Introduction to three kinds of coffee beans in boutique coffee science

At present, the main species of coffee plants growing in different regions of the world include the following: ARABICA/ROBUSTA/LIBERICA/DEWEVREI/STENOPHILLA/CONGENSIS/ABEOKUTAS/KLAINII/ZAANGUEBARIAE/RACEMOSA. The coffee most commonly used to make coffee is divided into three main categories-small seed coffee beans (Arabica), medium seed coffee beans (Robusta), and Liberian coffee beans (Liberica).

Small seed coffee beans (Arabica)-small seed (Arabica) coffee beans are best grown in temperate and subtropical environments at elevations of 3000-6500 feet (600-2000 meters) above sea level, which can prolong their growing season and make their coffee taste more intense. Coffee beans are oval and flat. Small seed (Arabica) coffee contains more elegant flavor, rich taste, strong smell, high acidity, smooth texture, bringing strong aroma and smoothness to the coffee. Its caffeine content is about 1%. Because of its exquisite growing environment, each coffee tree produces only 1-1.5 pounds of coffee a year. Many professional producers and enthusiasts who are keen on coffee are happy to choose this kind of coffee. Arabica coffee accounts for 75 per cent of global production. As the small-grain coffee tree is vulnerable to diseases and insect pests, frost and drought, it needs a very delicate environment to cultivate, especially suitable climatic conditions.

Medium seed coffee beans (Robusta)-medium grain coffee beans (Robusta) come from a variety with high yield and less susceptibility to diseases and insect pests, and are more able to withstand large temperature differences than small ones. It is best planted in the highlands with lower elevations. Medium-grain coffee beans, just like the English name "Robusta", have strong taste and texture, bitter taste, and low acidity, bringing strength and concentration to the coffee. The coffee contains 2% caffeine and produces more beans than Arabica coffee, which can produce 2-3 pounds of coffee a year. This kind of coffee is often treated as low-grade coffee on the market. Although you can't find it in stores that sell high-quality coffee, Robusta coffee is widely used to make instant coffee and blended coffee, as well as frozen and canned coffee.

Liberica coffee beans-Liberica coffee is recognized as the third largest coffee variety in the coffee trade. It is also grown at low elevations. This kind of coffee is produced in Africa and exported only to Europe. It is also a cheap coffee, very similar to Robus.