papua New Guinea has a typical island climate, with high temperature and humidity throughout the year, giving rise to a rich variety of animals and plants, a unique geographical location that forms the climate of the highland region, rich rainforests, and volcanic soil that adds a bit of color to the flavor of coffee. the overall elevation is 1200 to 2500 meters, which is an ideal area for growing coffee.

At the beginning of the 19th century, under the influence of the Maritime Silk Road, the British and Germans colonized Papua New Guinea and sold it to the Australian market as one of the exporters of coffee, opening the way to grow coffee. In the 1920s, the colonial fleet introduced Typica coffee from Jamaica, increasing the commercial coffee industry. Papua New Guinea Coffee, known as the "Little Blue Mountain", is world-famous.

According to current data, Typica, the oldest native variety in Ethiopia, is derived from the coffee bean variety to which Arabica belongs.

Agriculture in Papua New Guinea is an important part of the economy, mainly producing coffee, cocoa, coconut and palm oil. Most of the coffee is produced in five highland provinces:

Western Highlands (Western Highlands)

Eastern Highlands (Eastern Highlands)

Qinbu (Chimbu)

Morebe province (Morobe)

East Sepik province (East Sepik)

Eastern province: coffee cultivation is most famous in Arona and Purosa estates, with an elevation of 400-1900m

Western provinces: the Wahig Valley of Hagen Mountain, located in Mount Hagen, is famous for its coffee quality under the influence of fertile volcanic soil, and the famous Sigri Manor comes from this Wahig valley.

In addition, in addition to the above two major provinces that mainly produce Typica, coffee beans are also grown in other areas with poor quality, most of which are mainly robusta beans. Robusta coffee is of poor quality, darker, more bitter, and has a general flavor, which is mainly used in the production of instant coffee.

About 85% of the total coffee production in Papua New Guinea is cultivated under the smallholder model, which will join the local cooperative and share the cooperative's processing equipment. Although it is bordered by Indonesia, because the variety of coffee is different from that of Indonesia, the elevation is generally higher than that of other Indonesian producing areas, such as Sumatra, and the different treatment methods are one of the reasons for the difference in bean flavor. Different from the smelly and low flavor of traditional Indonesian coffee beans, the fine beans grown by Papua New Guinea are generally washed, whether made into a single product, hand-made or Italian, which can bring a long texture, sweet and sour balance, and full taste, which is similar to the flavor of South American coffee beans.

Affected by the climate, the harvest season of coffee on the island is from April to September every year. After harvesting the ripe red coffee cherries, the cherries are sent to the manor's own washing plant for treatment. After cleaning, the raw beans are removed from the shell and then graded.

PNG's coffee bean grading system, which does not simply measure the size of coffee beans as in other countries (such as Kenya or Colombia), also includes the shape, color, cup quality and defects of coffee beans. Coffee beans exported are graded according to quality, and the grades from high to low are: AA, A, X, PSC and Y.

The first three are given the name of manor coffee; the latter two are small farmer coffee, of which PSC is high quality small farmer coffee (Premium Smallholder Coffee)