Comprehensive data of small seed Coffee in Simao, Yunnan

Coffee is an advantageous and characteristic industry in the hot area of our city, and it is also one of the main agricultural products that our city exports to earn foreign exchange. In order to standardize the production technology, product standards and marketing behavior of coffee industry in our city, and improve the standardization level of coffee industry, the comprehensive standard of Pu'er small seed coffee was compiled according to the requirements of GB/T1.1 and GB/T1.2.

This part defines the terms and definitions, fruit picking requirements, processing methods, technological requirements, packaging, marking, storage and transportation in the initial processing of small seed coffee.

This part uses the latest research results and practical experience of modern coffee science and technology as far as possible in the technical content, which can be used as the technical basis for the initial processing of small seed coffee. With the progress and development of science and technology, this part will continue to be revised.

This part is divided into recommended standards.

This part is proposed by Pu'er Coffee Industry Federation and is responsible for explanation.

This part is drafted by: Pu'er Coffee Industry Federation, Pu'er Coffee Test and demonstration Field, Yunnan Pu'er Beigui Coffee Co., Ltd.

The main drafters of this part: Li Guanghua, Li Zhongheng Xia Bing, Deng Jialu, Deng Jianping

Part 1: small seed coffee varieties

1 range

This part defines the source, characteristics, adaptability and cultivation requirements of coffee varieties.

This part is suitable for the identification of small seed coffee varieties.

2 normative citation documents

The provisions in the following documents become provisions of this section by reference to this section. All subsequent corrections (excluding corrigendum) or revisions of dated citation documents do not apply to this section, however, parties agreed in accordance with this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. The latest version of any undated reference file applies to this section.

GB/T 18007 Mustang 1999

Coffee and its products

Terminology

NY/T 358Mutual 1999

Coffee seed

DB/5300 B35032My89

Arabian small grain species

3 varieties

3.1Tiebika variety (C.arabica var.typica Craber)

3.1.1 Source

It is recorded that Ruili was introduced from Myanmar in 1914 and planted sporadically for a long time. It was introduced to Baoshan Lujiangba and other places for planting in the 1950s.

3.1.2 Features

The adult tree has conical shape, bronzed young leaves, long and narrow leaves, large berries, early maturity, nearly round fruit, and can not bear strong light, the fresh-to-dry ratio is 4.5 × 250 grams, and the 1000-grain weight of dried beans is 170,250 grams, with 6000 grains per kilogram.

3.1.3 adaptability

It is suitable to be planted in dry and hot areas with irrigation conditions, and rust, Fusarium, anthracnose and longicorn beetles are more serious in hot and humid areas.

3.2Bourbon variety (C.arabica var. Boubon Choussy)

3.2.1 Source

With Tibica.

3.2.2 Features

At the initial stage of branch growth, the angle between the branch and the trunk is 45 °, the leaves are wide, the tender leaves are light green, the fruit is nearly round, the berries are small, the ripening is slow, the light resistance, the fruiting is too much and premature and the degree of withered branch disease is not as heavy as Tibica, the fresh-to-dry ratio is 4.5 × 250 g, the 1000-grain weight of dried beans is 170 ~ 250 g, with 6000 grains per kg, and the product has a mellow smell and good drinking quality.

3.2.3 adaptability

It is suitable to be planted in dry and hot areas without shade, and rust, Fusarium, anthracnose and longicorn beetles are more serious in hot and humid areas.

3.3 S288

3.3.1 Source

The progeny S26 was bred by self-crossing between the natural hybrid of small seed and large seed coffee and Kent. China was introduced from India in 1963. The rust resistance test, adaptability observation, yield and product flavor determination were carried out by Yunnan Dehong Tropical Agricultural Science Research Institute, and popularized after passing the appraisal of the results in 1985.

3.3.2 Features

The tree is tower-shaped, the leaves are thick, long oval, the young leaves are bronzed, the berries are nearly round, the ratio of fresh to dry is 4.5 × 5, and the 1000-grain weight of dried beans is 160 ~ 250 grams, with 3400 ~ 5800 grains per kilogram.

3.3.3 adaptability

It is suitable for planting in various types of hot areas and has the ability to resist race 2 of coffee rust.

3.4 Katimo series varieties

3.4.1 Cartimo 7963 (Catimor CIFC7963)

3.4.1.1 Source

It was bred by the Portuguese International Coffee Rust Research Center (CIFC) by crossing Hibrido de Timor with Kaddura (Caturra) and then backcrossing many times.

Yunnan Dehong Tropical Agricultural Science Research Institute was introduced from CIFC in March 1988. after adaptive cultivation experiment, it was popularized after passing the appraisal of the results in November 1995.

DB53/T 154.1-2006

3.4.1.2 Features

The tree type is cylindrical, the plant is short, the leaf color is dark green, the leaf is thick, the branches are dense, the internodes are short, the berries are nearly round, the ratio of fresh to dry is 5: 5.5, and the 1000-grain weight of dried beans is 160 × 200 grams, with 6000 grains per kilogram. Coffee granules are smaller and commercial competition is weak.

3.4.1.3 adaptability and stress resistance

It is suitable for planting in various types of hot areas, is more resistant to drought, has good resistance to coffee camel rust, and longicorn beetles are less harmful.

3.4.2 Katimo P series varieties

3.4.2.1 Source

From Portugal, Nestle Agronomy Department introduced Pu'er in 1990.

3.4.2.2 Features

The tree type is columnar, the plant is short, the internodes are short, the leaf color is dark green, the leaves are thick, the berries are nearly orchard-shaped, the ratio of fresh to dry is 5: 5.5: 1, and the 1000-grain weight of dried beans is 165: 210 grams, with 6000 grains per kilogram. The tender leaves of P1, P3 and Pt were bronzed, while those of P2 and P4 were light green.

3.4.2.3 adaptability and stress resistance

Suitable for planting in various types of hot areas, it is more resistant to drought, rust and bacterial blight, and has a large demand for water and fertilizer. P1, P2, P3 and Pt had poor cold resistance, while P4 had strong cold resistance.

3.5 T8667

3.5.1 Source

From Costa Rica.

3.5.2

Features.

The leaves are large, the branches are sparse, the young leaves are bronzed, the fruit is larger, the ratio of fresh to dry is 5.3, the yield is higher, and the ripening is slower.

3.5.3 adaptability and resistance

It is suitable for planting in all types of hot areas, has strong resistance to stress, has resistance to known physiological races of rust, and has a high demand for water and fertilizer.

3.6 T5175

3.6.1 Source

From Costa Rica.

3.6.2 Features

The tree type is compact, the leaf size is medium, the tender leaves are bronzed, the fruit size is uniform, the fresh-dry ratio is 4.7, the rotten fruit is less, the yield is higher, and the ripening is slower.

3.6.3 adaptability and resistance

It is suitable for planting in all types of hot areas, has strong resistance to stress, has resistance to known physiological races of rust, and has a high demand for water and fertilizer.

3.7 other varieties

The small seed coffee varieties grown in Pu'er also have dwarf card (C.arabica var. Short seed), Mexico 11 (C.arabica var. Mexico11), etc.

4 cultivation requirements

4.1 measures such as planting strong seedlings, fertilizing in deep ditches, reasonable close planting, and strengthening fertilizer and water management were adopted.

4.2 strengthen the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests and pay attention to pruning and shaping.