Legends about the origin of coffee there are several coffee cultures

There are several legends about the origin of coffee, among which the more familiar is the story of the shepherd: around 600 AD, a shepherd found that his sheep would hiss excitedly every night. In fear, he asked the priest in the temple for help. After carefully observing the sheep for a few days, the priest found that the sheep had eaten an unknown fruit. The priest ate some of it himself and found the fruit exciting. Since then, the priest called it "a sacred object that removes drowsiness and purifies the mind." since then, coffee has become medicine, food and drink. In 1200 AD, coffee was spread by a Muslim who had been exiled to Yemen for crime. From the origin to the Red Sea to Athens, Cairo, 1300 and then to Iran, 1500 or so to Turkey, coffee has gradually become a popular drink.

As for shops that sell coffee, the legend begins with Mecca, a Muslim shrine. Around the 17th century, coffee became more and more popular in Italy, India, Britain and other places through trade routes.

Around 1650, the first coffee shop in Western Europe filled with fragrance appeared in Oxford, England.

…… During the Renaissance in 1605, some Christians thought that coffee was a pagan drink and called it "Satan's drink" and asked the then pope to order a ban on it, but the pope who tried the "devil's drink" was amazed that there was such a delicious drink in the world, so he arranged a baptism and formally designated coffee as a Christian drink, extending coffee from Muslim areas to other areas.

The origin of the word coffee

The word "coffee" comes from the Greek word "Kaweh", which means "strength and passion". Coffee tree is an evergreen shrub of Capsaceae. Daily coffee is made from coffee beans combined with a variety of cooking utensils, and coffee beans refer to the nuts in the fruit of the coffee tree, which are then roasted with appropriate roasting methods.

Coffee epic

Espresso spitting smoke rings in the coffee shop, a cup of warm hands and warm heart in the hands of friends in the winter afternoon, or even busy regular days, messy desks quietly release a cup of soothing instant coffee, every day, all kinds of people, in different corners of the world, waiting for a good cup of coffee.

People who are addicted to coffee can never imagine how to spend the winter without coffee to keep warm. And even those who do not drink coffee can not help but smell the original aroma of their inspiration from the works of many writers and artists: Beethoven's music, Picasso's paintings, and Haruki Murakami's words.

For hundreds of years, coffee has changed history in a way that is the most subdued and gentle, but the most defenseless.

In coffee, find a way for the soul to fly

It is said that the earliest coffee tree in the world appeared in the highly mature mountains of Ethiopia around the 10th century AD. Caldy, a wandering shepherd far from home in the dry season, suddenly found that the sheep had become more active and noisier than usual after eating the fruit of a wild shrub. He curiously picked some fruits and tasted them, but also wanted to dance happily on the prairie.

He distributed the fruits he had picked to the monks in the monastery, often helping them stay awake during the long evening prayers. The story of the magical fruit soon drifted away with the wandering steps of the nomads. From then on, crushing the coffee fruit and mixing it with animal fat into hard lumps, as an energy-boosting snack, became an addiction they could not quit during their lonely and bumpy nomadic life. It is even said that this group of earliest coffee people, Ethiopian women with the same skin color as coffee, have learned to make wine from fermented coffee fruits.

It seems that from the beginning, people have found a way to fly their hearts from coffee.

From the Middle East, burning the world's first cup of coffee

It is generally believed that the first cup of coffee in the world was carefully brewed by Arabs. In the oral literature of many European travelers at the end of the 16th century, Arabs sipped a kind of black molasses made from black seeds, confirming that long before Europeans embraced coffee in the 13th century, Arabs knew how to roast coffee and use the hot marks of fire to imprint fragrance.

From the first cup of mellow coffee, after two hundred years of time, in 1530, the world's first coffee shop was finally born in Damascus in the Middle East.

In 1615, coffee was stationed in Europe with the traveling merchants of Venice, and the French and Italians went crazy. They wrote books, poems, and even wars for it, as the Viennese proverb said: "the Europeans can stop the bow knife of Turkey, but not the coffee of Turkey.] They burn the flames of war just to make a good cup of coffee in the beacon lights.

Coffee, swinging between the angel's wings and the devil's downfall

When coffee first arrived in Italy, many conservative clergy called it Satan's masterpiece and suggested that it be expelled, so Pope Clemon VIII decided to taste it himself, when he sipped a demonic thick black serous from a warm cup. But he couldn't help changing his dictation: "Let coffee be washed into God's drink!"

To this day, in the hearts of many people, coffee still swings between the wings of angels and the downfall of the devil.

In 1654, the first coffee shop in Europe appeared on the streets of Venice. Over the next few decades, coffee shop signs releasing fragrance have been lit up in London, Paris and Vienna one after another. before the popular myth of CoCo Chanel and Gianni Versace invaded the modified European window, the coffee shop swept the world quietly in the least ostentatious and arrogant manner.

