What is the difference between Espresso, latte and cappuccino?

Espresso (Espresso) or espresso is a type of coffee with a strong taste by brewing coffee with extremely hot but non-boiling hot water under high pressure and grinding it into a very fine coffee powder. It was invented and developed in Italy and began in the early 20th century, but until the mid-1940s, it was a drink made solely by vapor pressure. After the invention and successful commercialization of the Spring Lever (spring piston lever) coffee machine, espresso was transformed into a drink known today. The pressure used in the manufacturing process is often 9 to 10 atmospheric pressure or bar pressure.

In terms of quality, espresso has a thicker texture than drip coffee and contains more dissolved matter per unit volume than drip coffee; usually the supply is calculated in shot. Espresso is chemically complex and changeable, many of which decompose due to oxidation or a drop in temperature. A feature of properly brewed espresso is the presence of coffee fat (crema), an amber foam that floats on the surface of espresso. It consists of vegetable oils, proteins and sugars. Coffee fat has the combination of emulsion and foam colloid.

Through the short-time and high-pressure brewing process, the unique flavor of a cup of coffee is stronger than other brewing equipment after being concentrated. However, because of the short quenching time, there are fewer ingredients in caffeine. Espresso is often used as the basis for coffee drinks mixed with other ingredients (such as milk or cocoa), such as lattes, cappuccinos, macchiato and mocha, without diluting the coffee too much.

The exact definition given in the Dr.Andrea llly book is:

Italian espresso (Espresso) is a small cup of coffee that uses excellent coffee beans to add hot water to extract the coffee liquid instantly under steam pressure.

The above is some information I came to in Baidu for your reference. In fact, both latte and cappuccino are "seasoned" coffee, and many fancy coffees need to be based on Espresso, such as the latte you mentioned. In foreign countries, especially in Italy, a cup of Espresso is the beginning of a beautiful day.