General knowledge of fine coffee detailed explanation of Yunnan small grain coffee

Origin:

In 1892, French missionary Father Tian succeeded in growing coffee in a place called Zhukula in Yunnan. Up to now, there are still 24 coffee trees which are more than 90 years old in Zhukula Township.

Zhu Kula is a mysterious, legendary and beautiful natural village, which belongs to the Zhukula Village Committee of Pingchuan Town, Binchuan County, Dali Prefecture. It is located on the bank of the Yubao River, a tributary of the Jinsha River. It is a place at the junction of Dali Prefecture, Chuxiong Prefecture and Lijiang City.

More than 100 years ago, Zhu Kula called "Ruokelai" (Yi language), which means crooked mountain road. In 1892, due to the arrival of the French missionary Father Tian, he combined the essence of Yi language with the romance of the French, so the name Zhu Kula came into being, and later generations translated it as "heaven on earth".

According to the ancient church, in 1892, French missionary Father Tian used coffee fruit to breed the first coffee tree outside the church, and then cultivated more coffee trees and planted them around the church. Since then, the village of Zhukula began to grow coffee, and the village has been surrounded by coffee trees ever since. Qi Guanghui and Li Fusheng, the two oldest elders in the village, are both in their eighties this year, and together they have witnessed the formation of the oldest coffee forest in China.

Although Zhu Kula is poor and backward, it has an inextricable bond with coffee. In addition to growing coffee all over the country, the villagers all have a tradition of drinking coffee: self-growing, self-grinding and self-brewing, and now men, women and children in the village have the habit of drinking coffee. The villagers here have a special feeling for the coffee tree, even if the coffee beans do not bring them any economic benefits, the villagers are not willing to cut down a coffee tree.

Zhukula Village receives guests with local coffee and walnuts, although the coffee made from earthen cans is not the best, but this primitive drinking method reflects the love of coffee among Zhukula villagers and is the highest etiquette reception for guests. The unique and rich original coffee culture makes everyone who knows Zhu Kula have to sigh that it is worthy of the first coffee village in China.

Zhukula coffee forest belongs to Arabica bean (Arabica) Yunnan small grain Bobang (bourbon) and Tiebika (Typica) varieties.

At present, the Arabica coffee garden planted in Yunnan has exceeded 21000 hectares.

Main origin:

Small-grain coffee is suitable for growing in the mountains at an altitude of 800 to 1800 meters. If the altitude is too high, it will taste sour, and if it is too low, it will taste bitter. Small grains of coffee are mostly planted in dry and hot valleys at an altitude of 1100 meters above sea level, so they are moderately sour, rich and mellow. There is a unique environment suitable for the growth of small seed coffee in many areas of Yunnan, and the quality of small seed coffee is excellent.

The planting areas are mainly distributed in Lincang, Baoshan, Simao, Xishuangbanna, Dehong and other states.

The average temperature of Lujiang dam in Baoshan is 21.5 ℃, the highest is 40.4 ℃, and there is almost no frost all the year round. The small-grain coffee cultivated here is strong but not bitter, fragrant but not strong, well-proportioned, mellow and fruity, so it is recognized as the best producing area of small-grain coffee. The small-grain coffee cultivated here is famous at home and abroad for its strong but not bitter, fragrant but not strong, well-proportioned small noodles, mellow and fruity.

After inspecting the coffee planting and primary processing base in Yunnan, international coffee organization tasting experts rated Yunnan coffee as the kind of small seed coffee processed by Colombian wet processing, which is the highest quality coffee in the world.

Variety:

Typica and Bourbon, two classic high-quality coffee varieties, are the main coffee varieties in Yunnan. In 1991, Katimo Catimor series varieties were introduced from Kenya (with stronger anti-virus ability and higher yield). A variety of Arabian species (also known as small seed species). Because the morphology and habits of the two varieties are similar, the two varieties are mostly mixed.

Tibica coffee, native to Ethiopia and southeastern Sudan, is the most widely cultivated variety of coffee in the Western Hemisphere. The plant is stronger, but not light-tolerant, and the yield is higher in Hawaii. The top leaf of Tibika is red and copper, which is called red top coffee.

Bourbon coffee is a variety of small-grain coffee second only to Tibica. At first, the main branch and the trunk grew upward at 45 degrees, and drooped with fruit load, the lateral branches were denser, the fruit was more, and the yield was higher. But the berries are smaller and ripen more slowly. Bobang terminal bud tender leaves are green, called green top coffee

Cardamo Catimor is an improved variety of Tibika, with a gene of 25% Robusta.

From the botanical point of view of coffee, Yunnan small-grain coffee is genetically similar to the recognized best blue mountains in Jamaica (Jamaica Blue Mountain) and Kona in Hawaii.

Growth period:

Small-grain coffee berry Yunnan small-grain coffee 3-year-old 4-year-old fruiting tree.

Coffee is a short-day plant. Coffee has the characteristics of multiple flowering and concentrated florescence. The florescence of small seed coffee in Yunnan is from February to July, and the flowering period is from March to May. The flowering of coffee is greatly affected by climate, especially rainfall and temperature. Coffee flowers have a short life span of only 2-3 days. Small seed coffee usually opens at 3: 5 in the morning and blooms from 5 to 7 o'clock.

The development time of coffee fruit is longer. It takes 8 to 10 months for the fruit of small seed coffee to mature, usually from October to December of the year. Rainfall has a great influence on fruit development, and climatic conditions directly affect fruit development.

The main components of Lukajiangba small granule morphine fruit:

The percentage contents of main components of Lukajiangba small granule morphine are as follows: crude fat 17.1, reducing sugar 0.93,starch 3.07,nitrogen 2.27,crude protein 1.419, ash 3.70,19.33 crude fiber, caffeine 2.14,9.20 sucrose and 6.87. the quality is very good.