Since then, we have entered the era of coffee shops. Buried deeply in the memory of my father and brother, the golden age of coffee and literature began.

Have a long history

If the origin of coffee can be traced back to ancient African and Arab cultures, then the cafe people remember today is a pure European culture, or more accurately, a cradle of modern European civilization.

A pure product of European culture

Venice in 1645 gave birth to the first open street cafe in Europe. Paris and Vienna also followed, with relaxed and romantic French sentiment and Viennese literati temperament in their own style, which became the forerunner of the two major trends of European cafes in the future.

The embodiment of the life form of the upper society

The cafe brought the closed salon life of the upper class to the streets. in many cities, it was the earliest public social place where citizens could meet freely. People read newspapers, debate, play cards and play billiards here. The famous "coffee shop writer" claims that his lifelong career is first as a regular customer of a coffee shop, followed by a writer, and that he goes to a coffee shop not for coffee, but as a way of existence. From Rousseau and Voltaire, the banner of freedom of personality liberation, to many famous literati at that time, they all had their own cafes for regular meetings. For example, Dickens, the founder of realistic novels, Balzac and Zola, Picasso, and even Freud, the master of psychoanalysis, a series of brilliant names, write down the history of cultural development in modern Europe for hundreds of years in the regulars of different cafes.

Coffee and mood

Do you want a cup of coffee when you are in a good mood or when you are in a bad mood? Everyone's answer is different, but because coffee is a drink when you are in a good mood, you can taste the delicious coffee only when you want to see the blue sky and bask in the gentle sun. When you are in a bad mood, you should go to the bar for a drink. Lazy jazz, gripping opera, romantic French chanting or soft piano playing in the cafe are the most common things you will hear. Of course, it has something to do with the taste of the cafe owner. You can chat with close friends or bosom friends to discuss the topics they are interested in. With the deepening of time, you will find that your mood is gradually calm, and even some moved, all the reasons are very simple: casual.

Have a cup of coffee when you feel in a good mood today, and you will find the best side of coffee.

Coffee spirit

People who have drunk coffee know that coffee is bitter, and many people think it doesn't taste good. So they added some sugar to the coffee. Because the sweetened coffee is sweet, it is easier to taste and tastes sweeter. But coffee without sugar is mellow. The entrance may be bitter, but after aftertaste, unsweetened coffee is like an unretouched diamond. Naturally, there is a dazzling light, in which you will understand that the true bitterness will come, and you will appreciate the combination of life and nature. Too much coffee without sugar is like human life, after bitterness is mellow and tranquil sweetness, restlessness is calm enjoyment, patience is the vast sky. So, don't add sugar to coffee, don't let yourself indulge in sweetness, don't give yourself a chance to bow to suffering, don't let yourself bow to difficulties.

The Story of the Cafe

Coffee shop regulars come from the broad sense of the "leisure class", teaching and learning, according to each side, looking for fun and bosom friends in all kinds of cafes and smoke. "Gentleman Cafe", "Painters Cafe", "journalist Cafe", "* Cafe", "University Cafe", "Congressman Cafe", "Workers Cafe", "Actors Cafe", "psychologist Cafe" and so on, each has its own atmosphere and style. It can also be said that the cafe is a witness to the history of European civilization.

Store your mood in a 100% coffee cup

A wide variety of coffee cups, is a sea of mood, you can listen to the sound of the waves of your heart.

Some people say that a cup of coffee foster a cup of mood, and a wide variety of coffee cups, like a sea of mood, ups and downs of people's various emotions.

How many cups do you have? Have you ever listened to the fluctuation of your heart while drinking warm coffee in a person's night? From these warm coffee cups, what else can you read except the mood of coffee?

The dependence complex of coffee VS cup size

In many cases, the intensity of a cup of coffee can be roughly judged from the size of the coffee cup.

The sizes of coffee cups are generally divided into three types:

* small coffee cups below 100CC-mostly used to hold strong and scalding espresso or individual coffee, such as Espresso, which is only about 50CC, although it can be drunk almost in one sip, the lingering mellow aftertaste and the temperature that seems to be warm forever can most warm the mood and stomach. The Cappuccino with milk foam has a slightly larger capacity than Espresso. The wide mouth of the cup can show the rich and beautiful foam.

* ordinary coffee cups around 200CC-the most common coffee cups, light American coffee mostly choose such cups, there is enough room for self-preparation, add cream and sugar.

* mugs above 300CC or milk coffee cups for French Ole-Coffee with a lot of milk, such as lattes, American mochas, multi-use mugs, is enough to contain its sweet and diverse taste. The romantic French, on the other hand, are used to using a large bowl of milk coffee (Ole coffee) to render a mood of joy that lasts for a whole morning.

There are still traces to judge the difference between the teacup and the coffee cup from the shape and size.

