Detailed explanation of common coffee varieties in global coffee producing areas (Part 2)

With the continuous development of the coffee industry, coffee varieties have given birth to many new coffee varieties through transplantation, mutation and hybridization. At present, many coffee varieties are descended from iron pickup and bourbon varieties.

Kaddura Caturra

The name "Caturra" of Kaddura comes from Guarani, which means "small". It is all because the variety is a natural mutation of the Bourbon variety, and because it is a single gene mutation, the whole plant is shorter and shorter than the bourbon. But the distance between the branches on the trunk is small, so the branches and leaves will be thicker and the fruit will gather closely.

In addition, Kaddura also has a bourbon resemblance, that is, leaves, all have wavy edges and parietal leaves are all green. Coffee cherry is also round, the fruit is mainly red, there will also be yellow, coffee beans are uniform in size, oval. Thanks to the short plant, it can be planted densely, and the yield is high, so it is suitable for planting at high altitude, but it is vulnerable to coffee diseases and pests.

Around the beginning of the 20th century, Kaddura varieties were discovered in a botanical garden in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais and then sent to the Sao Paulo State Agricultural Research Institute (IAC) in Campinas for research. Because Brazil's growth conditions are not suitable for Kaddura, but because of its intensive cultivation and high yield, it was introduced by Guatemala in the 1940s and later introduced to American countries such as Costa Rica, Colombia, Honduras and Panama. it is now one of the most important coffee in Central America and is often used as a "benchmark" for testing new coffee varieties.

Front Street Coffee has a washed Colombian Cymbidium Coffee. As an entry-level selection, it has slightly soft acidity, with nutty, dark chocolate and caramel flavors, and is well-balanced and sweet.

Kaduai Catuai

The name "Catuai" of Kadouai also comes from Guarani, which means "very good" and was originally called "Hmur2077". The Sao Paulo State Agricultural Research Institute (IAC) in Campinas, Brazil, uses artificial hybrids of Mundo Novo and Yellow Caturra, while Mundo Novo is a natural cross between Bourbon and Typica.

Therefore, Kaduai inherits its characteristics, such as small tree shape, dense branches, high yield, green leaf tip color, slightly curved leaf edges, tight fruit, mainly red fruit, average size of coffee beans and oval shape, but smaller than Kaddura, suitable for planting at high altitude, strong disaster resistance, but vulnerable to leaf rust.

Kaduai Catuai was released after pedigree selection in Brazil and widely cultivated in Brazil, followed by introduction in Central American countries such as Honduras, Guatemala and Costa Rica. Qianjie Coffee has a Kaduai coffee bean from Alida Manor, which is sun-treated. After brewing, it will smell a slight aroma of sun-treated wine, and the entrance will have the flavor of peach, raisin and orange. Caramel-like sweetness, taste like green tea, high cleanliness.

Katim Catimor

Caturra is a natural variety of Bourbon, while Timor is a hybrid of Arabica and Robusta. Katim Catimor is the first generation of F1 hybrid variety group from the hybridization between Timor species Timor and Kaddura Caturra, so Katim is not a variety, but a variety group with similar pedigree, which needs to be determined by breeding.

Katim Catimor inherited the characteristics of the two varieties, Katim's overall tree shape is small, has more branches, fruit nodes are dense, coffee beans are long, thick and large, slightly raised at both ends, and the leaf tip color is green. At the same time, it can be planted in lower altitude areas, because of Robusta pedigree, it is a little resistant to coffee leaf rust and has wide adaptability, but it is easily affected by fungal disease of Ojo de Gallo.

The birth of Katim is related to coffee leaf rust, which caused damage to many coffee producing countries in the 19th century. in order to deal with this disease, the Coffee Leaf Rust Research Center (CIFC) in Portugal developed Katim in the 1950s and distributed it to various countries for breeding and planting. It is currently grown in Yunnan, Honduras, El Salvador and Indonesia ("Ateng" is the local name for Katim).

The PWM Gold Manning of Qianjie Coffee is from the Aceh Gayo Mountains in North Sumatra. Using wet planing, it has the flavor of toast, pine, cocoa and light herbs. The palate is clean and balanced, with a sweet caramel finish.

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