The spread of Coffee Coffee Culture of Coffee all over the World

The Discovery and spread of Coffee how was coffee discovered? When people taste mellow coffee, they can't help but ask such questions.

According to Roth de Neroy, a Roman linguist, around the sixth century AD, an Arab shepherd named Caldai was very excited and excited to see every goat when he went to graze on the grasslands of Ethiopia. This made him very strange. After careful observation, he found that the sheep were so excited after eating a kind of red fruit. Out of curiosity, Karl tasted some of the fruits and found them extremely sweet and refreshing. From then on, he often went there to share the joy of this delicious fruit with the sheep. Later, a Muslim passed through here and brought this strange red fruit home and distributed it to other parishioners, and its magical effect has been widely spread ever since.

Another legend is about Shack Omar, a disciple of Sheckaldi, the patron saint of northern Yemen, in the Arabian Peninsula. Shack Omar was a respected and beloved chief in Mocha, but he was expelled by his people for crime and exiled to Osama. One day in 1258, walking hungry in the mountains, Omar saw birds with strange feathers on the branches pecking at the fruit of the trees. Out of curiosity, he took the fruit back to his residence and boiled it with water. sure enough, it emitted a strong and attractive fragrance, and the original feeling of fatigue was eliminated after drinking it. So Omar collected many of these magical fruits, and when someone was sick, she boiled the fruit into soup for them to drink, and those who were sick were soon refreshed. Because he did good everywhere and was loved by the broad masses of believers, his sins were soon forgiven. When he returned to Mocha, he was praised for his discovery of the fruit and was respected as a saint. And this magical cure is said to be coffee.

There is also a romantic story about coffee, the story of Gabriel Mathieu de Klee, a French naval officer in Martinique. For some reason, he was about to leave Paris for Martinique, but he was reluctant to give up his lover, coffee, so he managed to get some coffee trees and was determined to take them to Martinique. During about 1720 or I723, he made two trips between the two places, and finally picked out the strongest sapling, set sail from Nantes, and took good care of it all the way, keeping the saplings in a glass box on the deck to prevent the sea from splashing and to keep warm. On the way, his ship was attacked by Tunisian pirates and threatened by a storm. after many hardships and dangers, he finally reached Martinique, and the sapling seemed to have indomitable vitality like de Klee. It has taken root and thrived there ever since.

In addition to the above legends, there are many stories about coffee, although their authenticity can no longer be studied, but people are happy to believe that these legends have happened.

First, the spread of coffee, people think that Africa is the hometown of coffee. But coffee actually originated in Ethiopia and spread around the world through the Yemeni port of Mocha. The history of Ethiopian coffee cultivation began in 575 AD. For those Arabs, coffee, like Chinese silk at that time, was a national treasure. It would be a great honor if anyone could enjoy this fragrant and refreshing drink, and only a small number of religious people could enjoy this right at that time. In order to prevent coffee from being grown in other countries, Arabs export all coffee beans only after they have been shelled. In the 17th century, BaBa Budan, a pilgrimage to Mecca, brought some sprouting coffee beans back to his home in southwestern India, and coffee began to spread around the world. At first, coffee has been used as a magic drug, limited to doctors' prescriptions. However, its exciting effect was eventually widely used, with many people seeing it as a stimulant to stimulate the brain, while others thought it had the effect of inducing religious hallucinations. As a result, coffee shops are springing up in the center of the Islamic holy city of Mecca.