Usually, in order to retain the rich aroma of coffee and reduce temperature evaporation, the mouth of the coffee cup is narrower and the cup body is thicker. On the other hand, most of the black tea cups have a wide mouth and high light transmittance to reflect the clear and transparent brown color.

Pottery and porcelain, the elegant and elegant dialogue of sincere VS

The simplicity of pottery and the roundness of porcelain each tell different coffee comments. Some people like to use pottery cups with rich texture, dressed with masculine and strong deep-roasted coffee, but most people still use porcelain cups to explain the meticulous aroma of coffee.

Among them, the bone porcelain made of high-grade porcelain clay and mixed animal bone powder has light texture, soft color and high thermal insulation, which can best retain the warm memory of coffee.

Put the coffee in a cup with the right temperature.

Warm mood, of course, should be filled with a warm cup.

Warming the cup, although it is only a simple step, is an indispensable key to preserving the aroma of coffee. Because, just out of the boiling coffee, once poured into the cold cup, the temperature suddenly dropped, the flavor will be greatly reduced.

In your own warm cup, the easiest way is to flush it directly into the hot water, or put it in the bowl dryer to warm it up in advance. If you entertain a table at the same time, you can boil a pot of water and soak all the cups together.

Before tasting the coffee, don't forget to warm a cup with the right heat and completely seal all the flavors of the coffee.

Exquisite archives of bone porcelain

* ingredients-made of 25% bone powder and 75% high-grade porcelain clay.

* characteristics-light texture (weight), strong light transmittance, soft color and high density (fragile, easy to clean), high temperature resistance (good thermal insulation).

* the way to judge when choosing-yellowing in the light and a crisp metal sound when tapping.

* maintenance code-it is best to wash it by hand and use the dishwasher only with fewer users. The PH value of the detergent must be between 11 and 11.5. the water temperature should not exceed 70 ℃ when washing in the dishwasher and 80 ℃ when washing with clean water. be careful not to soak the hot cup directly in cold water so as not to change the temperature rapidly.

Coffee beans next door to Oracle Dictionary

Drink only three or four cups of espresso a day to maintain the full charm of love. But often buy too many cans of coffee beans, because I like the metal hue of the polished body, like the tropical stereo rustling in the can, and like to imagine them waiting quietly. Waiting for the fragrance that does not flow out easily, waiting for a coffee extractor, a pair of gentle and affectionate hands, a cup and plate of famous bone porcelain, a small circle of mahogany, a romantic cup-holding posture.

Playing with roasted coffee beans, thinking that he is more or less a fetish pervert. And I can't bear to sacrifice a coffee bean just to watch. After biting open the coffee beans with chocolate glossy skin, half of them are left in the mouth to chew, half in the hands to watch, there is a fragrance in the mouth, so that I do not feel quiet, the memory leads to the distant years, carefully distinguish her taste in history. Even the sweetness and bitterness of the fragrance, only imagine the memory of self-combination, and do not belong to this life. Half of the beans left in the hand look like chocolate-flavored Haagen-Dazs.

I also like to review the coffee beans on the bottom of the thick Spanish pine bookshelf next to the Jiafengwen Dictionary. A row of silver iron cans, her connotation than the Moroccan small leather hardcover Proust à la recherche du temps perdu "Remembrance of time" is better at tracing the golden years.

Plump coffee beans, like me, like cool and refreshing air. In this hot and humid South Island, fresh air will no longer be free, so my coffee beans and I have to temporarily close to the constant temperature and moisturizing time and space capsule, waiting for the redemption of multinational enterprises.

Drinking the last breath at the bottom of the cup alone

The hot coffee cup is the only residence of coffee in the world. I prepared several sets of coffee cups for them, the earliest one, ivory bone coffee cups. It's not the kind of skinny coffee cup specially prepared for espresso. Instead, it is a white greasy porcelain cup with a round mouth and soft lines, and the amount of two cups of Italian coffee in one cup can meet my stomach.

The second group began to flourish, though it was also a bone porcelain coffee cup, with silver lines on the mouth, decorated with rat gray as the bottom, indigo and azure geometric mosaic patterns. The ears with silver thread put on an appearance of listening. The dish of the same color gently hugged the reserved cup body, the round cup body raised a curl of white smoke, and the heart-seductive fragrance of coffee had already occupied the study of more than five ping.

The third group is the Japanese coffee cup that my sister brought back from Germany on a business trip to Frankfurt. The body of the cup is unglazed black porcelain, which hisses like an iron chime when it is rubbed. The cup is glazed white porcelain, poured into the coffee, as if there is no need to add whipped cream. The best part is the dish, which is as black as Japanese tiles, engraved with mountains and rivers on one side. It is said that my brother-in-law dared not use these patterns because he was puzzled by the ambiguous meaning of these patterns. So, it fell into my hands.

