History, cultivation, characteristics and varieties of Arabica

Arabica is deeply loved by Chinese people with a short history of coffee contact because of its strong fruity aroma. it was introduced to China by missionaries in the 19th century and widely planted in Panzhihua, Sichuan, and the dry-hot valley of the Jinsha River above 1000 meters in western Yunnan. The sunshine in this area lasts for a long time and there is a great temperature difference between day and night. The local people solve the problem of insufficient seasonal rainfall by diverting water up the mountain, resulting in a unique aroma of "Chinese coffee". Among them, Banpo coffee grown in Arabica in Panzhihua, Sichuan is the most. Compared with Yunnan and Hainan, Panzhihua in the dry-hot valley has longer sunshine, higher altitude, greater temperature difference, good light quality and more virgin land. it is a rare and most suitable area for growing Arabica coffee. Banpo coffee farmers take advantage of this advantage to adopt unique planting and processing technology: first, "do not land on the ground": from collecting coffee beans to processing into finished products, coffee has been kept free from soil and other sundries to ensure its taste and quality; second, "graded collection": since coffee beans are not uniform and mature, coffee beans of the same level are collected centrally rather than mixed together. Such as manual operation, the use of a large number of labor force to collect, classify and process. The coffee here is rich in aroma, sour and bitter, and fruity, very popular with consumers and favored by foreign coffee beverage giants. Bourbon species were introduced to America from Island of Bourbon (today's French island of Reunion Island of Reunion, located in the Indian Ocean east of Madagascar) by French immigrants in the 18th century, and are now widely cultivated in Brazil and other Western Hemisphere producing areas, as well as a small amount in Yunnan, China. The caffeine content of Bobang subspecies is 20% to 30% higher than that of Tibica subspecies, but less than most coffee subspecies. At first, the main branch and the trunk grew upward at 45 degrees, and drooped with the fruit load. The lateral branches and nodes are dense and knot.

There are many fruits and high yield, but the berries are smaller and mature faster, so they are not resistant to strong wind and heavy rain. Bourbon coffee is a variety of small-grain coffee second only to Tibica, with more fruit, higher yield, but smaller berries and slower ripening. The small-grain coffee grown in Yunnan, China is mainly Tibika and Bobang subspecies. From the botanical point of view of coffee, Yunnan small-grain coffee is genetically similar to the recognized best blue mountains in Jamaica (Jamaica Blue Mountain) and Kona in Hawaii.

Arabica (Arabica) and? Robusta is two different coffee varieties, which currently account for the vast majority of coffee bean production in the world. Arabica seed? Coffee and? Robusta? There are three main differences in coffee: 1. Differences in planting conditions. 2. The flavor and characteristics are different. 3. The difference between market price and use. Planting condition difference

Arabica? The planting conditions of coffee are harsh, requiring higher elevations (above 2000 meters above sea level), fertile soil fertility, adequate moisture, proper sunshine conditions and shade. Arabica? Coffee tree species have poor ability to resist diseases and insect pests and are easy to be damaged. In addition, the annual output of coffee trees per unit area is also relatively low. At the moment? Arabica? Growing coffee accounts for 75% of the world's coffee production, in these? Arabica? Of the coffee output, only 10% of the quality of Arabica coffee can be classified. Boutique coffee (Specialty coffee)? ? Robusta? Coffee is commonly known as? Thick beans can be grown at low elevations (200 to 800 meters above sea level). They are highly resistant to diseases and insect pests and are not vulnerable to agricultural diseases. coffee trees have a higher annual output per unit area and are harvested in large quantities by machine. generally speaking, the cost of production is much lower than that of Arabica coffee.