Subsequently, coffee gradually became popular in Italy, India, Britain and other places through trade routes. Around 1650, the first coffee shop in Western Europe filled with the smell of coffee appeared in Oxford, England. Age of coffee spread: in the early 17th century, Germans, French, Italians and Dutch all competed to sell coffee to their overseas colonies. In 1616, a coffee tree was transferred to the Netherlands via the port of Mocha, giving the Dutch the upper hand in the competition for coffee cultivation. In 1658, the Dutch began to grow coffee in Ceylon. In 1699, the first European plantations appeared in Java by the Dutch. In 1715, the French brought coffee trees to Bourbon. In 1718, the Dutch brought coffee to Suriname in South America, which was the prelude to the rapid development of the growing industry in the coffee center of the world (South America). In 1723, a Frenchman, Gabriel Mathieu de Klee (Gabrie Mathieu De clieu), brought coffee saplings to Martinique. In 1727, the first plantation in South America, Pala, Brazil, was established. And then cultivated near Rio de Janeiro. The legendary Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee began to grow in the Blue Mountains after coffee was introduced to Jamaica by the British in 1730. From 1750 to 1760, coffee was grown in Guatemala. In 1779, coffee was introduced into Costa Rica from Cuba. Coffee was first grown in Mexico in 1790. In 1825, coffee seeds from Rio de Janeiro were brought to the Hawaiian islands and became the famous Hawaiian Kona Coffee. In 1878, the British landed coffee in Africa and set up a coffee planting park in Kenya. In 1887, the French established a plantation in Vietnam with coffee saplings. In 1896, coffee began to land in Queensland, Australia. From then on, the secret of coffee cultivation spread ten, ten hundred, and became an open secret.

Second, the world coffee market. At present, more than 70 countries around the world produce coffee, with an annual output of 1 million bags. The annual trading volume of raw coffee beans has become the second largest in the world. The coffee production of the exporting member countries of the International Coffee Organization accounts for more than 97% of the world's total output. In the world coffee consumption market, where the annual retail sales exceed 70 billion US dollars, the coffee consumption of the member countries of the International Coffee Organization accounts for 65%. In addition to the traditional high-yield areas of Brazil and Colombia, Vietnam has gradually become a major coffee producer in recent years. I believe that the future coffee market will show a scene of prosperity. Among them, Colombia is the second largest producer in the world, accounting for 12% of the world's total output, and its coffee beans are of good quality. Coffee trees are suitable for planting in highlands and small areas for farming. After careful harvesting and washing processing, the coffee produced is of beautiful quality, rich and unique flavor, which is very suitable for single drink or mixing. In particular, Columbia's Lucca coffee is the most famous, its flavor is rich and unique, and has a sweet in the acid, bitter in the good flavor. Global coffee production in 2005 Mel 06 has reached 108.7 million bags (60 kg each); it will increase by 12% to 122 million bags in 2006. However, the global demand for coffee in 2006 will be between 117 million and 118 million bags in 2007, so the supply will exceed the demand.

III. Development of Coffee Industry in China

1. There is great potential for the development of the domestic coffee market. With the rapid development of China's economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards after China's entry into WTO, coffee is being accepted by more and more Chinese people. Coffee is no longer just a drink, it is gradually closely linked with fashion and taste, or make friends and talk, or business talks, or leisure, in a cup of coffee filled with music.

(1) statistics from the overall domestic market show that Finland, with a population of 5 million, consumes 1 million packets of coffee a year, while China, with a population of 1.3 billion, now consumes only 20-400000 packets of coffee. From this comparison, we can see that the prospect of China's coffee consumption market is very broad. At the same time, the number of potential coffee consumers in China is about 200-250 million, which is on a par with the market of the United States, the world's largest coffee consumer.

(2) in terms of growth rate, Chinese coffee consumption is still small, but the growth momentum is very considerable. China's coffee consumption is growing at an annual rate of 15%, while the world coffee consumption is growing at an annual rate of only 2%. Data also show that China's per capita coffee consumption has been increasing at a rate of 30% year by year since 1998, and China is expected to become the most potential coffee consumer in the world in the next few years.

(3) in terms of per capita consumption, according to relevant statistics, the average annual coffee consumption per person in developed countries in Europe and the United States is more than 500 cups, and some even exceed 1000 cups, such as Finland and Sweden. Neighboring Japanese consume an average of 200 cups a year, while Koreans consume an average of 140 cups. At present, the average annual coffee consumption per Chinese is only 4 cups, and even in big cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, the average annual consumption per person is only 20 cups. China's coffee consumption market has huge room for growth. With the rapid growth of China's economy, the continuous improvement of people's quality of life and the increasing diversification of drinks, there will be a huge potential coffee consumption market.

