coffee culture| Ten coffee drinking habits around the world

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Since the advent of coffee, people have been drinking coffee in a variety of different ways, and these methods have later spread around the world, showing different characteristics. There is already a complete set of rituals for brewing coffee, and this ritual creates different tastes, aromas and experiences according to different local cultures. What is surprising about the rise of espresso is that although Italy is the birthplace of espresso, its per capita coffee consumption is only about the 10th in the world, and this country is also one of the major exporters of roasted coffee beans. The following also sorts out where, how and when coffee is drunk around the world:

Istanbul

From the Ottoman Turkish Empire to modern times, the ritual of drinking and making coffee is an indispensable part of social relations, which is not only inseparable from the concept of hospitality, but also has a place in religious and political circles. Coffee was served at the Ottoman Palace at the beginning of the century when weddings or anniversaries were celebrated. At that time, the "coffee maker" needed the assistance of several assistants to brew coffee for the Sultan in a gorgeous and performing manner, while the young women learned the skill of brewing coffee, then brought the black drink to their husbands, and judged their value according to the flavor of the coffee. Today, coffee is still very important in Turkish social and political circles. Although the grand ceremonies of ancient times have been almost forgotten, there are still two customs that have spread to this day:

The fiancee must make coffee for her future husband's family (take the opportunity to be nice to her husband's family to avoid an unhappy marriage in the future).

Coffee grounds are fortune tellers to detect the secrets and evils of friends and enemies.

Then there is the way to cook coffee. To make Turkish coffee, all you need is a pot with a handle and a long spoon. The coffee made in this way is very similar to the espresso we are familiar with. The coffee is small and strong, but the bitter and astringent taste is not as strong as the espresso brewed under pressure. Turks like coffee with a thick layer of foam, so it is so important not to stir and boil too much when cooking.

Naples

The city has thousands of faces and has a deep relationship with coffee. It is also the most coffee-loving city in the world. Philip's theatre, Pinot. Darnell's songs and street urchins. Going to a cafe in Naples is like entering a temple. The espresso here uses a pressure bar espresso machine to make real espresso.

Naples coffee achieves a delicate balance between low consistency and full flavor. Most families make coffee in a Naples-style coffee pot (cuccumella), which is divided into two metal parts, with a spout on the top, and the filter basket used to hold coffee powder is attached to the cylinder between the upper and lower layers. It takes great skill to use this kind of pot: first fill the part without a spout with water, stack the top layer on top and bring the water to a boil. After the water boils, turn off the fire and turn the whole coffee pot over (a 'capo soot). The coffee can be poured into the cup after about three minutes.

Vienna

Coffee is particularly important in social life in Vienna. There are many local cafes that can meet the needs of all walks of life. People go to cafes not only to keep warm with a cup of coffee, but also to talk in a comfortable environment. Regular customers still follow in the footsteps of their ancestors and abide by an old Vienna saying: "God gives us time, but he doesn't tell us to be in a hurry." "and" killing time "has become part of the natural rhythm of life in Vienna, and it is the art that is least affected by the crazy pace of modern life. It is said that a good cup of coffee should be "as dark as night, as sweet as love, as hot as hell", which is the favorite taste of Arabs. Since ancient times, the Viennese have invented about 50 ways to make and enjoy coffee, but it must be accompanied by a piece of cake and newspaper anyway.

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A typical German morning starts with a cup of hot coffee and a big breakfast. In Germany, coffee is always associated with happy, pleasant and relaxed occasions, so people often drink coffee after dinner and often invite friends to have a Kaffeeklatsch at home around 5 p.m., which is a wonderful phenomenon recently. Local coffee is traditionally brewed by drip filtration, but recently espresso has become popular, gradually replacing the ubiquitous cream with milk.

Amsterdam

Drinking coffee in a pleasant environment is part of social activity, and the Dutch attach great importance to it, mostly having coffee with friends around 10:00 in the morning, while having an espresso machine and all its accessories at home has almost become a status symbol.

In the habit of drinking coffee, drip coffee is usually used, but more and more people have espresso machines. When brewing coffee, use a drip coffee pot to heat the water and wait until the water temperature is high enough to pour the hot water into a filter cup containing coffee powder. The Dutch pay great attention to brewing and serving coffee. Coffee milk (Koffie verkeed) is a typical Dutch coffee, which is filled with coffee in a large mug and added with milk, and is usually served with cakes or cakes (such as the traditional apple tower).

Oslo and Stockholm

One of the anecdotes in the history of coffee happened in this area. In Sweden in the 18th century, with the gradual expansion of the lineup of the two tit-for-tat factions, the tea group and the coffee group, the two sides became more and more excited. in view of the growing heat of the conflict, King Gustav II decided to conduct an experiment to prove which drink is better once and for all. It is said that twins were detained in the royal dungeon, and the king ordered one of them to drink tea for life, while the other drank only coffee. Interestingly, the people who took part in the experiment, including the king, doctors and assistants, died earlier than the twins. The twins, who were forced to drink tea, went first at the age of about 83. His brother lived to be a hundred years old, so Coffee won a completely symbolic victory.

Black coffee without milk or sugar is the most common way to drink in Norway. In addition to brewing in a traditional metal pot, trickle coffee is also becoming more and more popular. Here, as in other countries, more and more people drink coffee in cafes and bars, which often introduce coffee types that are less familiar to locals, such as espresso and cappuccino.

Paris

From the 17th to 19th centuries, anyone who could be called an intellectual would go to the popular Paris Cafe. Espresso is common in bars and restaurants, especially in the north, where espresso is accepted earlier than in Italy. In Paris, drip coffee is the best companion for French breakfast with croissants or baguettes. After lunch, drink a cup of coffee without milk. Then there is roasted coffee, a variety of coffee beans with different intensities and irritations, which are dazzling and attract coffee lovers like magnets.

London

Britons consume very little coffee, and they drink coffee only to make themselves more awake and energetic. In order to ensure that they can drink good coffee, coffee lovers usually bring their own coffee to work in an thermos cup. There are always many small coffee cups in their cupboards, but not for sipping and contemplation, but to symbolize the lively, comfortable and tight-paced life of the British. Although coffee consumption in Britain is on the rise, tea is still their national drink.

New York

The most common thing in American albums is that the first cup of coffee in the morning must be classic drip coffee. In addition, some people make coffee in a percolation coffee pot, drink it in a mug, or pair it with a muffin cake. Business people often walk along the street dodging cars with a large cup of hot morning coffee in their hands. In New York and most parts of the United States, drinking coffee reflects the "anything" character of Americans, where you can try manor coffee, organic coffee and experience special aromas. Americans usually drink coffee after dinner on weekends, but they usually don't have this habit.

Tokyo

Ancient oriental philosophers attached great importance to calmness and thinking, but now Tokyo people ignore the teachings of ancient people and live a non-stop life. Coffee also reflects these phenomena. Most people in Tokyo drink instant coffee. In Japanese culture, coffee is mostly seen as a refreshing drink, and iced coffee packaged in cans or small plastic bottles can be bought in bars or ubiquitous vending machines. Japan is also one of the largest consumers of canned coffee in the world.