World Map of Coffee beans-take you to know 53 coffee producing areas around the world

Coffee beans can be found in many parts of the world, and can grow normally as long as the climate is right. These suitable places for growing coffee beans, usually located between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Cancer, are called "coffee growth zones".

R: Robusta coffee beans

M: Mixed coffee beans

A: Arabica coffee beans

One. Costa Coffee

Full-bodied particles, ideal acidity, unique and intense aroma

Tarrazu, Costa Rica, is one of the world's leading coffee producers, producing coffee with a light, pure flavor and pleasant aroma. Costa Rica's volcanic soils are fertile and well drained, making it the first country in Central America to grow coffee and bananas for commercial value. Coffee and bananas are the country's main exports. Coffee was introduced to Costa Rica from Cuba in 1729, and today its coffee industry is one of the most organized in the world, producing up to 1700 kilograms per hectare. Costa Rica has a population of 3.5 million, but coffee trees number 400 million, and coffee exports account for 25% of the country's total exports. Costa Rica also benefits from the Turrialba of the Central American Agricultural Research Institute (IAAC), an important international research centre, based in Tarazu.

High-quality Costa Rican coffee is known as "extra-hard" and can be grown at altitudes above 1500 meters. Altitude has always been a problem for coffee growers. Coffee beans are better at higher altitudes, not only because higher altitudes increase the acidity of coffee beans and thus enhance flavor, but also because lower night temperatures at higher altitudes cause trees to grow slowly, thus making coffee beans more flavorful. In addition, due to the high altitude drop caused by sufficient rainfall, coffee tree growth is also very favorable. However, while there are many advantages to growing coffee at higher altitudes, the additional transportation costs associated with it must be taken into account, which may well make coffee production unprofitable. Costa Rican coffee has adopted new technologies to increase efficiency, including the use of "electric eyes" to select beans and identify beans of irregular size.

In Costa Rica, coffee berries are unloaded from cattle carts. Tarasu is located south of the country's capital, San José, and is one of the country's most prized coffee plantations. La Minita Tarrazu coffee is locally famous but produced in limited quantities, about 72600 kilograms per year, grown on land called La Minita, owned by the last three generations of the McAlpine family in England. In fact, the land produces more than 450 tons of coffee per year. But Tarasulamita coffee is grown without artificial fertilizers or pesticides, and is harvested and picked entirely by hand, in order to avoid some of the damage done to the beans by air-jet sorting.

Other coffees worth mentioning are Juan Vinas (PR), H.Tournon, Windmill (SHB), Monte bello and Santa Rosa. Fine coffee is grown in Geredia and the Central Valley. Another striking coffee is Sarchi (one of the five towns that represent Costa Rica's "coffee route"), which grows on the slopes of Poas Volcano, 53 kilometers from San Jose. Saatchi was founded in 1949 and has 30770 hectares of land to grow sugar cane and coffee. The area is also known for its handicrafts, attracting tourists from all over the world.

The country's coffee industry, formerly controlled by Instituto del Café de Costa Rica (ICAFE), has been taken over by the Official Coffee Council (Oficina del Café). Among coffee exports, those deemed substandard are colored with blue vegetable dye before being recycled for domestic sale. Coffee consumed domestically (dyed blue or undyed) accounts for about 10% of total production, and local coffee consumption per capita is twice that of Italy or the United States.

Two. Cuban coffee

It would be a pity if this country, which produces nothing but cigars, did not have the best coffee to go with it.

The best coffee in Cuba is Turquino or Extra Turquino. Tukino is a coffee grade rather than a place name, just like Blue Mountain coffee. This coffee is pure in flavor, medium-grained, and because it is grown at a lower altitude, it has a lower acidity than many coffees grown in Central America.

Cuba would undoubtedly become an important supplier of coffee to the United States and Japan if it were not affected by the political climate.