2. The advantages of chain coffee shops are strong. According to the information provided by the International Coffee Organization, in recent years, the development of coffee cultivation and consumption in China has attracted worldwide attention. Cafes are springing up in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other large and medium-sized cities. In addition, the charm of culture is the charm of the market. Now more and more people around the world choose coffee to accompany themselves to spend a lot of comfortable time, coffee enriches people's lives, and China's coffee culture is also increasingly strong. In front of the huge Chinese coffee market, coffee shop chain operation has become the strongest entrepreneurial channel in the world. Today, chain operation has been applied to business and has been given a new meaning. To a large extent, the consumption of coffee is a kind of consumption on the perceptual cultural level. what the cultural communication needs is the environmental culture created by the coffee shop to infect customers and form a good interactive experience.

(1) chain franchise has low risk and high success rate, according to industry statistics, for coffee shops, the probability of individual success in opening an independent store is only 25%, 55%, while joining the chain system of well-known brands can be as high as 85%. There is no doubt that joining the brand store has a higher safety factor.

(2) low cost and high benefit of joining a chain is a good choice for investors who only have the desire and capital to open a coffee shop, but who have no idea how to open a shop. For example: Starbucks, Baiyi, LUCCA and so on, the chain will provide one-stop services from location selection, evaluation, decoration, equipment, materials, personnel training, marketing, systematic management and so on. It saves a lot of trouble for franchisees, and strengthens confidence and improves efficiency. According to the statistics of the Italian Ministry of Commerce in 2004, the commercial transaction volume completed by joining the chain operation has exceeded 2.5 times of its total retail market. In 2004, the operating income of Chinese chain stores exceeded 800 billion yuan.

In the 21st century, with the continuous improvement of people's living standards, coffee is being accepted by more and more Chinese, and coffee culture is full of every moment of life. Coffee is no longer just a drink, it is gradually closely linked with fashion, taste, personality, self, business, leisure, reflecting the high quality of modern life, we can foresee how attractive its future prospects will be!

Coffee Culture of Coffee all over the World

First, British literary cafes British people love tea, which is well known all over the world. But from the mid-17th century to the early 18th century, the whole of London was soaked in coffee instead of tea. British men switch from drinking to drinking coffee, or both-get drunk in a pub and go to the cafe to sober up with caffeine and then go to the pub to continue drinking.

The first coffee shop in England appeared at Oxford University in 1650 and was opened by a Lebanese Jew. Two years later, the Greek Rosse opened a cafe in London. By 1700, there were more than 2000 cafes in London. Cafes are all over the streets of London. As the first place to provide equal exchange and dialogue for the public, cafes are very popular. But from the very beginning, cafes have obvious "circle" characteristics, that is, "birds of a feather flock together, people are divided into groups"-Puritans, Protestants, Catholics, Jews, literati, merchants, lawyers, doctors, etc., almost every cafe has its own fixed number of guests. The open cafe has broken the previous social structure of hierarchy and identity, and has also made a new division on another level. British cafes laid a solid foundation for the earliest modern publishing industry. The coffee party at will Cafe hosted by Dryden established the standard of literary appreciation from will Cafe to the literary world. The free debate in the cafe was the base of the early middle-class media such as "Light", "bystander" and the Guardian. The editors of these newspapers and magazines, based on what they observed in the cafe and the conversations they participated in there-- heard and discussed gossip about all kinds of news, learned about the intentions of the people and formed a consensus of view. finally formed those brilliant words.

In addition, the gathering of a group of cafes into a club with a rich British tradition is also a major feature of British cafes-the earliest coffee shop in the UK, opened at Oxford University, soon attracted a large number of coffee colleagues. In 1665, they founded the Oxford Coffee Club, which was joined by all academic elites, and was upgraded to the famous "Royal College" in 1662. During the prosperity of cafes, people were used to listening to news, comments and knowledge from all sides, and were free to participate in their own opinions. But when the leaders of the cafe gradually formed their own club and closed the door to the public, people had to turn to the media for similar information.

