Development trend of Yunnan small Coffee in the Future

In recent years, the coffee industry in Yunnan has developed rapidly. Yunnan coffee has grown from more than 300,000 mu in 2008 to more than 1.4 million mu at present. The output rose from about 30,000 tons to more than 80,000 tons in 2013. Yunnan coffee planting area and output accounted for more than 99% of China's coffee planting area and output.

Little is known about the arduous process behind the rapid rise of the coffee industry in Yunnan.

The price of coffee encountered a roller coaster.

Since 2012, the price of coffee in Yunnan has been affected by the decline of international coffee futures prices. in the past two years, Yunnan coffee has been hovering above and below the cost line of coffee production, the operation of coffee growers is poor, and it is difficult to protect the interests of farmers.

It is learned from the Yunnan Coffee Industry Association that in late March, Yunnan coffee harvest is coming to an end. It is gratifying that the purchase price of coffee has risen sharply, and it is sad that Yunnan coffee production has been greatly reduced.

According to reports, in February, coffee prices rose the most in 20 years: from 114 cents per pound on January 28, 2014 to 180 cents per pound on February 28, 2014. However, coffee production in Yunnan has fallen from an estimated 100000 tons to perhaps less than 60, 000 tons.

According to reports, at the end of January 2014, the price of Yunnan coffee rose rapidly with the recovery of international coffee futures prices, and the purchase price of Yunnan coffee also rose from about 13 yuan to about 25 yuan at present. In particular, in February 2014, the price of coffee recorded the largest monthly increase in international coffee in 20 years, and the purchase price of coffee in Yunnan also dropped to 22 yuan per kilogram from 26 yuan a week ago.

Second, some coffee producing countries in Central and South America are affected by coffee rust, and coffee production is expected to decrease. Third, coffee futures have been in the doldrums for a long time, and coffee futures speculators intend to raise coffee prices and activate the coffee futures market.

Experts believe that from the perspective of production and consumption, when coffee production is expected to decline, coffee supply may fall short of demand, and coffee prices will rise inevitably.

As for whether the price of coffee will rise again, or will continue to fall, the relevant person in charge of the Yunnan Coffee Industry Association believes that excluding other factors that affect the price, only from the perspective of production and consumption, coffee prices are expected to hover around 200 cents from March to May, if after May, coffee from Brazil, Central and South America and other countries and regions will enter the harvest period. When coffee production is expected to increase, flat or decrease, coffee futures prices will have a new trend, the output is high, the price is likely to decline, the output is flat, the price tends to be stable, the output is low, and the price may rise in varying degrees.

Coffee production fell

Statistics show that in 2013, Yunnan produced more than 80,000 tons of coffee, but the price of coffee was relatively low, and farmers and enterprises had no harvest. In 2014, the planting area of coffee increased to more than 1.4 million mu, and the production area increased to more than 700,000 mu. According to the original estimate of Yunnan Coffee Industry Association, the coffee output in this season should be about 100000 tons. However, as of March 20, 2014, the coffee harvest in Yunnan is coming to an end, but the coffee output is still less than 60,000 tons.

Hu Lu, deputy secretary general of the Yunnan Coffee Industry Association, said that in Baoshan Coffee, for example, coffee production in this harvest season was less than 50% of last year's, only about 9000 tons. Pu'er coffee production has also fallen by at least 30% from last year. It is very difficult for the total output of Yunnan coffee to exceed 60,000 tons this harvest season, that is to say, Yunnan coffee production has been reduced by more than 40%.

Yang Zhiqi, executive vice president of Yunnan Coffee Industry Association and chairman of Lingfeng Coffee, analyzed that there are three reasons for the substantial decrease in Yunnan coffee production in this harvest season: first, the coffee was affected by drought in the early harvest season; second, in the early stage of coffee maturity, the coffee price fell below the production cost price, and some farmers gave up harvesting, resulting in coffee fruit necrosis on the trees. Third, the cold injury for more than a week from December 15 to 22 last year caused a large area of coffee disaster in Yunnan; in the face of the triple disaster, Yunnan coffee output dropped from an estimated 100000 tons to less than 60, 000 tons.

The rapid rise of coffee industry

Wang Kuirong, director of the Agricultural Bureau of Lincang City, Yunnan Province, said: by the end of 2013, the coffee planting area in Lincang City had reached 554200 mu, making it the second largest coffee producing area in Yunnan.

"the altitude and latitude of Lincang are basically similar to those of Colombia, a big coffee country in the world, so it is more suitable for growing coffee in terms of climatic conditions. Of the other 24000 square kilometers, 1/3 are below 1300 meters above sea level, and these areas are more suitable for growing coffee, so there is great space and potential for Lincang to develop the coffee industry. "

Wang Kuirong said: at present, the mode of government-led, enterprise support and farmers' participation in Lincang City has led to the rapid development of the coffee industry, and introduced agricultural leading enterprises Lincang Lingfeng Coffee Industry Development Co., Ltd. and Lincang Hougu Coffee Co., Ltd., through the company + base + coffee planting professional cooperatives + farmers to promote the development of the coffee industry, with the support of the government and the guarantee of funds. Most farmers have adjusted their planting structure, opening up a new way for local farmers to shake off poverty and become rich.

Yang Zhiqi said: coffee did not produce in the first two years of planting. For this reason, Lingfeng Company actively explored and promoted the interplanting models such as "coffee + corn" and "coffee + beans", persisted in the combination of long and short, and realized the balance between coffee production and grain production, so as to solve the problem of people's income before coffee production.

Construction of coffee quality traceability system

In recent years, the coffee industry in Yunnan has developed rapidly, and the planting area and output are increasing continuously, but Yunnan coffee is rarely consumed at home and has been dominated by raw material exports, so it is difficult to drive the domestic coffee consumption in Yunnan. The imperfect development of industry and the lack of brand building are the key factors.

In this regard, Lingfeng Coffee, the largest coffee grower in China, is "registered permanent residence" for the coffee base, and the census registration work is expected to be completed by the end of April 2014. This is the first step for Lingfeng Coffee to launch the construction of "Lingfeng Coffee quality traceability system".

Yang Zhiqi, chairman of Lingfeng Coffee Company, said: "through the construction of coffee quality traceability system, consumers can clearly consume Yunnan coffee: what is the quality of coffee?" When will the coffee be planted? What kind of coffee is it? What kind of environment did you grow up in? Consumers can get accurate information about how to harvest, process, produce and transport. "

In the past, Yunnan coffee mainly exported raw materials, the traceability system of coffee product quality has not been established, Yunnan coffee has no way to achieve "high quality and high price", unified bean export, it is inevitable that some poor quality coffee has affected the image of Yunnan coffee.

At present, Lingfeng Coffee Company is exploring the establishment of a coffee quality traceability system with "production records, information searchable, flow traceability, accountability and product recall".

This move marks that Yunnan coffee has its own ID card when it enters the market.