Which three types of coffee beans include Arabica coffee beans with rich aroma and high acid quality

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Arabica species account for about 70% of the world's coffee production, and most of the coffee beans we call "raw beans" in daily life are Arabica varieties. Arabica coffee is considered to be synonymous with premium coffee beans because of its charming aroma and rich flavor. The characteristics of this kind of coffee are closely related to its cultivation environment.

The plateau of Ethiopia is the origin of Arabica species, perhaps the origin of Arabica species is near the equator, it is neither heat-resistant nor cold-resistant, and can be cultivated only when the annual average temperature is kept at 15-25 ℃.

The equatorial circle is the only region with stable temperatures regardless of the four seasons. But the average temperature in this area is so high that it is difficult to grow directly on the ground. Therefore, coffee is cultivated in the plateau by using the principle that the temperature decreases by 1 ℃ for every 100m above sea level. For example, in the equatorial region with an average annual temperature of 40 ℃, the temperature can be maintained at about 25 ℃ on the plateau at an altitude of 1500m. Only in this place can coffee grow.

In addition, the average temperature in the plateau is about 25 ℃, but there is a large temperature difference between day and night, which has a close impact on plant photosynthesis and respiration.

In the daytime, the temperature is high, the sunshine is strong, the photosynthesis is very active, can form a lot of glucose and other good ingredients, on the contrary, the temperature drops sharply at night, relatively reducing respiration, such cultivation conditions, more highlighted the characteristics of Arabica species, making the fragrance more rich and complex, producing high-quality sour taste. It is the same principle that vegetables at high altitude and cold ground taste crisp and sweeter than ordinary vegetables.

Arabica raw beans are flat in shape, with almost no gap in the bending of the central line. Looking at the winding curve from the side, it feels slightly moist and soft.

The Robusta species was first found in the Congo. Compared with Arabica species, they are resistant to high temperature and heat, and can be planted at low elevations, where plant respiration is more active than photosynthesis. In this plain plant, some of the sugars and other components produced by photosynthesis are consumed in the formation of coffee aroma and taste, and most of them in the formation of plant root and branch tissue. Such cultivation conditions make Robusta beans have inherent characteristics.

Compared with Arabica species, Robusta species has a lighter aroma and a more bitter taste than sour taste. Extract this newly baked Robusta grown coffee beans, emitting a delicious flavor of corn tea, mellow, thickness are very strong.

Robusta is usually used to make bottled coffee and drink instant coffee. The main reason is that compared with Arabica, the price is relatively low. In addition, it has a lot to do with Robusta's bitter taste and good texture. Robusta coffee itself has a very good texture and may lose some of its aroma during processing, but it can be made up by adding some coffee that can enhance the aroma, which can also reflect the freshness of the coffee. It is also used for the blending of espresso. Robusta can extract rich coffee and high-quality oils even if it is roasted lightly.

Nowadays, it is difficult for consumers to buy good robusta beans, because most robusta beans are produced in large quantities into instant coffee, and most of the robusta beans in circulation are low-quality, low-priced raw beans. Because of this, robusta beans are often misunderstood as low-grade coffee beans.

Robusta beans are fuller than Arabica beans, the central line is split vertically, is usually flat or raised in the middle from the side, feels harder than Arabica beans and feels like pebbles.

Libyan species, that is, large-grained species. Evergreen tree native to Libya in Africa. The fruit is large, oblong, the seed coat is close to the kernel, scarlet when ripe, strong flavor, medium caffeine content, strong irritation and poor quality. The cultivated area is small.

Knowledge: high-altitude planting areas are all 4000 to 6000 feet above sea level. The planting temperature needs a temperature climate between 15 degrees and 25 degrees, and the annual rainfall must reach 1500 mm to 2000 mm. At the same time, the rainfall time should be in line with the flowering cycle of coffee trees.

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