British cafes are exclusive to men, and women (except the landlady) are not allowed in. The situation angered British women. In 1674, when cafes were in full swing in England, British women published an application for women to boycott coffee. They complained that "the dignity of British men is now gone. This is due to excessive consumption of coffee, the latest popular pagan drink."... " King Charles II of England issued a proclamation banning cafes in 1675. It is not clear whether the King's decree is out of respect for women or whether he is annoyed and disturbed by the criticism of current politics in the cafe. But the reality is that the law is opposed across the UK, and even women stand up against the closure of cafes-they fear that their husbands will return to their former alcoholism. Charles II lifted the ban two days before the ban was lifted after a week of unrest in Britain that almost endangered the throne of Charles II.

However, the prosperity of cafes throughout the 17th and early 18th centuries did not last long and was soon replaced by tea and teahouses. While European countries were growing coffee in their colonies, the British changed their coffee farms into tea farms after the occupation of India. On the one hand, Indian coffee was hit by coffee tree rust and died in large areas; on the other hand, it was related to the shift of British preferences. Elegant teahouses were originally a favorite place for intellectual women and children, but it wasn't long before men became infatuated with them, while cafes quickly became fast-food restaurants on the street or switched to other industries.

It was not until the 1950s that the coffee boom began to rise. However, the resurgence of coffee has challenged the British tradition of loving pure things-while welcoming espresso from Italy, more coffee enthusiasm has been given to instant coffee in the United States. At first, Italian espresso was popular with tea drinkers. After 1955, London's beautifully decorated Italian cafes were everywhere, filled with customers, drinking espresso brewed from mocha pots. Moreover, this time the cafe is no longer the monopoly of men, but also opened the door to women, so the cafe has become a fashionable place for men and women to gather. But this did not completely change the tea drinking habits of the British until American instant coffee, along with television commercials, entered the lives of Britons who were still immersed in the famine of tea rationing. In 1956, the British tea rationing system was abolished, but the British tradition of drinking tea is not as optimistic as people think-fashionable people go to cafes to drink espresso, and more often, people choose instant coffee. When instant coffee accounted for 90% of the British coffee market and affected tea, exasperated British tea traders eventually had to learn from instant coffee, giving up better-flavored tea and shredding it into tea bags instead. Although the British tradition of drinking tea has not been completely replaced by coffee, the re-entry of coffee into Britain is indeed a big force, at least the British tea tradition has changed.

Coffee landed in France, and French cafes spread all over the streets of Paris as early as the eighteenth century. The free and warm atmosphere made the cafe gradually become a place for French intellectuals to criticize the government at that time, which played a catalytic role in the French Revolution in 1789. French coffee is actually far less elaborate than their cafes. Compared with other European nations, French coffee tastes lighter, and because French coffee basically comes from French colonies, most of which are in Africa. Thus, Africa abounds in robusta beans became French food. Robusta beans belong to coffee beans in the thick beans, fruit acid flavor is not strong, but bitter taste and earthy smell is strong, in order to cover up this bad taste, the French invented a heavy roast of French carbon coffee, roast to black carbon to cover it up.

French people love cafes is world-famous, French cafes in the romantic atmosphere attracted countless tourists to worship. While it is clear that the price of a cup of coffee in a cafe is much higher than that of a pot at home, the French just want to go to a cafe, and they always only go to the one they like or are used to, do their usual seats, drink the same coffee every time, and even match the same refreshments. The waiters in the cafe also had a French-style tacit understanding. They don't have to talk to each other, they don't have to say a word, they can get the kind of service you want. Whether it's seats, music, coffee, snacks, newspapers.

The earliest and most famous cafe in Paris was opened in 1689 by Italian immigrants. The cafe, located in the Latin Quarter at the Comédie Française, was packed with customers as soon as it opened, and actors, novelists, playwrights and musicians gathered there. It is said that before the French Revolution, Napoleon drank coffee here but did not bring money, so he had to leave his military cap to pay for it.

When the tide of the French Revolution passed, the literary spirit of France, which had always been at its peak, flourished unprecedentedly in peacetime. Novelists, playwrights, publishers, painters, musicians... Paris was like a huge magnet, attracting talented young people. Cafes are their favorite places.

