Conditions for growing coffee beans grow coffee at home

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Coffee is generally suitable for growing in places where the climate is warm, sunny and Rain Water is moderate (alternating wet and dry climate). The circular zone centered around the equator and between the north and south latitudes of 25 degrees is the natural growth area of coffee, which is usually called the coffee belt. 1. Humid, warm tropical and subtropical climate with no frost all the year round. Arabica coffee is not resistant to high temperature and humid climate and can not stay at a low temperature below 5 °C for a long time, so it is mostly planted on steep slopes at an altitude of 6-2000 meters above sea level. On the other hand, Robusta coffee is planted in lowlands 200-600 meters above sea level because of its strong adaptability. The average rainfall throughout the year is 1500-2000 mm. At the same time, the rainfall time should be in line with the flowering cycle of coffee trees. Flowering and young fruit stage are the most suitable for growth and development. 2. The annual average temperature is between 15 and 25 degrees Celsius, which must not be lower than 12 degrees Celsius. If the temperature is lower than 20 °C, it cannot grow normally. 15-24 ℃ is the ideal temperature for Arabica coffee, while Robusta is 24-30 ℃. There are more than 60 coffee producing countries in the world, most of which are located between the Tropic of Cancer (latitude 23 °26'). 3. Soil coffee is a shallow root crop, which requires loose, fertile soil with more than 60cm and good drainage. The soil suitable for growing coffee is fertile volcanic soil with enough moisture and moisture and rich in organic matter. The Ethiopian plateau is covered with this kind of volcanic weathered soil, so the soil rich in humus is naturally one of the basic conditions for growing coffee. 4. Topography and height it is generally believed that the coffee produced in the highlands is of better quality. Coffee-producing countries in Central America will take "elevation" as the grading standard because they have mountains crossing from the center of the continent. For example, SHB in Guatemala (abbreviated from the prefix Strictly Hard Bean), the highest of the seven grades is called SHB, indicating that its producing area is about 1370 meters above sea level. However, premium coffee such as "Blue Mountain" and "Hawaiian Kona" on the island of Jamaica are not harvested in the highlands. 5. Wind: coffee likes calm wind environment, typhoon and dry wind are disadvantageous to coffee growth and development. The wind force of more than 10 will blow down the plant, and the dry and hot wind will affect the flowering and fruiting. The wind in the hot area of Yunnan is relatively small, and the average wind speed is less than 1.5 meters per second, which is suitable for coffee habits. In some areas, there were several gusts in April and May at the turn of the drought and rainy season, which had little effect on coffee. 6. requirements for soil and water: the pH value is between 6 and 6.5. The soil fertility in Yunnan planting area is medium, and coffee grows well on lateritic red soil with pH 6-7 and reddish brown soil in dry-hot valley. 7. Illumination: coffee is a short-day plant, which is not tolerant to strong light and needs proper concealment. The requirement of concealment degree varies with different stages of growth and development and different varieties. At the same time, there are 3-4 hours of direct light every day, which has a good effect on the growth and fruiting of coffee. Small seed coffee is more light-resistant than medium-grain coffee, so the hidden problem of coffee should be adapted to local conditions. The growth of coffee trees is affected by many factors, including latitude, altitude, temperature, rainfall, sunshine, soil properties and farming methods used.