Three. Dominican

Delicious, sweet, full-grain coffee The Dominican Republic shares a border with Haiti, which owns the island of Hispaniola. Like its neighbours, the Dominican Republic had a history of revolution and poverty, but now had democratic elections and relative stability. Coffee was first grown in the Dominican Republic in the early 18th century, best in the Barahona region of the southwest, but Juncalito and Ocoa also produce a superior coffee, Santo Domingo coffee, characterized by freshness, fullness, excellent acidity and pleasant aroma, so it is worth it. Unlike coffee grown in Haiti, coffee grown in the Dominican Republic is mostly washed, a sign of high quality.

IV. El Salvador

Unique, mild coffee. El Salvador is one of the small countries in Central America and has a very dense population. Its coffee flavor is characterized by excellent balance. Today, this coffee accounts for 40% of the country's exports. The best quality coffee is exported to Germany from January to March after 35% of the extra hard beans. In the early 1990s, guerrilla warfare greatly damaged the country's national economy, reducing coffee production from 3.5 million bags in the early 1970s to 2.5 million bags in 1990 - 1991. The eastern part of the country was most affected by guerrilla warfare, and many farmers and workers were forced to leave their estates. The shortage of funds has caused coffee production to plummet, from 1200 kilograms per hectare in the past to less than 900 kilograms per hectare today. In addition, in 1986 the Government imposed an additional 15 per cent duty on coffee exports, i.e. 15 per cent on top of the existing 30 per cent tax. Taxes, combined with unfavourable exchange rates, severely reduced coffee exports and, with them, quality. The government finally realized the huge role of coffee in the national economy, such as employment, foreign exchange and agricultural development, so it privatized part of the coffee export industry in 1990, hoping to increase the yield of coffee in the export market. In Cuscacbapa, El Salvador, coffee beans are packed and ready for export. El Salvador coffee is a specialty of Central America, where it is light, aromatic, pure and slightly acidic. Like Guatemala and Costa Rica, coffee in El Salvador is graded according to altitude, with the higher the altitude, the better the coffee. The best brand is Pipil, the Aztec Mayan name for coffee, which has been approved by the Organic Certified Institute of America. Another rare coffee is Pacamara, a hybrid of Pacas and Maragogype. The coffee is best grown in western El Salvador, adjacent to Santa Ana, near the border with Guatemala. Pakmara coffee grains are full, when the aroma is not too strong.

Five. Guadeloupe

Good coffee production affected by natural disasters This group of islands in the Caribbean used to be an important source of coffee. In 1789, more than 1 million coffee trees on 500 hectares produced 4000 tons, while today only 150 hectares are used for coffee cultivation. This decline can be attributed to increased sugar cane and banana production and the destruction of coffee trees by Hurricane Ines in 1996. Political reasons included the redistribution of land between 1962 and 1965, which resulted in a huge loss of coffee production. Coffee cultivation requires more hours and more capital than banana and sugar cane cultivation. Guadeloupe used to be the best source of coffee, but it no longer exports coffee. Bonifieur is rated as the best coffee in the region, a name that coffee history has prided itself on.

Six. Guatemala

The extra-hard coffee beans here are full, delicious and balanced, and the coffee made with them is pure and rich. Guatemala coffee once enjoyed a reputation as the best coffee in the world, but the quality has also declined. Happily, however, its popularity is gradually being restored.