Today, the masters, the poor literati, the frustrated artists have a good habit, that is, they usually have their own fixed cafes, even fixed seats. It is hard to say whether this Parisian ethos infected them or whether they infected Parisians-almost every Parisian has his own cafe, and the time of day they come to the cafe, the seat they sit in, and the coffee they drink are all fixed. Vienna-Latte and music in the air

Vienna was attacked by the Turkish army for the second time in 1683. At that time, Emperor Obode I of Vienna and King Augustus II of Poland had an offensive and defensive alliance. As long as the Poles knew this news, the Polish army would arrive quickly, but the question was, who would break through the siege of the Turks and send messages to the Poles? Kochski, a Viennese who had traveled in Turkey, volunteered to deceive the Turkish army under siege by crossing the Danube and bringing in the Polish army. Although the Ottoman army was brave and good at fighting, it retreated in panic under the attack of the Polish army and the Viennese army. When it left, it left a large number of military supplies outside the city, including 500 bags of coffee beans. Coffee beans that the Muslim world had controlled for centuries and refused to flow out easily reached the Viennese hands.

But Viennese didn't know what it was or what it was for. Only Kochsky knew that it was a magical drink. So he asked for the 500 bags of coffee beans as a reward for breaking out for help. Kotzynski, who got coffee beans, used them to open Vienna's first cafe, Blue Bottle. But at first the cafe was not doing well. The reason is that people in Christendom do not like to drink coffee grounds with them, as Muslims do, and they are not used to drinking strong black and bitter coffee. So the clever Kochsky changed the recipe, filtered out the grounds and added plenty of milk--an original version of the latte that is now common on cafe menus.

Before cafes, Vienna, like the rest of Europe, had many pubs. They drank beer just like the Germans, and beer was intoxicating, so Viennese quickly became devoted fans of cafes. One of Vienna's most famous cafes is the Café Centrale, located in the city centre, where poets, artists, playwrights, musicians and diplomats once met. He hosted many great masters of his time, such as Beethoven, Mozart, Schubert and Strauss. There are still many such cafes in Vienna, and almost every old cafe can be associated with celebrities, so Vienna's cafes have become another place for tourists to admire and worship after Paris.

But coffee in Viennese cafes is not as simple as French. Viennese people really like coffee, and there are so many different kinds of coffee that almost every cafe's menu can list forty or fifty kinds of coffee. Germany-Second largest coffee consumer In 1721, Germany's first café was founded in Berlin. Coffee shops in Germany were restricted by local authorities when they first began to flourish. Therefore, compared with other countries, the development of German coffee is relatively single.

It wasn't until the early 19th century that coffee became one of the best money-making tools available to Germans. In the mid-19th century, coffee farming, which flourished in Latin and Central America, was influenced by the abolitionist movement, so coffee plantation owners switched from importing slaves to recruiting coffee farmers from Europe, and many German immigrants landed in Brazil and Guatemala. In order to attract immigrants, the government of Guatemala passed land laws in 1877 to assist German immigrants and granted ten years of income tax relief and six years of production equipment tariff relief. As a result of this one-sided policy, by the end of the nineteenth century the Germans owned 19 percent of the coffee fields in Guatemala and accounted for 40 percent of the country's total production. The Germans, who had grown rich from farming, recruited their countrymen to invest in coffee production and lay railways for transporting coffee beans. At the same time, German coffee merchants also took advantage of this opportunity to monopolize the distribution of top coffee beans in Latin America. At least 80 per cent of Guatemala coffee beans are shipped to Europe by German traders.