The fourth group is the real Italian coffee cup, a pair of small but thick hand-painted magnetic cups. On the sapphire blue cup, the painter hand-painted many rolling lemon yellow gears, two strawberry red halberd demons, glaring at the drinking sentient beings. The other cup and plate is also as deep as a deep ocean with sapphire blue. There is a lemon-yellow island in the sea, five blue and white coconut trees, and two green turtles looking at each other under the tree. The bottom of the cup has the painter's white signature.

It is rumored that Yixing purple sand teapot, after years of farming and caressing, can make people like drinking Longquan even if it is washed into plain boiled water. My coffee cup does not have this kind of self-control, but occasionally the plain boiled water in the cup will arouse the suspicious fragrance of coffee. Perhaps a wisp of soul of the drinker has been trapped at the bottom of the cup.

Beauty is a majestic danger, and danger is beautiful depravity. At this time, the lovelorn has unexpectedly become a sweet dream in life. Because the lovelorn made me lose the suspense of life, I was free to fall into the beautiful things that were carefully carved. The encounter between the cup and the cup, the bottom of the cup swung up in a trance, like a shining encounter on the shoulder of the gold sand. Alone in the last shade of summer, when will the tireless tide soak through the scorched yellow waiting? The bottom of the cup swung up a string of Yonghuan, white water wrapped in damp exile. Drinking the last breath of love at the bottom of the cup alone, when will the tide of unrepentance extinguish the burning passion? The bottom of the cup swung up a mouthful of noon sun, platinum beach platinum teenager depraved female body. When we quietly rubbed the last mouth of the cup in early summer alone, we held our breath and listened to the confusion like electrostatic bone porcelain.

Hide outside the sweet cherry red figure

Although I only see the coffee beans lying in the jar every time, I can't help but imagine myself picking coffee fruits. A rattan basket, a long rope, and a waist cushion, ponder the definition of upright on a sloping mountain. When the tropical rainy season is over, in the cold sun, the only lover is the plump and graceful coffee tree. Trying to devour the beauty of a woman's body, burning at her fingertips. Perturbed to pick every ripe cherry fruit, in its most beautiful moment, plunder its gorgeous. Each fruit is engraved with the deed of Faust in classical floral characters: this is a beautiful moment, please stop.

With a tilt, the mountain politely refused to flood the hot and humid clouds and rain. After a warm rainy season, a cold dry season hangs down, looking up at the edges thrown to the sun, bowing his head but not sure whether his toes have exceeded the limits of depravity. So the berries timely put on red makeup and stepped on the rainbow shadow between the branches and leaves to jump into the uncovered rattan basket on the waist. Hiding from molds, pesticides and insects, hiding outside every sweet cherry figure, huge hidden behind every little consummation. The buzzing whispers of the sun cover the dilated veins of the leaves, guarding the cool silence of the mountain.

Looking at the cherry in the palm, I looked beyond the North Star and fell in the shadow of the southern cross. Beauty can not find the direction, so gently close the scorched black desire. The melancholy tropics are also farthest recently, and the white coastline is quietly hidden out of the eyelids. In the dark dream of black coffee, even if you stumble, you have to break all the cascading virtual contours. Let the depraved cold press the spread of the lungs, the addiction of smell, and finally awaken the distant wings under the ribs. When we are thinking about the coldness of more than 10 degrees, the end of life is waiting for a cherry red.

When a group of pedants are huddled in the cold and damp corners of philosophy in the posture of parasitic crabs, concerned about the metaphysical meaning of simple life, we deliberately commit crimes because of the magnificent depravity of baroque. Worship the heresy of capitalist commodity fetishism, the coldness of monetary alloys and the beauty of plastics. Because it makes my lust, like a free atom, turns into a turbulent Pacific Ocean, invades the coast of Latin and the Red hair City of Huwei at the same time, so I rotate the mouthpiece of language and sip the bone magnetic cup of the British Empire. Italian coffee made by coffee beans on the valiant Blue Mountains of Jamaica. A cup of fluctuating fragrance shows that desire is not an illusion of the heart, but a wave of waves full of emptiness. So across the ocean, with unruly overnight fantasy, you can also have a gloomy career in the tropics.

Chromium and brass

Pour out a depressing and concentrated love

Proud self is not suitable for love, pride makes me as fragile as the thin wings of moths, stubbornly waving silver narcissism, the structure of life is so shallow, foolishly chanting love poems of self-immolation. So the best place for lovelorn is all complexity and delicacy. For example, you have to extract six drops of real coffee. Why does the baby suck the thumb? Because the fingerprints of the years of drinking blood are vaguely left in the gray memory of the cerebral cortex. In the cruelty gradually eroded by civilization, children cut their bloodthirsty memories again and again. Watching my father dry the blood stains of the wound for me, the sweet pleasure was wrapped in my heart, and fatherly love got the first name.

Pavoni? A conservation migratory bird? No, no. Just to express my worship of a certain object, perhaps the misunderstanding is the most gorgeous decoration of the truth, so I deliberately translated Pavoni: a pump coffee machine for extracting espresso.