In 1750, Father Jesuit introduced coffee trees to Guatemala, where German colonists developed the coffee industry in the late 19th century. Today, most of the coffee industry is produced in the south of the country. Here, the slopes of the Sierra Madre volcano provide ideal conditions for growing fine coffee beans, which grow at high altitudes. Critics prefer this blend of flavoured coffee with a spicy flavour to other types of coffee. The extra-hard coffee beans here are rare good coffee, it is full of particles, delicious, balanced acidity. Guatemala has also received attention for its giant coffee beans. The coffee industry, which once prospered the country, still dominates the national economy. Unfortunately, however, the political situation at home is not conducive to coffee growers. High output is usually a sign of overall economic prosperity in a country. However, coffee production in Guatemala has now declined relatively, to only 700 kg/ha, compared with 900 kg/ha in El Salvador and a staggering 1700 kg/ha in Costa Rica. Guatemala coffee exports are controlled by private companies, but the National Coffee Council (Asociación Nacional de Cafe) controls other sectors of the coffee industry. Some of Guatemala's finest coffee is exported to Japan, where it sells for $3 to $4 a cup. Most of the small-scale producers are descendants of Mayans, who like to be called natives. They are also currently benefiting from a US-funded program known locally as "The Project," which plans to invest $2.5 million to encourage small, high-quality coffee plantations. The main regions of Guatemala that produce high-quality coffee are Lake Atitlan and Huehuentenango. The aim of the project is to help break the vicious cycle of high production and low quality that has plagued the world coffee industry. Bourbon trees, for example, grow taller and produce fewer beans than the new dwarf trees, and although they are both Arabica varieties, Bourbon trees produce better beans and are more popular with foodies. The project also hopes to encourage local producers to process coffee beans themselves, since most coffee cherries are now sold to middlemen, and the value and even quality of coffee could be improved if it could be processed in local factories.

Antigua is also a famous coffee producer. Antigua coffee is produced at Hacienda Carmona, where the best quality coffee is EL Pulcal, which is not only of good quality, but also richer in flavor, taste and tobacco flavor than other coffees in Guatemala. Every 30 years or so, the area around Antigua is hit by a volcanic eruption, which provides more nitrogen to the already fertile land, and sufficient rainfall and sunshine make the area more suitable for growing coffee. Other coffee producing areas include San Marco, Oriente & Coban, Palcya, Mataquescuintia and La Uman in Zacapa. The establishment of the Specialty Coffee Association means that the government of Guatemala is beginning to pay attention to high-quality coffee, and the efforts made for it will soon bear fruit.

Seven. Haiti

Good coffee from a politically troubled land Despite its well-known problems and fluctuating coffee quality, Haiti is still trying to produce some good coffee. Most of the coffee produced in Haiti is grown purely naturally, not intentionally but as a result of shortages, because farmers are too poor to afford fungicides, pesticides and fertilizers. The main coffee-growing region of Haiti is the north of the country. Haiti coffee has a greater variety of brands, grades and varieties than any other country. In Japan, Haiti coffee is blended with Jamaica Blue Mountain coffee to give it a stronger flavor. Haiti coffee is full of particles, rich in flavor, medium to low in acidity and mild in taste.

Eight. Honduras

Generally speaking, Honduran coffee has a good reputation and is suitable for blended coffee. Coffee in Honduras was imported from El Salvador. Honduras produces high-acid, high-quality coffee. In Honduras, as elsewhere, coffee grades vary according to altitude: coffee grown between 700 and 1,000 meters above sea level is medium, coffee grown between 1,000 and 1,500 meters above sea level is excellent, and coffee grown between 1,500 and 2,000 meters above sea level is excellent. After the Brazilian frost of 1975, coffee production in Honduras increased significantly, from 500,000 bags to 1.8 million bags in 20 years. Coffee rust is a major threat to coffee in the country, especially in the east, and the spray drug used to treat it has been instrumental in boosting coffee production. All Honduran coffee is exported by individual carriers, mostly to the United States and Germany.