Only two world wars, let them experience the same coffee nightmare as Europeans_because of the distance from the origin, so once the war, sea transportation is blocked, Europeans will have coffee famine. In World War I, the United States officially declared war on Germany in 1917. The Brazilian government also declared war on Germany because the United States agreed to purchase 1 million bags of coffee beans as military rations. A group of Germans settled in Brazil were arrested. At the same time, the United States passed a bill to confiscate German property in the United States. In 1918, Guatemala passed a similar act. German coffee in Latin America was also hit hard, and the Americans stepped in. The Germans made up for their defeat in coffee in World War I at the beginning of World War II. Hitler's lightning strike in Poland in 1939 halted Europe's 10 million bags of coffee a year. In 1940 Hitler's army swept across Europe, the Nazis closed all ports, and the whole of Europe (except Germany) was in a coffee famine. However, Brazil and Guatemala declared war on Germany in the late World War II, and the Americans also took measures to confiscate German property in Latin America. After the war, Germany's economy recovered rapidly, and at the same time it quickly regained its position in the coffee trade. Today, Germany is the world's second largest coffee consumer, second only to the United States. In terms of per capita consumption, it is much higher than that of the United States.

Scenery Outside Italy, Venetian merchants first shipped coffee to the continent in 1615. Coffee was sacred to Islam until Pope Clement VIII crowned it the "drink of the Christian world," after which it was shared by both world religions. This is also something that has won the crowns of two religions at the same time in human history. After years of selling coffee as a potion at high prices and peddled by petty traders, the Italians opened the first coffee shop in Venice in 1645-the first in Europe, if Istanbul is excluded. The Café Florian in Venice's Piazza San Marco, dating from 1720, is the oldest surviving café.

In 1903, Italians built the first commercial coffee distiller in Milan; in 1930, Ili invented the method of distilling coffee with compressed air; and in 1945, another Italian, Gadja, invented the spring-powered piston-lever still, which preserved the coffee's flavor to the maximum and took a very short time, so that the coffee did not have time to turn bitter or spoil. This method quickly spread Espresso throughout Europe and North America, becoming the beginning of the American fine coffee wave in the 1960s and 1970s. And "Jia Jia" has now become a world-famous coffee appliance production brand.

For Italians, coffee and a truly classic cafe are inseparable. Italians, who drink an average of 600 cups of coffee a year, go to a cafe several times a day, and it's easy to stand up and have an Espresso and chat on the way to and from work. But they didn't spend much time in the cafe. They seemed to go there just to indulge in coffee. What mattered was the drink, not anything else.

People like to sit at the outdoor coffee table and see their surroundings. For people in this city, they go there just to enjoy a cup of coffee. Italian cafe, scenery outside.

Brazil--once the coffee kingdom In the 1560s, South America was still in a natural silence, and the aborigines lived a happy and heavenly life on this rich and fertile land. Brazil, covering an area of more than 3 million square kilometers, occupies the main part of South America. In 1727, Pachta, a Portugal officer, lured the wife of the governor of Guyane française with a gift of coffee seeds to introduce coffee to Brazil, but his trial cultivation in the Pará region of northern Brazil was not ideal. It was not until 1774 that Belgian missionaries tried to plant in the milder climate of the Rio Mountains in southern Brazil and succeeded. After the 19th century, due to the low price of sugar in the international market and the exhaustion of mineral deposits in the south, coffee became Brazil's most important product, and in less than 100 years, it became the world's largest coffee producer.

By the early 20th century, coffee was Brazil's mainstay and the country's economic lifeline. Stimulated by the continued high international coffee market, Brazilians grow coffee in large quantities and even rely on imports of wheat and other grains. The ecological balance has been disrupted by extensive cultivation, and periodic frosts, droughts and rust are threatening Brazilian production. (The worst of these was a frost that first hit Brazil's Parana region in 1975, killing some 1.5 billion coffee trees and severely damaging Brazilian coffee production.) In addition, two frosts in 1994 also caused heavy losses to Brazilian coffee.) But this is nothing compared to the disaster caused by excessive coffee production.

In the early years of the 20th century, coffee harvests in many countries, including Brazil and Central and South America, exceeded the 20 million bags per year mark, while global coffee consumption was only 15 million bags per year. For a time, coffee beans became Brazil's biggest disaster. But coffee overproduction was clearly not the whole or even the main cause of the coffee disaster. It was the turmoil of coffee merchants in the international futures market that was to blame, so much so that the Brazilian government burned 7 million bags of coffee in the early 1930s after several government actions failed to stabilize prices. By 1937, Brazil had burned 17 million bags of coffee beans, compared with 25 million bags consumed worldwide in the same year.

