Spring is coming, "three high people" should not drink coffee, strong tea and hot Qiao?

With the arrival of spring in the meteorological sense of Shencheng, "spring poverty" began to become an "epidemic" again. To cope with the drowsiness under the warm sun and flowers, many people turn to coffee, tea or hot chocolate drinks. Recently, however, there is a saying on the Internet that "three high" people should not improve by drinking drinks containing caffeine, theophylline or theobromine, otherwise it will cause cerebral vasoconstriction and increase the risk of stroke; on the contrary, another theory is that coffee, tea, hot cocoa and other drinks are rich in antioxidants, which are good for people at high risk of stroke. The two statements are diametrically opposed, leaving the public at a loss as to what to do.

What kind of assertion should I believe? And listen to the analysis of Professor Liu Xueyuan, director of the Stroke Center of the Ten Hospital and a well-known expert on cerebrovascular diseases.

Patient: coffee, tea and hot chocolate all have refreshing effects. What is the biochemical basis for them to exert this physiological effect?

Liu Xueyuan: caffeine and theobromine, both of which are exciting substances, stimulate the brain to produce serotonin and endorphins, which are exhilarating / comfortable. Chocolate is also rich in phenylethylamine and magnesium, which can regulate people's mood and make people feel happy.

Patient: can people at high risk of stroke, such as "San Gao", drink the above three drinks?

Liu Xueyuan: there is nothing wrong with drinking it properly. Coffee can increase high-density cholesterol, accelerate the metabolism of bad cholesterol, reduce atherosis of coronary arteries, and reduce the risk of stroke. The linoleic acid in coffee can help eliminate blood clots, enhance the contractility of blood vessels, and promote venous reflux. Caffeine has the effects of inhibiting lipid peroxidation, anticoagulation, promoting fibrinolysis, anti-platelet aggregation, lowering blood pressure, lowering blood lipids, preventing and treating atherosclerosis, protecting myocardium and so on. Thus, it can adjust a variety of indexes in the blood and improve the cardio-cerebrovascular system, which will contribute to the prevention and treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Drinking coffee not only does not increase the risk of diabetes, but also helps people reduce the risk of diabetes, but the elderly have a poor tolerance to sugar, and drinking coffee can lead to an increase in blood sugar, coupled with sugar in the coffee. this is more likely to cause metabolic disorders and induce diabetes. At the same time, too much sugar will also lead to weight gain. Elderly people with diabetes should not put sugar in their coffee.

Patient: if you can drink it, what kind of degree should you grasp? No more than a few cups (how many milliliters) a day? How much is the concentration?

Liu Xueyuan: the average adult's daily caffeine intake should be limited to 300 mg, that is, no more than 3 cups of coffee a day. Of course, the daily consumption of coffee varies with different concentrations of coffee. For example, Starbucks large coffee (12 ounces) contains 260 mg of caffeine, while ordinary instant coffee (8 oz) contains 55 mg. Drinking more than 300 mg of caffeine at a time will lead to toxic symptoms, such as irritability, nervousness, irritation, insomnia, blush and so on. Some people have these symptoms when they take less than 250 milligrams a day, so the amount of drinking varies from person to person.

Patient: there are two kinds of coffee that people drink: freshly ground coffee and instant coffee. It is said that only the former is rich in antioxidants, which is good for people at high risk of stroke. What do neurologists think?

Liu Xueyuan: freshly ground coffee and instant coffee are different in production process, so the contents of antioxidants and caffeine are also different. The former has higher content of antioxidants.

Patient: what kind of tea is suitable for people at high risk of stroke? Green tea, black tea, oolong tea, Pu'er tea, or matcha?

Liu Xueyuan: tea containing theaflavins and catechins can help clear blood vessels of free radicals, clear blood vessels, contain a variety of vitamins, can improve human resistance and immunity. The content of vitamin C in tea is high, up to 100-250 mg per 100 grams of green tea, and high-grade Longjing tea contains more than 360 mg. However, the content of vitamin C in black tea and oolong tea decreased due to the oxidation of vitamin C in the fermentation process. The higher the grade of green tea, the higher its nutritional value. If the human body drinks 10 grams of high-grade green tea every day, it will be able to meet the daily demand for vitamin C. Therefore, for people at high risk of stroke, drinking green tea is more recommended.

Patient: what are the rules for people at high risk of stroke to drink hot chocolate drinks?

Liu Xueyuan: typical hot chocolate is made from chocolate (or cocoa powder), milk and sugar. Chocolate contains theobromine and a small amount of caffeine, which are mild excitants that stimulate the brain to produce serotonin and endorphins, exhilarating and comfortable. Chocolate is rich in phenylethylamine and magnesium, which play an important role in mood regulation, so hot chocolate can not only refresh people, but also make people feel happy, drive away gray emotions and relieve stress. Hot chocolate is also a nutritious drink. It contains more minerals, vitamin B2 and polyphenols which are beneficial to human health, but the added sugar and milk also increase its calorie, high-quality protein and calcium content. Therefore, while drinking hot chocolate, we should pay attention to increase a certain amount of exercise. It is recommended to drink a small amount of fat / hyperlipidemia patients.