Understanding the planting and Distribution of Coffee trees
Planting and Distribution of Coffee trees
The origin of the coffee tree is Ethiopia in Africa. In botany, coffee trees belong to the evergreen trees of the subgenus Rubiaceae, and coffee beans, commonly known as coffee beans, are actually the seeds of the fruit of coffee trees. They are called coffee beans only because they are shaped like beans. Climate is the decisive factor for coffee cultivation. Coffee trees are only suitable for growing in the tropics or subtropics, so the zone between latitude 25 degrees south and north is generally called coffee belt or coffee area.
However, not all the land located in this area can produce good coffee trees.
Planting conditions of Coffee trees
The ideal planting conditions for coffee trees are: the temperature is between 15 degrees and 25 degrees, and the annual rainfall must reach 1500 mm to 2000 mm. At the same time, the rainfall time should be in line with the flowering cycle of coffee trees. Of course, in addition to the seasonal rainfall, there should also be fertile soil and good drainage.
Fertile soil containing volcanic ash, in addition, although sunlight is an indispensable element for the growth and fruit of coffee, too strong sunlight will inhibit the growth of coffee trees, so various producing areas usually cooperate with the planting of some shade trees. The ideal altitude is 500m-2000 m above sea level. It can be seen that the conditions for the cultivation of high-quality coffee are quite strict: sunlight, rainfall, soil, air temperature, as well as the way coffee beans are harvested and the production process will affect the quality of coffee itself.
White flowers, red fruits.
The first flowering period of the coffee tree is about three years old. the five-petal tube-shaped white flowers are filled with a faint scent of jasmine and the inflorescences are arranged in dense clusters.
Flowers wither after two or three days of blooming and begin to bear fruit after a few months. The fruit is a drupe with a diameter of about 1.5cm. It turns green at first, then turns yellow gradually, and turns red when ripe. It is very similar to cherries, so it is called cherry coffee (Coffee Cherry). It can be harvested at this time.
Coffee fruit contains two seeds, namely coffee beans. The two beans are connected face to face with each other on one side of the plane.
Each coffee bean has a thin outer film, which is called silver skin, and its outer layer is covered with a yellow outer skin, called endocarp.
The whole coffee bean is wrapped in a sticky pulp to form the coffee pulp, which is soft and sweet, with the outer shell.
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The most important coffee beans in the world
At present, the most important coffee beans in the world mainly come from Arabica, Robersta and Liberia. Arabica coffee trees originating in Ethiopia account for 70% of the world's coffee production, and almost all of the world's famous coffee varieties are Arabica. Arabica coffee trees are suitable for growing in high mountains with large temperature differences between day and night, and low humidity and good drainage.
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The Life Journey of Coffee basic knowledge of Coffee
Generally speaking, it is generally accepted that coffee was first found in Abyssinia, which is now Ethiopia. According to rumors, an Abyssinian shepherd found that the goat he was raising began to dance after eating some bright red fruit and leaves. Among the facts discovered by Kaldi, some monks can watch in order to make a late-night prayer meeting.
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