She is placed on your cedar table, emitting the dazzling luxury of chrome and brass, protruding irregular bars in all uncertain directions. Like a game of alloy adventure, test your lust sign language. If you are obsessed with antique sports cars, you will understand the frustration of operating a Pavoni. No, I am not talking about the frustration of vanishing nothingness, but the unique frustration of being addicted to love and not being able to achieve eternal life. It is the frustration that creates the meaning of your life.

Pavoni is like the holy cross of capitalist commodity fetishism. It inspires you that life is of high value because of its senseless complexity. So you give up instant coffee, refuse random refills with meals, and even get angry because the electric espresso steam engine is too automatic. What you want is handicrafts that can talk to sexy people, lovers who can exchange messages through their skin. Pavoni requires the ingenious movement of your whole body and sensitive manipulation through the palms of your fingers before slowly pouring the coffee extract with silky fragrance and rich juice.

The high price and prosperous structure of Pavoni can never guarantee that it will repay your infatuation with beautiful coffee. It is difficult to smile at the beauty of the city. It is an expensive interactive game console that is ready to laugh at your clumsiness and hit you harder when you are most vulnerable. It is the booty of the strong, not the comfort of the weak. So your self-esteem makes you indulge in beautiful love, and if you are lovelorn, you will commit suicide.

Italian coffee VS the stomach of fashionable people

It seems that in that inadvertent moment, the fashionable coffee craze spread to all kinds of theme books, Starbucks chain stores stationed in large commercial buildings, skilled people have opened personality coffee shops, and the topics about coffee on the Internet are also rising one after another. It seems to be to feed the omni-directional Italian coffee stomach. It is no exaggeration to say that fashionable young people in the new century love Italian coffee.

If it is said that "any signboard can kill a poet" is the fashion portrayal of Wenqing in the 1980s, then "if any signboard is hung, it is a newly opened Italian coffee", it must be the fashion of 2000.

Seems to be inadvertently overnight, went to the black glass cafe, but came to advertise the window of Italian coffee! For a moment, fashionable people have completely changed the taste of coffee with the exclusive taste of "Blue Mountain Coffee". It has changed from Japanese style of siphon style to Italian style after high pressure.

Fashionable people's "Italian coffee fever" starts with Cappuccino sprinkled with cinnamon powder, and begins to boil when it is heated to Latte. If you know how to Espresso independently, there is no guarantee that the silent bartender standing behind the steam coffee machine will not give you a clear look with admiration!

This rash-like "Italian coffee frenzy" has not only allowed self-employed Italian cafes to open one after another, but also spent a lot of money renting a corner of the large office building as the flagship of the exhibition store.

What is more, under the impact of the Italian coffee fashion, caffeine also seems to follow the spleen and stomach of fashionable people, and become an important element in brain cells; fashionable people's spiritual hunger for "coffee knowledge" not only won the popularity of coffee writers who first published books on the theme of European cafes, but also "fed" all kinds of coffee discourses.

On the coffee version of BBS, there is even a fierce pen fight for Italian coffee; after a pen fight, two big boys who stick to their ideas on BBS simply get angry and use similar methods to make coffee in a chemical experiment, and write a special book called "Italian Coffee experiment", which is rarely missed by fashion coffee lunatics.

In the fashionable atmosphere of a large number of unemployed poets, the literary youth disdain the taste of Nestle's "instant solution". Only middle school students are left to pretend to read in McDonald's; the literary and art youth in 2000 are equipped with an omni-directional "Italian coffee stomach", opening and shutting up "Espresso, Cappuccino and Latte". They surf the Internet, soak up Starbucks, and love the taste of Haagen Dazs; they visit Pub, collect Levi's, and scramble to buy tickets to listen to the concerts of stars from Hong Kong and Taiwan!

20 years ago, the fashion Wenqing fans are Italian movies, 20 years later, Wenqing loves Italian coffee!

Coffee and tea

Scottish doctors have poured cold water on the idea that drinking tea is better than coffee, casting doubt on the results of earlier studies on tea drinking. A professor in Scotland said the results showed that Britain's favorite tea contains harmful chemicals that damage cells and cause heart attacks, strokes and cancer.

Tonstar Perdo of Scotland and his team spent 10 years studying 11000 people between the ages of 40 and 59 in Scotland and found that the more coffee they drank, the lower the risk of heart disease and death. The situation of drinking tea is just the opposite.

Coffee and prevention of radiation injury

Radiation injury has become a prominent pollution and harm at present. Especially the radiation of household appliances: such as people who operate computers for a long time, microwave ovens, televisions at home, and so on. Especially for pregnant women, radiation has affected the health of the next generation. Reports in this area are not uncommon.

Indian scientists have found that coffee protects experimental mice from radiation and may have the same effect on humans. Researchers at the Barba Atomic Research Center in India found that 70 per cent of caffeine-injected mice survived 25 days after receiving generally lethal doses of radiation, while all of the uninjected mice died. Caibili George, who led the study, said the findings may also apply to humans. "the study does show that coffee may help prevent radiation damage," he said.