Nine. Jamaica

Is Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee the best coffee in the world? Almost everyone who has heard of Jamaica Blue Mountain Coffee knows that it is the most expensive coffee in the world, but not everyone knows why. Like Rolls-Royce cars and Stradivari violins (Stradivarius Violin), when something gains the reputation of "the best in the world", that reputation tends to make it its own identity and become an eternal myth. The best Blue Mountain Coffee is undoubtedly one of the best coffees available. Although the price can guarantee the supply of Blue Mountain coffee, it does not guarantee the best flavor of the coffee. It is also worth noting that the coffee is more expensive to drink than it looks. In order to taste its best flavor, you must put in more coffee beans than when drinking other coffee, otherwise the flavor will not live up to its name, so the real cost of reflecting the flavor is that it has to add 10% to 15% more coffee beans than the coffee whose price is second only to it. It is said that the real Blue Mountain coffee is made from the best local raw coffee beans, which is the pleasure of tasters. Its flavor is rich, balanced, fruity and sour, and can meet people's various needs. In addition, the flavor of high-quality fresh Blue Mountain coffee is particularly long-lasting, as drinkers say-endless aftertaste. It is necessary to take a closer look at the myth of Blue Mountain Coffee, because the image of the past is often inconsistent with the reality of today. In 1725, Sir Sir Nicholas Lawes brought the first Blue Mountain Coffee species from Martinique to Jamaica and planted them in the St.Andrew area. Today, St. Andrew is still one of the three major producing areas of Blue Mountain Coffee, while the other two are Portland and St..Thomas. In eight years, Jamaica exported more than 375 tons of pure coffee. In 1932, coffee production reached its peak and more than 15000 tons of coffee was harvested. But by 1948, the quality of coffee had declined and Canadian buyers refused to renew their contracts, so the Jamaican government set up the Coffee Industry Committee to save the fate of top coffee. By 1969, the situation had improved because the use of Japanese loans had improved the quality of production, thus ensuring the market. Even in 1969, Japanese coffee drinkers were willing to pay insurance for the coffee, but now it has reached the point of fanaticism. By 1981, about 1500 hectares of land in Jamaica had been reclaimed for coffee cultivation, followed by investment in another 6000 hectares of coffee land. In fact, today's Blue Mountain area is a small area with a planting area of only 6000 hectares, and not all coffee marked "Blue Mountain" can be grown there. Another 12000 hectares of land is used to grow two other types of coffee (non-Blue Mountain Coffee): Alpine Top Coffee (High Mountain Supreme) and Jamaican Coffee (Prime Washed Jamaican).

The real Blue Mountain Coffee is one of the most advantageous coffee growing conditions in the world. The weather, geological structure and topography of Jamaica provide a unique ideal place. The ridge across Jamaica extends to the eastern part of the island, with the Blue Mountains rising to more than 2100 meters. The cool weather, foggy weather and frequent rainfall reconcile the rich land of Rain Water. Here people use mixed planting to grow coffee trees next to banana and avocado trees on terraces. Some small estates also grow Blue Mountain Coffee, such as Wallenford Estate, Silver Hill Estate and Atlanta Estate in J.Martinez. Even the largest landowners in the region are small-scale growers by international standards, many of whom are small landowners whose families have been working on the land for two centuries. The coffee industry in Jamaica faces a series of problems, such as the impact of hurricanes, the increase in labor costs and the difficulty of mechanizing terraces. It is difficult to rationalize planting on many small estates and farms. However, Blue Mountain Coffee is one of those coffee retailers that value credibility to stock some coffee no matter what. A leading British retailer said: regardless of the price, he will continue to sell Blue Mountain coffee all year round because he has many customers who only recognize "Blue Mountain". Now, 90% of the post-harvest Blue Mountain coffee is bought by the Japanese. In 1992, Jamaica sold 688 tons of Blue Mountain coffee to Japan, 75 tons to the United States and 59 tons to Britain. Now that the rest of the world can only get 10% of the output of Blue Mountain coffee, regardless of the price, blue mountain coffee is always in short supply. In the UK, Langford Brothers Brothers has been the only supplier for many years. Later, the Edmunds Group (Edmonds Group) also received supplies from Jamaica's Salda Food Company (Salda Foods).

The difference in transportation between Blue Mountain Coffee and other coffee is that it is transported in barrels with a capacity of 70 kilograms, a replica of Bonifieur barrels produced in Guadeloupe in the last century. The barrel was originally used to carry flour shipped from the United Kingdom to Jamaica, usually with a trademark and the name of the manufacturer. The Coffee Industry Council issues certificates for all authentic Jamaican coffee and bears a stamp of approval before export.

ten. Martinique, I.