Today, Brazil's coffee production still ranks first in the world, but the proportion of coffee in the national GDP has dropped to about 10%, and coffee is no longer the mainstay of the Brazilian economy. After all, for a country or a person, it seems unwise to bet all on one thing, even if it is coffee, but also to bear too much risk.

Colombia donkey and Uncle Baltis, about 100 years ago, Colombia coffee was unknown to the world. The reason is that the geographical advantages of producing high-quality coffee become obstacles in production and commercial activities. Coffee grown in the foothills must be picked manually. So today we can see Wadi Zi dressed in traditional Colombia clothing and riding a donkey on a Colombia coffee package. In addition, we can also see the most obvious volcanic pattern on the packaging bag, which reminds us that the reason why Wadi Zi needs to ride a donkey to pick coffee is because the coffee tree is planted in the stepped highlands of the Andes foothills, at a high altitude of more than 1500 meters, volcanic soil, frost-free climate, and high-quality Arabica bourbon coffee. All of these factors make Colombia coffee synonymous with "good Arabica." Therefore, the coffee produced here is directly sold in the world under the name of the country, invincible.

Colombia is by far the largest exporter of Arabica coffee, with almost no roberts in its territory. It is also the world's largest producer of washed coffee beans, almost all of which are processed by the "expensive" washing method. In 1914, railways were built in Colombia to transport coffee beans deep into the mountains, but because of the difficult terrain in some places, it was necessary to rely on Wadi's donkeys. In addition, before the Panama Canal opened in 1914, Colombia coffee was mainly transported along Madrina to Atlantic ports. With the opening of the Panama Canal, Colombia became the only country in South America to export coffee beans through Pacific and Atlantic ports, reducing transportation costs.

Since the 1950s, Colombia coffee has become a popular coffee among consumers in Europe and America, while Brazilian beans, which have dominated the American market for many years, have seen sales decline despite their low prices. This is because Colombia's highland coffee tastes better and is loved by people, so it is easy to sell at a good price. The only regret is that in recent years the Colombia have begun to replace their traditional Arabica with a new variety, which is more productive and resistant to disease. Although both are small coffee varieties, but for people accustomed to traditional Colombia flavor, this is definitely a very bad thing, bound to affect people's preference for Colombia coffee.

It was only natural that the tradition of coffee shops, almost transparent Americana coffee, should spread from London to America. The early coffee houses in America were modeled after London's coffee houses, though they were more formal. Like Lloyd's in London, coffee shops in America are great places to do business and spread information. There are even conference rooms for trials, auctions and dissemination of transactions. But tea was still dominant among drinks. In 1767 King George III of England enacted the Stamp Act to raise taxes. This led to the Boston Tea Party of 1773. From that moment on, coffee became America's national drink.

The United States is a vast, multi-ethnic country, and naturally there is no single way to enjoy coffee. But overall, American coffee is light and clear, almost transparent, and you can even see the brown coffee at the bottom of the cup. The American preference for this light coffee was largely due to the preference for black tea among the early Anglo-Saxon Puritans, who made up the majority of the American population. After the Boston Tea Party, Americans became accustomed to coffee instead of black tea. The popular favorite drink has also gradually shifted from black tea to coffee. From western cowboys frying coffee beans in a pan to the introduction of the French "boiler," Americans make coffee in a less flattering way, but they have always adhered to the fine tradition that good coffee must be freshly roasted. Even during the war, soldiers in the field did not hesitate to carry a wok and grinder with them in order to drink fresh coffee.

