Introduction to high-quality coffee

The introduction of coffee

[scientific name]

The small seed is Coffea arabica L., the medium grain is Coffea canephora, and the large grain is Coffea liberica.

[alias]

Small seed species are also called Arabian species, medium seed species are also called Ganfla species, and large seed species are also called Liberian species.

There are two kinds of common: Arabica and Robusta.

[family and genus]

Coffea (Rubiaceae)

[ecological and biological characteristics]

Coffee is a shallow root crop, with all levels of branches and secondary branches, direct branches, stem growth has obvious apical dominance, straight stem; leaves opposite, individual trefoil, green, leathery, glossy, long oval or oval, leaf margin shape, leaf tip and leaf vein vary with variety lines and shaded conditions; flowers axillary, Cymes, pedicels short, white, fragrant The oval berry is red or purplish red when ripe. The shape of the navel (top) of the coffee fruit varies from variety to variety. Coffee has the characteristics of multiple flowering and concentrated florescence. Flowering is greatly affected by climate, especially rainfall and temperature. The time from flowering to ripening and the rate of development of coffee fruits vary with species.

The pH value of 6-6.5 is the most suitable for root development and plant growth in the soil with loose, fertile, deep soil layer and good drainage. In the process of phylogeny, habits such as quiet wind, warm and cool, shaded or semi-shaded, moist environment are formed.

[distribution at home and abroad]

Coffee is native to the tropical regions of northern and central Africa and has been cultivated for more than 2000 years. At present, the main coffee producing areas in the world are Latin America, Africa and Asia. According to statistics, coffee is cultivated in 76 countries in the world, and the main consumption areas are Europe and the United States. Coffee in China was first introduced in Taiwan in 1884. In 1908, overseas Chinese brought back large and medium seeds from Malaysia to Hainan Island. At present, the main cultivation areas are Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong and Hainan.

[effect]

Caffeine can be extracted and used in medicine as anesthetic stimulant, diuretic, cardiotonic agent, coffee pulp can make wine, vinegar, feed, fertilizer, fuel and so on. Coffee is one of the three major beverage crops in the world.