The cradle of American coffee

Martinique is a small island and the birthplace of coffee in Central America, but it produces very little coffee today. The first coffee tree in the Western Hemisphere was brought from France by Gabriel Mathieu de Clieu in the early 1820s. In his early years, Dirkley was a naval officer in Martinique. He brought back a coffee tree and planted it in Prechear. The first harvest was in 1726. Coffee was then introduced from Martinique to Haiti, the Dominican Republic and Guadeloupe. According to records, there were 18791680 coffee trees in Martinique in 1777.

The coffee trees on Martinique have witnessed the growth and destruction of an industry. Today, the island mainly exports bananas, sugar cane and pineapples.

eleven. Mexico

Coffee from the world's fourth largest coffee producer, slippery and fragrant, Mexico, the fourth largest coffee producer in the world, produces about 5 million bags of coffee a year. Most of its coffee is produced by nearly 100000 small farmers, and large estates that once manipulated the coffee industry are rare. The yield of Mexican coffee is about 630 kg per hectare. Later, the Mexican Coffee Association (Instituto Mexicano del Caf é, or Inmecafe) took control of the coffee industry. The Coffee Association controls both coffee cultivation and the market for coffee beans that can be exported since November. The association provides farmers with minimum purchase prices, technical advice and other assistance. However, since 1991, the Coffee Association's activities have been reduced and its functions are likely to be further weakened.

The collapse of the coffee agreement (Coffee Agreement) and the disappearance of price support have actually helped some producers by forcing them to develop their own brands and gain closer ties with foreign markets, while the NAFTA agreement between Canada, the United States and Mexico will further help Mexican products export to North America. Some people think that the best giant coffee beans are made in Mexico rather than Guatemala, but the supply and quality of coffee beans in both places can vary. The coffee beans, known as Maragogype, are large-grained and produce coffee that is smooth, mellow and fragrant. The poverty of farmers has caused most coffee to grow under natural conditions, that is, without the use of chemicals such as insecticides or fertilizers. The best coffee producer in Mexico is Chiapas in the south of the country, where coffee varieties including Tapanchula and Huixtla are grown. The Oaxaca region also produces high-quality coffee beans, of which the Pluma Coixtepec coffee beans, which are grown in natural conditions, are the best. The Oaxaca region also produces Altura Orisaba (Altura Orizaba) coffee and Altura Vatusco (Altura Huatusco) coffee. The Altura Coata Paike (Altura Coatapec) region produces Veracruz (Veracruz) coffee. The best giant coffee beans in Mexico are Liquidambar MS coffee beans.

twelve. Nicaragua

The excellent Nicaraguan coffee is among the highest in the world, it is mild and delicious, moderate granule, very fragrant. In many countries, coffee production has been seriously affected for political reasons. Nicaraguan coffee industry is no exception. The 1979 revolution forced coffee planters to flee to Miami. A period of indecision followed, when the government considered whether to redistribute land, including many plantations, which led to a shortage of coffee and a decline in production, from more than 1 million bags in the early 1970s to less than 600000 bags in 1990. Now the government has opened up the coffee industry and private owners have taken control of the market. The best Nicaraguan coffee is grown in the north and middle of the country, and the best coffee is produced in Jinotega and Nuevo Segovia in Matagalpa. The finest Nicaraguan coffee is classified as Middle Estrich Tamant Altura (Central Estrictamendte Altura) coffee, which has moderate acidity, delicious aroma and is very lovable. Coffee beans of poor quality are widely used to mix coffee.

thirteen. Panama

The coffee grown in the highland is absolutely high quality, but the plantation coffee is not yet on the market.

Panama coffee is smooth, light and sour, and its high-quality coffee beans are pure and distinctive. The first batch of coffee exported each year is shipped in November, and almost all high-quality coffee beans are shipped to France and Finland.

The finest coffee is grown in the north of the country, near Costa Rica and the Pacific Ocean. The Boquet district of Chiriqui province is famous for its coffee, while other regions include David, Remacimeinto, Bugaba and Tole.

Caf é Volcan Baru, recognized by critics, is of excellent quality, producing 2000 bags in 1994, accounting for 1 per cent of the country's total output.

fourteen. Puerto Rico

Yaocote's choice of coffee is the best in the world.