Coffee and prevention of gallstones

Delicious coffee is a refreshing drink, and new research has found that drinking a few cups of coffee a day can prevent gallstones. According to the latest issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association, researchers at Harvard University have found that men who drink two or three cups of coffee a day are 40% less likely to get gallstones than those who do not drink coffee, and if they drink more than four cups of coffee a day, the risk of gallstones is even reduced to 45%. However, decaffeinated coffee does not have this effect. Only caffeinated coffee can stimulate gallbladder contraction and reduce cholesterol, which is easy to form gallstones in bile. Other drinks such as tea and cola, which also contain caffeine, cannot achieve the same effect because their caffeine content is lower than that of coffee.

Antioxidant and cardioprotective function of coffee

In addition to being refreshing, coffee contains polyphenols that not only have antioxidant effects, but also protect cardiovascular functions. At the recent symposium on food chemistry at the annual meeting of the American Chemical Society, there is new scientific evidence that coffee contains powerful antioxidants that protect the heart and blood vessels. The study, led by Professor J. A. Vinson of University of Scranton University in Pennsylvania, found that coffee contains high levels of polyphenols (Polyphenols), sometimes called flavonoids (flavonids), which are powerful antioxidants that fight oxidation and blood clotting.

The influence of coffee on people's mood

Recently, Professor A. P. Smith of the University of Bristol (University of Bristol) in the United Kingdom published his ten-year talk about the imagination of coffee on the brain, especially its effect on discrimination and mood. Measure their discrimination and alertness for 30 minutes before and after drinking coffee. Smith found that after drinking a cup of coffee, they become more alert and more focused. Professor Smith said that coffee can really refresh you, especially if you don't get enough sleep, if a cold makes you sleep badly, or insomnia, and you have to concentrate on your work or exams during the day, then drinking a cup of coffee will certainly boost your alertness and tide you over. And coffee will stay in the body for three to five hours, so coffee has a long-term refreshing effect. Further experiments have found that the average person can absorb 300 milligrams of caffeine (about three cups of brewed coffee) a day and have a positive imagination for a person's alertness and mood. However, more than 400 milligrams (four cups) of caffeine will bring side effects, such as mood deterioration, irritability, aggression and causing trouble. If you only want to eat coffee polyphenols as antioxidants, then all you have to do is drink decaf coffee.

Studies have found that coffee drinkers are less likely to develop Parkinson's disease

Drinking more coffee may help reduce the risk of Parkinson's disease, according to a new study in the United States.

Scientists at the Veterans Management Medical Center in Honolulu, Hawaii found that people who did not drink coffee had a five times higher risk of developing Parkinson's disease than those who drank more than five cups of coffee a day. The researchers followed more than 8000 men for 30 years, and their findings were published in the Journal of the American Medical Association.

Parkinson's disease is a kind of senile disease with neurological lesions. Typical symptoms include limb tremor, stiffness, decreased autonomic activity and so on. Researchers do not know why drinking coffee may reduce the risk of Parkinson's disease. But they speculate that the caffeine in coffee may prevent damage to the nerve cells that cause Parkinson's disease.

Scientists point out that the results they have so far are only preliminary and need to be confirmed by further research. They stressed that it is too early to recommend coffee as a treatment for Parkinson's disease.

How to taste coffee

Tasting coffee is not only to feel with the taste of the tongue, but also to enjoy the aromatic alcohol in the mouth, in addition, it depends on the condition of the body and the surrounding atmosphere when drinking coffee. In a word, tasting coffee is a very delicate thing. When you drink coffee in a coffee shop, you sometimes get almost half-cold coffee. No matter how good the coffee beans are and how good the brewing skills are, you will lose your appetite for coffee. "drinking while it's hot" is a necessary condition for tasting delicious coffee, even on a hot summer day. When the coffee is cold, the flavor will decrease, so when brewing the coffee, in order not to reduce the taste of the coffee, soak the coffee cup in boiling water in advance. The appropriate temperature for coffee is 83 degrees Celsius at the moment of brewing, 80 degrees Celsius when pouring into the cup, and 61-62 degrees into the mouth, which is the most ideal.

In addition to tasting delicious coffee, we should not only pay attention to the appropriate temperature, but also have the right amount. Drinking coffee is not like drinking or juice, a full cup of coffee, watching it will lose interest in drinking. Generally speaking, they are only in the right amount when they are full of seven or eight minutes. Moderate amounts of coffee will not only stimulate the taste, but will not feel "greasy" after drinking it. On the contrary, it will have an endless aftertaste. At the same time, the right amount of coffee can moderately promote the body to recover from fatigue and refresh the mind. There are different flavors of coffee, so you can't drink three or four cups in a row like tea or cola, but the formal coffee cup is the best. Ordinary coffee to 80-100cc for the right amount, sometimes if you want to drink three or four cups in a row, then it is necessary to dilute the concentration of coffee, or add a lot of milk, but still take into account the degree of physical needs, to add or reduce the concentration of coffee, that is, do not cause greasy or nauseous feeling, and in the mix of sugar might as well be more changes to make the coffee more delicious.

