What is the grade of Arabica coffee beans? know that Rosa coffee belongs to Arabica? flavor and taste characteristics

All animals and plants in the world are related to species and varieties, and so is coffee. At present, the coffee varieties used for commercial cultivation are divided into three main categories: Arabica (small grain coffee), Robusta (medium grain coffee) and Liberica (large grain coffee), of which Arabica and Robsta are the most common.

Robusta is often used in Italian blending and instant coffee making because of its low, heavy coffee flavor and high caffeine content. Arabica coffee originates from Ethiopia in Africa. It has a pure flavor, rich aroma, elegant and popular. Dozens of coffee beans on the daily bean list on Qianjie belong to Arabica.

Cultivation of Arabica Coffee

Arabica coffee has higher requirements for the planting environment, it needs to grow in 800-2000 meters and frost-free high ground, mostly on the coffee belt between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Cancer. The higher the altitude, the better the quality of Arabica coffee. Countries such as Ethiopia, Panama, Colombia and Brazil are famous Arabica coffee producers.

We can notice that Robusta mainly comes from coffee producing areas that pursue production, such as Indonesia and Vietnam. Luobusta itself contains high chlorogenic acid, which is not easy to be affected by insect pests and climate. It is generally planted in a low altitude environment, with high yield and fast fruit ripening. On the other hand, the "picky" Arabica species have weak disease resistance and relatively low yield per plant, and a significant temperature difference between day and night is formed in the high altitude environment, which delays the ripening period of coffee fruit and enables coffee cherries to absorb more nutrients and form a richer aroma. The microclimate of each coffee producing area provides a variety of growth conditions for Arabica, forming a unique flavor and taste.

Accordingly, Arabica coffee grown at high altitude also makes it more difficult to manage and harvest, and the production cost is greatly increased. High-quality Arabica coffee needs manual picking, selection, processing and other links in order to produce coffee beans of high quality and exquisite flavor. For example, our familiar Blue Mountain Coffee, Panamanian Rose Summer Coffee and Ethiopian Yega Sheffield Coffee are all very high-quality Arabica coffee.

What are the varieties of Arabica?

There are many subspecies of Arabica, all derived from the ancient tin card varieties and bourbon varieties. Here is a brief introduction to some of the most common Arabica varieties and the flavor of coffee beans.

Iron pickup Typica

The oldest native variety in Ethiopia, all Arabica are derived from iron pickups. The parietal leaf of the iron pickup is bronzed and the bean body is oval or thin in shape. Iron pickup has elegant sour fragrance, but its physique is weak, so it is vulnerable to leaf rust and produces less fruit. The world-famous Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee is a kind of iron pickup.

It has been more than 200 years since iron pickup was introduced to Blue Mountain in the 18th century, and the iron pickup of Blue Mountain has also adapted to the local island type and evolved a better ability of disease resistance, among which the coffee berry disease will be much stronger than the general tin card. Qianjie believes that the delicate and clean flavor of Blue Mountain is inseparable from Jamaica's careful cultivation of tin card varieties.

Front Street Coffee: Jamaica Blue Mountain one Coffee Bean

Producing area: the Blue Mountains of Jamaica

Altitude: 1310m

Treatment: washing

Variety: iron pickup

Flavor: chocolate nut cream cocoa

Bourbon Bourbon

Bourbon comes from the natural mutation of the iron pickup, the bean-shaped thin point turns into a round body, which was first found on the island of Bourbon and Reunion on the east coast of Africa. It was named bourbon in 1715 after France transplanted round beans from Yemeni mocha to the island of Bourbon on the east coast of Africa (renamed Reunion after the French Revolution). Bourbon round beans were introduced to Brazil in 1727. Because the plants can be planted intensively, the results are relatively high, and the yield is 20% higher than that of iron pickup.

Most of the Brazilian coffee has a low sour taste, coupled with the mellow aroma of the coffee, the entrance is extremely smooth, and the aftertaste can make people comfortable and pleasant. Qianjie Coffee chose a half-sun red bourbon coffee as the representative of Brazil, coffee flavor with obvious nuts and chocolate, medium caramel sweetness, smooth taste, overall balance. Qianjie will add it to the rations bean series, Qianjie rations beans is the facade of each large producing area, showing the basic flavor of the producing area, coffee entry-level players can understand the basic flavor of the producing area, and then according to their own favorite choice in-depth understanding of different types of producing areas.

Front Street Coffee: Brazilian Hilado Coffee beans

Producing area: Syrador, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Altitude: 1000 m

Variety: red bourbon

Treatment: half-sun

Flavor: nut chocolate cream peanut caramel

Rose summer Geisha

Friends who often drink hand-made coffee must have heard of Panamanian Rosa Coffee, which is synonymous with contemporary boutique coffee because of its amazing aroma. The rose variety is derived from iron pickup and is also produced in Ethiopia, the birthplace of coffee. Unlike other coffee varieties, the foliar system of Rosa coffee tree is very thin, that is to say, the efficiency of photosynthesis is very low, the root is still very fragile, and the absorption of water and nutrients is very slow, so the yield of coffee is very low. coupled with the high altitude growth environment, the fruit ripens later.

At present, Rosa Rosa has been planted in many parts of the world, and it is the new king of boutique coffee, among which Panama, Guatemala, Colombia and other Latin American countries have higher quality, and Panamanian Rosa is the leader in boutique coffee. When it comes to rose summer coffee, of course, the most popular coffee on the Qianjie bean list is the rose summer coffee produced by the famous jadeite manor, which is divided into red rose summer, green rose summer and volcanic rose summer according to different characteristics.

Qianjie Coffee: red rose summer coffee beans

Producing area: Pokuit producing area

Manor: Emerald Manor Kannas Viders

Altitude: 1700 + m

Variety: Rose summer

Treatment: sun treatment

Flavor: citrus compound fruit rose tea honey

Kaddura Caturra

Kaddura, a natural mutation from bourbon, was discovered in Brazil in 1937. The tree shape is relatively short and the disease resistance is not high, but because it can be planted intensively, the fruit hanging rate is higher, so the yield is higher than that of bourbon and other varieties. Kaddura is widely grown in Central American countries. Kaddura is a winner in many coffee competitions because of its bright acidity, fruity taste, chocolate and sweet nuts after medium-to-deep baking. Many coffee beans on the Qianjie bean list contain Kaddura varieties. If you want to know the flavor characteristics of this variety, Qianjie recommends Colombian rations beans, which are selected from the washed Kaddura variety with high cleanliness.

Front Street Coffee: Columbia Huilan Coffee beans

Producing area: Cymbidium Colombians

Altitude: 1500-1800 m

Variety: Kaddura

Treatment: washing treatment

Flavor: nuts, dark chocolate, caramel, soft fruit acid

Arabica has many excellent varieties, and Qianjie can not be listed one by one. In addition to the most common varieties mentioned above, there are Kaduai, New World, Pacas, SL28, SL34. They are all Arabica varieties with varied flavors. Now Arabica coffee varieties are widely cultivated all over the world, Arabica coffee is considered to be the best quality coffee beans, we can also notice that the quality of Arabica coffee varieties on the market will be higher and higher.

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