In 1736, coffee trees were introduced from Martinique to Puertp Rico. Most of the early coffee was grown by immigrants from Corsica. By 1896, Puerto Rico was the sixth largest exporter of coffee in the world, with most coffee shipped to France, Italy, Spain and Cuba. Coffee farms flourished in the 19th century, but the rise of sugarcane and drug farming as well as the impact of hurricanes and wars made the coffee industry lag behind and is now recovering.

Puerto Rico has a low-wage system, with a per capita hourly wage of $4.20 in 1991. Still, manual workers earn more than workers in many other coffee-producing countries, as long as Hawaii and Jamaica are on a par. Another problem facing the Puerto Rican coffee industry is that Puerto Ricans have better employment prospects because of their relatively high cultural quality in the Caribbean. Yaocote's choice of coffee, which is grown only on three farms in the southwest of the island, is fragrant and has a long aftertaste. This kind of coffee is very expensive and its flavor is comparable to that of any other coffee variety in the world. In the Yauco area, the coffee is owned and operated by local planters. The mountain climate here is mild, the plants have a long mature period (from October to February), and the soil is of high quality clay. Some old varieties of Arabica coffee beans are grown here, although the yield is lower than other varieties, but generally of high quality. People here have been using an ecological and intensive planting method, using only some low-toxic fertilizers and chemicals, and taking mixed crop planting measures to make the soil more fertile. When it comes time to pick coffee beans, people walk back and forth between coffee trees, picking only fully ripe coffee beans, and then wash them in a roller device for 48 hours.

Today, Puerto Rican gourmet coffee has been exported to the United States, France and Japan. Coffee in this country is generally carefully cultivated, with pure taste, aroma and heavy granules, among which the best is among the world's famous brands. The best coffee is Yauco Selecto, which means "Selecto". Grand Lares Yauco is produced in the southwest of the island, while Lars coffee is produced in the south-central part of the island.

Yaocote's choice of coffee, which is grown only on three farms in the southwest of the island, is fragrant and has a long aftertaste. This kind of coffee is very expensive and its flavor is comparable to that of any other coffee variety in the world. In the Yauco area, the coffee is owned and operated by local planters. The mountain climate here is mild, the plants have a long mature period (from October to February), and the soil is of high quality clay. Some old varieties of Arabica coffee beans are grown here, although the yield is lower than other varieties, but generally of high quality. People here have been using an ecological and intensive planting method, using only some low-toxic fertilizers and chemicals, and taking mixed crop planting measures to make the soil more fertile. When it comes time to pick coffee beans, people walk back and forth between coffee trees, picking only fully ripe coffee beans, and then wash them in a roller device for 48 hours.

Yaocote chooses coffee beans to be kept in shells before they are shipped and the skins are not removed until the order is shipped to ensure the best freshness of the coffee. Relevant U.S. government staff, such as FDA and USEA, will also be present when the goods are submitted, and they work to monitor producers' compliance with federal regulations. There are also staff from the local evaluation board, who take 1 bag out of every 50 bags as samples and use international gauges to evaluate their quality.

Jaime Fortu Fortuno, president of the acting bank Escogido Yauco in Escoki, pays silent attention to all this work, even the smallest details, every year. Fortuno is an investment banker who graduated from Harvard Business School. He was determined to seize every opportunity to open up a top coffee market in Puerto Rico. He expects a maximum annual output of 3000 bags of 45kg each, less than 1 per cent of the island's total coffee production.

Yaocote selected is a fascinating coffee, it has a complete flavor, no bitterness, rich nutrition, rich fruit, and is worth tasting. Even Thales in Harrogate, UK, has imported 50 bags of Yaoke specialty coffee.

fifteen. Bolivia

In the past, coffee trees in Bolivia used to act as hedges and ornaments around the garden. Real commercial production began in the early 1950s. The coffee industry in Brazil was badly damaged by the great frost in 1957, while Bolivia (Bolivia) benefited and developed rapidly. Bolivian coffee is grown at an altitude of 180,670 meters above sea level, and the Arabic washed coffee beans are exported to Germany and Sweden, which are not the best today and have a bitter taste.

sixteen. Brazil

Brazil is vividly compared to the "giant" and "monarch" of the coffee world. There are about 3.97 billion coffee trees there, and small farmers now grow 75% of the country's coffee. The number of coffee producers in Brazil is twice or even three times that of Colombia, the second largest coffee producer in the world.