Hand-made cooking

A real cup of coffee is hand-ground and hand-brewed. After cooking, the color is as black as light brown, and when you add fresh milk, it turns to gold and bronze, and this cup of coffee is enough to enchant the blue elves.

Meet good water

Coffee is the essence extracted from the meeting of coffee powder and water. Therefore, in addition to good coffee beans, water quality and water temperature are of course the key role in releasing the aroma of coffee. It is recommended that you install a filter containing activated carbon under the faucet so that you can have good water suitable for brewing coffee.

Control proportion

10 grams of ground coffee for every 180 milliliters of water. No matter how much coffee is brewed, it is best to prepare it in the same proportion. Of course, you can also according to your own best conditioning ratio, but if you use less coffee powder, or if you grind too fine, the brewed coffee will be light and bitter.

Drinking temperature

Do not reheat the brewed coffee. Make coffee before each drink, and only soak the amount you want to drink. The temperature to maintain the best flavor is about 86 degrees Celsius.

Don't save.

Do not reuse ground coffee. It should be that what remains in the soaked coffee powder is the bitterest ingredient in coffee.

Cold is better than hot

Tasting hot coffee is the worst way to taste it. The latent characteristics and delicacy of coffee can be realized only when it is cooled, but coffee will lose its mellow and rich flavor with the passage of time, so it is best to drink it within 10 minutes after brewing. Coffee should not be kept warm on the coffee machine for more than 20 minutes. It will lose its flavor if left for too long. It is recommended to use an incubator or vacuum to keep the coffee warm and fragrant for a long time.

Coffee bean grinding

The roasted coffee beans

The operation of grinding into powder is called crushing.

The props used to grind coffee beans are called grinders.

It is said that Beethoven put 60 coffee beans into the grinder every morning.

Grind and then brew coffee

While grinding the coffee

While enjoying its fragrance

And then experience the fun excitedly.

According to its size, the grinding methods of coffee beans can be divided into three types: rough grinding, medium grinding and fine grinding. Use the appropriate grinding method according to the coffee utensils.

There is also medium fine grinding or very fine grinding (powdered coffee powder) which is finer than fine grinding. The timing of grinding coffee beans is before brewing coffee, only the need for grinding is the top grade. After the coffee bean is ground into powder, its surface area increases and absorbs moisture, which is easy to oxidize. In short, with the passage of time, coffee powder also plays a role of deterioration to damage the flavor. And after the ground coffee beans are placed, the carbon dioxide retained inside the beans will be lost together with the aroma. In this way, when the coffee powder is extracted and filtered, the coffee powder should be expanded without expansion, and you can't make delicious coffee anyway. The secret is to consider grinding and homework consistently, so brewing coffee is the most delicious and mellow.

Fine grind

◎ fine grinding (fine particles, the same size as sugar)

Medium grind

Grinding in ◎ (particles the same size as a mixture of granulated sugar and coarse white sugar)

Regular grind

◎ rough grinding (coarse particles, the same size as coarse sugar)

The knack of grinding coffee beans

The grinding prop for coffee beans is a grinder. There are numerous types of mills ranging from manual at home to large electric ones for business. Household grinders can also be used as decorations, and the number of people need more than one grinding, or electric to facilitate.

According to the structure of the grinder, there are grinders that use vertical and horizontal groove blades to cut coffee beans and those that grind coffee with molars. Each has its own advantages, and the situation of business use tends to mass production of the electric type as the mainstream.

However, the following two points should be paid most attention to when grinding coffee beans:

The friction heat of ① is suppressed to a minimum. (the aroma will fly away because of the fever)

Whether the size of ② particles is uniform or not. (if the particles are uneven, the concentration will be uneven.)

Taking this as a consideration, if you are a household mill, you should rotate it gently and take care to avoid friction heat as much as possible. Therefore, it is more appropriate to use electric grinders.

How to use the mill

Grind the beans before brewing.

There are two types of household mills: manual and electric. The manual type is used if the number is small, while the electric type is more convenient for the large number of people.

Determine the grinding method (particle size) with the bubbling apparatus.

Manual grinders should be careful not to produce friction heat only. And pay attention to whether it is mixed with other things.

Whether the granules of ground coffee beans are large and neat or not should be checked. (in the case of uneven particles, it is possible that the function of the grinder is always, or coffee roasting is not symmetrical, etc.)

