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The key to reducing the risk of Parkinson's disease by drinking coffee lies in genes.

Published: 2026-05-19 Author: World Gafei

Last Updated: 2026/05/19, Dr. Hyde Haydeh Payami of the New York State Department of Health reported at the World Parkinson Congress (World Parkinson Congress) in Glasgow on September 29th that researchers had found a gene called GRIN2A. People with this gene can stimulate the protective effect of caffeine, so drink coffee.

Dr. Dr. Haydeh Payami of the New York State Department of Health reported on September 29 at the World Parkinson's Congress (World Parkinson Congress) in Glasgow, England, that researchers have found a gene called GRIN2A, which stimulates the protective effect of caffeine in people, so drinking coffee reduces the risk of Parkinson's disease. This also explains why some experimental drugs have no effect on Parkinson's patients in clinical trials, and the pharmaceutical industry is expected to use this discovery to develop experimental drugs against Parkinson's disease.

A team led by Dr. Hyde-Payami studied 4, 000 volunteers, half of whom had Parkinson's disease, scanned the subjects' genomes with a "ILLUMINA" gene chip, conducted a "whole-genome association study" and investigated the subjects' daily coffee drinking habits, and found that the GRIN2A gene stimulates caffeine, thereby reducing the risk of Parkinson's disease. 1/4 of the world's population carries the GRIN2A gene.

GRIN2A is associated with a compound called glutamate (glutamate), which is suspected of killing brain cells in people with Parkinson's disease. Glutamate is affected by another compound, adenosine (adenosine), and coffee interferes with this process. This explains why the "A2A adenylate receptor antagonist", which has been used in clinical trials of Parkinson's disease and other neurological diseases, does not work well. The key lies in the GRIN2A gene, which can only be effective in patients with the GRIN2A gene.

The medical community has long known that some people drink coffee to prevent Parkinson's disease, but the cause has not been understood. Now the answer is: it has something to do with genes. The discovery is of great significance for the development of drugs for Parkinson's disease.

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