Unlike in the past, Brazil's economy is now less dependent on coffee, which accounts for only 8% to 10% of GDP. Before World War II, Brazil accounted for 50% or more of the world's coffee production, and now it is close to 30%. But the country's impact on the world's coffee, especially on coffee prices, is significant. For example, two frost disasters in 1994 caused a sharp rise in global coffee prices. Since the introduction of coffee trees from French Guiana (Guyana) in 1720, coffee production has gradually become a science. Before 1990, the Brazilian government carried out strict monitoring of the coffee industry, with both strict intervention and price protection measures, and the state has been implementing minimum price protection measures for farmers, resulting in coffee overproduction. Before World War II, the remaining stock reached 78 million bags, which had to be burned by fire or thrown into the water to destroy. Since the opening of the free market in 1990, the original Brazilian Coffee Authority (IBC) has been replaced by the National Economic Association, the country's non-investment administrative body, which pursues a policy of non-intervention and allows producers to negotiate directly with exporters. The business activities of exporters are supervised by the government legislation, and the relevant departments register legitimate exporters.

As there are so many kinds of Brazilian coffee in Brazil, you can't just use the word "Brazilian coffee" to include it. Like other Arabica coffee, Brazilian coffee is called "Brazils" to distinguish it from "Milds" coffee. The vast majority of Brazilian coffee is unwashed and sun-dried and is classified according to the name of the state of origin and port of transport. Brazil has 21 states and 17 states produce coffee, but four of them produce the largest, accounting for 98 per cent of national production: Parana, Sao Paulo, Minas Gerais and Espirito Santo, with the southern state producing the most, accounting for 50 per cent of total production.

Although coffee is diverse, Brazilian coffee is suitable for the taste of the public. For example, coffee produced in the northern coastal areas has a typical iodine taste, reminiscent of the sea after drinking. This coffee is exported to North America, the Middle East and Eastern Europe.

Another kind of coffee that is interesting and worth looking for is washed Bahia coffee. This kind of coffee is not easy to find because Brazil is the world's largest consumer of coffee after the United States, and many of the best coffee can only be found in its domestic market.

In Brazil, the largest producer is Robbins. This kind of coffee is sold in the supermarket. Brazil's Robucht coffee, sold under the name Conillon, accounts for 15 per cent of total production.

Old bourbon coffee is grown on some estates in the Serrado district of Minas Greais state in southeastern Brazil. Old varieties of bourbon coffee grown on these estates, such as Capin Branco and Vista Allegre, are also sold on the market. Although they come from the same area, these coffees have their own characteristics. Cappinblanco coffee is smoother than Vesta Allegre coffee, while Vesta Allegre coffee is strong and black, both of which have lower acidity. However, like all Brazilian coffee, they are most suitable for drinking when they are fresh and tender, because the older they are, the more acidic they are. These coffee growers have organized themselves into the Brazilian Special Coffee Association (the Speciality Coffee Association of Brazil).

seventeen. Ecuador

Probably the highest Arabica coffee grower in the world.

The Arabian Coffee Tree was first introduced to Ecuador (Ecuador) in 1952 and its coffee is of good quality, especially the coffee harvested in early June. Ecuadorian coffee beans can be divided into two varieties: Galapagos and Gigante, both of which have the characteristics of large granules and heavy weight. Ecuadorian coffee can be divided into first class according to quality (No. 1) and Extra Superior. They are mainly exported to the Nordic countries of Scandinavia.

The main problem facing coffee producers is their efforts to maintain stable quality. The coffee here is generally well-balanced and refreshing, with a unique aroma.

