A brief introduction to the taste of Arabica coffee beans

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Introduction of Qianjie-Arabica Coffee varieties

We are familiar with two common varieties of coffee: Arabica and Robusta. The two varieties have many branches, such as the common tin card, bourbon, Kaddura, Kaduai and so on.

Arabica (Arabica): premium coffee beans with excellent flavor and aroma

Arabica is a representative variety of Ethiopia of origin, and it is also produced in South Africa, Africa, Asia and other countries, accounting for 70% to 75% of the world's coffee production. Arabica has weak resistance to diseases and insect pests, so the highland area is more suitable for cultivation, especially the quality of Arabica coffee beans produced in the highland above 1500 meters is the best.

The source of two ancient pure varieties of Arabica: iron pickup and bourbon.

Iron pickup / Typica

Iron pickup is the native species of all Arabica varieties. The iron pickup comes from southern Sudan and its ripe fruit is red. The yield of this variety is relatively low and its disease resistance is extremely poor, but its excellent cup test quality still makes it popular all over the world.

Iron card coffee: Rosa, Jamaica Blue Mountains, Kona, Hawaii, Elephant Bean, Sumatra Iron pickup (Manning)

Rose summer / Geisha

Rosa, with slightly slender fruits and leaves, is a genetic mutant of iron pickup and is native to the Rosa forest in southwestern Ethiopia. Rose seeds were shipped to Tanzania in the 1930s and to Costa Rica in the 1950s. After traveling to Panama in the 1960s, it took nearly half a century to become a blockbuster, beating the victorious armies of Bourbon, Kaddura, Kaduai, Tibica and other varieties to win the first prize of the Panamanian National Treasure Bean Cup Test Competition in 2005, 2006 and 2007. In 2007, the International famous Bean Cup Test sponsored by the American Fine Coffee Association (SCAA) won the championship again, and the bidding price was sold at US $130 per pound, setting a record for the highest price in the history of competition beans. Rosa is a member of the Tippika family, but it has become famous more than 70 years after leaving Ethiopia, fulfilling the saying that Ethiopia is a treasure trove of Arabica genes. Giving a variety to go abroad is enough to stir up trouble in the coffee market.

Geisha, which is grown in many parts of the world, is the new king of boutique coffee, with high quality and high prices in Latin American countries such as Panama, Guatemala and Colombia.

Rose summer has a remarkable and unique tropical fruit flavor, floral aroma, citrus and tea characteristics.

Blue Mountain / Bule Mountain

The Ironpika species from the Blue Mountains in the eastern part of Jamaica is named Blue Mountains because the mountains are surrounded by the Caribbean Sea, when the sun shines directly on the blue sea on sunny days, and the peaks reflect the bright blue light of the sea. The highest peak of the Blue Mountains, which is 2256 meters above sea level, is the highest peak in the Caribbean and a famous tourist attraction. Located in the earthquake zone, with fertile volcanic soil, fresh air, no pollution, humid climate, foggy and rainy all the year round (the average precipitation is 1980 mm, the temperature is around 27 degrees), such a climate has created the world-famous Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee and the second most expensive coffee in the world.

Blue Mountain Coffee has all the characteristics of high-quality coffee, not only full-bodied and mellow, but also because of the perfect combination of sweet, sour and bitter coffee, it has no bitter taste at all, only a moderate and perfect sour taste.

Kona, Hawaii / Kona

Kona is an ancient and pure Arabica tin card coffee, produced in the western and southern part of the Kona region of Hawaii Island, coffee trees are scattered in the volcanic slopes of Hualalai and MaunaLoa, where the elevation is 150m ~ 750m, the soil fertility of volcanic ash is high, the morning sun coincides well with the afternoon floating cloud shade conditions, frost-free throughout the year, just suitable for coffee growth.

The best Kona coffee is divided into three grades: ExtraFancy, Fancy and NumberOne. In terms of flavor, Kona coffee beans are similar to Central American coffee, with cinnamon flavor and moderate acidity.

Elephant bean / Maragogype

Tibica's most famous variety of beans was first discovered in 1870 in the Maragogype bean-producing area of the state of Bahia in northeastern Brazil. The bean body is at least three times larger than the average Arabica, hence the name. The taste of elephant bean is poor in low altitude area, but it has better flavor at high altitude, mild sour taste and sweet fragrance.

Sumatra Iron pickup (Manning)

Mantenin is produced in Sumatra, Indonesia, Asia. The ancient tin card coffee is full-bodied, fragrant and mellow, and its acidity is mild and introverted.

New World / Mundo Novo

The natural mixture of bourbon and Sumatra Tibica was first found in Brazil. Because of its high yield and resistance to diseases and insect pests, it was widely planted in Brazil in the 1950s and was praised as the new hope of the Brazilian coffee industry, but the trees were tall and difficult to harvest.

Knowledge expansion: Arabica is mainly used in individual or boutique coffee. From the perspective of coffee culture or genetics, bourbon and Tibica are the two most important branches of Arabica coffee.

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