The price of Yunnan Pu'er coffee shows a fluctuating downward trend in 2018. High-quality coffee beans are more "anti-falling".

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Since the base period (November 3, 2017), the Xinhua Yunnan (Pu'er) coffee composite price index has shown a fluctuating downward trend. On October 12, 2018, the index was at 812.69 points, down 3.59 points from the previous period and 187.31 points, or 18.73%, from the base period (1000 points).

The analysis shows that the decline in the price of coffee in China is mainly affected by the price drop in the international coffee market. Brazil, the largest coffee producer in the world, achieved a bumper harvest in the 2017 / 2018 coffee season, resulting in an oversupply in the international market. Coupled with factors such as capital speculation in the futures market, bad news was transmitted to the domestic coffee market, which seriously suppressed the floating space of domestic coffee bean prices. In addition, companies such as Starbucks have slashed purchases since the 2017 / 2018 coffee season, once again squeezing the room for higher coffee prices.

Zhang Guohua, vice governor of Yunnan Province, said at a press conference that Yunnan currently accounts for more than 98% of the country's coffee acreage and total output, and is the largest coffee grower, trade distribution center and export center in China. The development of coffee industry urgently needs to formulate a set of price index system with strong authority, wide influence and high fairness, which reflects the sunshine, rain and wind direction of the changing trend of coffee industry by providing true, sensitive and systematic price information. in order to strengthen the foresight ability of policy planning and the early warning ability of market operation, and promote the stable and healthy development of the industry. The release of coffee price index will effectively promote the extension and upgrading of Yunnan coffee industry chain and accurate poverty alleviation of the industry.

It is understood that the index sample selected raw coffee beans, covering the five main coffee producing areas of Pu'er, Dehong, Baoshan, Lincang and Xishuangbanna in Yunnan Province.

In addition, the operation results show that the premium space of high-quality coffee beans is large, and the anti-falling ability is strong. Compared with the base period, on October 12, the price of boutique secondary coffee beans rose slightly by 3.72%, while other varieties fell by more than 10%, of which commercial grade III and below coffee beans fell by more than 25%.

This means that cultivating high-quality coffee beans is the direction of industrial development in the future. Although the market share of high-quality coffee beans is relatively small at the present stage, under the condition that the pricing of commercial-grade coffee beans is basically subject to international futures prices, cultivating high-quality coffee beans, getting rid of the inhibition of futures prices, and expanding the profit space of farmers and enterprises is the direction of industrial development in the future.

Zhang Guo, deputy director of the Information Center of the Ministry of Agriculture, said that at present, a series of price indexes of characteristic agricultural products are being actively planned, developed, popularized and applied, and the index is really used to guide the optimization of industrial layout, encourage the improvement of product quality, improve the price formation mechanism, and upgrade the whole industry chain.

Centering on the development and application of the price index of agricultural products, Zhang Guo suggested that, first, promote the formation of effective market supply through the price transmission mechanism, and force characteristic industries to develop towards greening, standardization, and branding; second, optimize the market pricing mechanism for characteristic agricultural products, ensure the true, timely and effective market information, smooth the connection between production and marketing, achieve high quality and high price, and enhance the added value of characteristic agricultural products.

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