The mixing of coffee and milk

In recent years, the rise of cafes has led to a domestic coffee craze. Even if you don't know anything about coffee, you can enjoy a cup of rich and fragrant coffee as long as you follow the exquisite design of menu. So the leisure afternoon tea, which you can only see in the movie, is no longer a dream. If you can sit for two hours, flip through magazines and listen to the light selections for guests in the store, you will suddenly feel so happy!

If you like to drink coffee, drink it often, start to get familiar with your favorite taste, and sometimes try other flavors, gradually, you will want to understand the differences between these different names of coffee, why do you like some flavors so much, and why do you drink them for a long time? the taste that you really like to drink seems to be hidden in the bottom of your heart, but why can it not go away?

To discuss Italian coffee, you can start with the ratio of coffee to milk. Some people think that espresso is too strong and worry that too much caffeine will affect sleep or health, so they choose French coffee, milk coffee or caffe Latte.

But in fact, a cup of Espresso uses about 7g to make 45cc coffee, while a cappuccino or latte uses 60cc, so although there is a lot of milk and foam to dilute the rich feeling of coffee, the amount of coffee has not decreased at all, but increased. Real coffee connoisseurs will mostly use Espresso to measure the power of the bar, because Espresso can not be covered with water and milk, so it can best show the original taste of coffee.

The ratio of coffee to milk to foam in the latte is 1:8:1, so it can be said to be a burden-free cup of coffee, can drink the warmth of milk, like a cup of milk coffee, but drink milk with coffee flavor.

Mocha is diluted with a lot of milk, is a deformation of coffee, can be said to be the most fancy kind of espresso, which can add cinnamon, cocoa powder, is no longer a simple coffee, less foam than a latte, replaced by milk, whipped cream and chocolate.

Cappuccino is a very moderate cup of coffee, has a very strong taste, because cappuccino is added with milk foam, some people drink it to enjoy the taste of milk foam, enjoy the density and compactness of milk, so the proportion of milk is very important. Cappuccino can be said to be a very picky cup of coffee, coffee, milk and foam ratio is 1:1:1.

With the basic understanding of coffee, the next time you drink coffee, with a superficial understanding, use the feeling to judge the harmony between coffee, milk and milk foam, then drinking coffee will have more fun!

The relationship between coffee and water

There are all kinds of water around us. Some are called Mingshui. There are also rich types of mineral water in countries all over the world. However, the most convenient water is tap water that can be turned to a tap. So, what kind of water can be named coffee is more delicious?

It doesn't seem to taste good to make coffee after boiling mineral water. There must be a lot of people who have had this kind of experience.

Why?

In fact, that is because mineral water is hard water containing sodium, manganese and so on.

Water can be divided into "soft water" and "hard water". Sodium or manganese will be dissolved in water. After conversion, the amount of acidic sodium is less than that of soft water and more is hard water.

Generally speaking, most of the so-called "famous water" or "mineral water" have high hardness in order to make it feel delicious, while coffee is counterproductive. Hard water will cause coffee to form delicious caffeine or good quality rather bitter ingredients to extract and decompose.

Ordinary drink water (tap water) can be thought of as soft water. In short, there is no need to prepare special water, but just turn the tap to have very delicious coffee water. However, please pay attention to the following points:

When the stench of chlorine used in ① disinfection is too strong, you should avoid drinking it. Must be colorless and odorless and cannot be used.

When the meaning of ② is too strong, it can be slowly heated to make it boil, thus removing carcinogens.

③ secondary boiling water should not be used to make coffee. Try to avoid the first tap water in the morning and the water taken the day before.

The water just taken by ④ is most suitable for boiling.

⑤ with activated carbon filter and the use of water purifier is also a good method.

However, the freshly ground coffee powder, like activated carbon, has a filtering effect. That is, the effect of absorbing the stench of evil water.

After such consideration, there is usually no need to be too rigid about water quality. As long as you use delicious and fresh coffee beans, you can enjoy delicious and mellow coffee.

Roasting-branding coffee character

The Americans like shallow baking, while the British love deep baking. In the baking world, there is no unimpeded passport.

Through the burning of the fire, release the aroma of coffee, sprinkle the personality of each fruit-- sour, sweet, bitter, incisively and vividly, from the insipid raw beans to the mellow aftertaste in the cup-- baking. it is the most important station for each coffee bean to outline its character and breed its fragrance during its long journey.

Whether in a professional roaster, on your own fire or in an oven, coffee beans have to go through a number of chemical changes, make three popcorn-like sounds and lose 15% of their moisture by 25% by weight during this 12-16-minute conversation with a temperature as high as 450F (℃).

Baking process, like popcorn full of fragrance and joyful bouncing sound. From raw beans, light and medium roasting to deep roasting, the water is released again and again, the weight is reduced, but the volume slowly expands, the color of the coffee beans deepens, the fragrant oil is gradually released, and the texture becomes crisp.

Have you prepared raw beans and decided to bake coffee beans with exclusive flavor? If not, you might as well use your imagination to follow us on this fragrant baking trip.