During the Civil War, Burns invented the hot air coffee roaster and quickly changed the habit of buying raw beans in grocery stores under the commercial operation of companies such as Abaku. By the end of the 19th century, people had largely given up buying green beans and roasting them themselves in favor of buying roasted coffee beans. Of course, they didn't change their habit of focusing on freshness, so merchants offered various magic weapons to play the "fresh and convenient" card, such as the delivery cart of Treasure Company, which delivered the roasted coffee beans directly to their doorstep; for example, Chase and Sangbang Company marked the roasting date on the packaging bag, which has been used to this day and influenced almost the entire food industry; One of the most important of course is coffee food packaging, metal cans, vacuum, etc., people have been working hard for coffee preservation. Americans now consume nearly 10 pounds of coffee per person per year, not as much as European countries such as Finland, but more than any other country in the world. In fact, the United States has been ranked among the top three coffee consumers in the world.

Japan-the most expensive coffee, which first entered Japan, was brought by Dutch missionaries and merchants around 1630, when the Dutch desperately promoted coffee to their Asian colonies of Sri Lanka and Java, India. But the Japanese don't accept this weird drink at all. Until the Meiji Restoration era, Japanese society set off the wind of "Western learning", people gradually accepted the advanced western industrial civilization, at the same time accepted one of their way of life: coffee. The earliest cafes appeared in the "clubhouse", that is, hotels dedicated to receiving foreign envoys, most of which were located in port cities such as Kobe and Yokohama. Since then, coffee has gradually entered the life of upper-class society in Japan and become a "high-end drink". In 1883, in order to cater to the needs of Western dignitaries, Japan specially built a luxury hotel "Lu Ming Hall". Everything at the banquet was carried out in accordance with the "French full meal" model, from the start of pre-meal wine to the last coffee, are officially included in the menu.

Like Europe, the earliest cafes at the end of the 19th century always gathered a large number of literati, where they spent only 1/3 of the price of an upscale restaurant on a cup of coffee. At the same time, attacks on coffee are inevitable in a country famous for the tea ceremony. For example, there was a popular folk song called "Black and White Festival" at that time, in which a paragraph read: "it's funny to stick out the western nose quietly, not to drink sake, but to have beer and brandy and drink coffee with the solemn expression of the tea ceremony." But compared with the solemn tea ceremony, the casual social venue cafe is clearly a favorite of young people and radicals. Coffee quickly became a hot popular drink.

The top and most expensive coffee in the world is in Japan, and the most popular coffee is also in Japan. Apart from instant coffee, Japan is the first country to introduce canned (liquid) coffee. In addition, Japan is the only country with an official coffee festival, which is celebrated every year on October 1.

The history of tepid Chinese coffee introduced into China is not long, and it was not until 1884 that coffee was first planted in Taiwan Province of China. In the mainland of the motherland, the earliest coffee cultivation began in Yunnan. At the beginning of the 20th century, French missionaries brought the first batch of coffee saplings to Binchuan County, Yunnan Province, and began to grow coffee in the mainland. In terms of natural conditions, many parts of China are very close to Latin America, South America, India, Indonesia and other places, with congenital conditions for coffee cultivation, but Chinese people have been drinking tea for thousands of years. As the origin of tea in the world, people more or less ignore or despise coffee as a foreign beverage in terms of consumption habits and concepts. For a long time after coffee was introduced into China, people did not pay enough attention to the cultivation of coffee, and the development was extremely slow. In recent years, with the impact of foreign culture and the change of life style, coffee has entered the lives of ordinary Chinese people more and more, and coffee cultivation has gradually developed in China.

Now, there are considerable coffee planting bases in Yunnan, Hainan, Guangxi, Guangdong and other provinces in China, and some world-famous coffee companies, such as Maxwell, Nestl é, Colombia and so on, have set up branches in China. They not only sell coffee products to China, but also purchase coffee beans from coffee planting bases in China, which not only promote coffee sales in China, but also promote the development of coffee planting industry.

For Chinese people, for a long time, "coffee" and "instant coffee" are two interchangeable terms. Until the entry of Starbucks in the United States and teahouses in Hong Kong, people began to realize that coffee was not instant coffee, but something else. What is it? It's fashion. It is the abstract painting, jazz and aggressive coffee flavor of Starbucks; it is a half-tea and half-coffee drink in a teahouse, such as "Yuanyang". Served in exquisite white porcelain plates, it is served with dishes by the waiter. The former, because it is more exotic and fashionable, has become another noun for coffee after "instant coffee".