Ecuador is one of the few countries in South America that produces both Arabica coffee and Robbins coffee. However, as the land suitable for Arabica coffee trees is decreasing, the production of Robbins coffee is gradually increasing. The best Arabica coffee comes from the Andes, especially the Chanchagu Valley (Chanchamgo Valley), which is divided into two mountains, extending from south to north to central Ecuador.

eighteen. Colombia

The largest producer of quality coffee in the world!

Traditional deep-roasted coffee has a strong and memorable taste.

Coffee was first introduced to Colombia in 1808 when it was brought by a priest from the French Antilles via Venezuela. Today, the country is the second largest producer after Brazil, with an annual output of 13 million bags of 60 kg each, while Brazil produces 22 million bags. The status of coffee in Colombia is illustrated by the fact that all vehicles entering the country must be sprayed and sterilized so as not to inadvertently cause disease and damage coffee trees.

Colombian coffee is one of the few original coffee sold in the world under the name of the country. In terms of quality, it has won praise unmatched by other coffee. The country is the world's largest exporter of Arabica coffee beans, while Robbins coffee is rarely grown. It is also the world's largest exporter of washed coffee beans (Washed beans). Compared with other producing countries, Colombia is more concerned with developing products and promoting production. It is this, coupled with its superior geographical and climatic conditions, that makes Colombian coffee excellent in quality and delicious and famous all over the world.

The country's coffee-producing areas are located in the foothills of the Andes, where the climate is mild and the air is humid. Colombia has three Cordilleras mountains (sub-mountain system) running north and south, right into the Andes. Coffee is grown along the highlands of these mountains. The mountain steps provide a diverse climate, which means that the whole year is the harvest season, with different kinds of coffee ripening at different times. And fortunately, unlike Brazil, Colombia doesn't have to worry about frost. There are about 2.7 billion coffee trees in Colombia, 66 per cent of which are planted in modern plantations and the rest on small, traditionally run farms.

In the early 1960s, coffee production was about 600kg per hectare. Now it has risen to about 900kg, and some farms can reach 2500 kg. However, quality assurance is a top priority for the coffee industry. Colombia established the National Coffee Management Association (Federacion Nacional de Cafeteros, or FNC) in 1927, which is responsible for quality supervision. Although the association is a private company, it acts on behalf of the government. In addition to organizing the industry, the association is also responsible for raising funds in a bumper harvest year. Coffee prices have tended to fall over the past few years, and the association has almost exhausted its reserves. The National Coffee Management Association is also responsible for health care, education, road construction, hiring planting technicians, conducting investigations, monitoring product quality, directly handling 50 per cent of total exports, and employing marketing personnel. Like Kenya's National Coffee Management Association, it is a model of coffee organization.

Colombian coffee farmers can sell all their products to the Coffee Management Association at an official low price, or to exporters, who may offer a higher price or no bid at all. In fact, the Coffee Management Association (FNC) controls exports to Europe, while coffee to the United States is mainly exported through private exporters. However, all exports are subject to the lowest export price.

Colombia is fortunate to have Atlantic and Pacific ports, which helps to reduce the cost of transporting coffee, which is the only country in South America. The main production areas of Colombia are in the central and eastern mountains. The most important plantations along the central mountains are located in Medellin, Armenia and Manizales, where coffee is of the best quality and high price, characterized by full grains, rich nutrients, rich aromas and moderate acidity. These three regions are referred to as MAM (the initials of the major cities of the three regions). Most of Colombia's top coffee for export comes from MAM. Along the eastern mountains, the two best areas are around Bogot á and north around Bucaramanga. Bogota coffee is less acidic than Medellin coffee, but the two are of the same quality.

German imports account for 25 per cent of Colombia's total exports, reflecting the country's excellent quality. The coffee grade is divided into top grade (Supremo), excellent grade (Excelso) and top grade (UGQ, Unusual Good Quality). Klauss coffee in the excellent grade is exported to Germany and Europa coffee is exported to Nordic countries. Excellent grade coffee and top coffee can be bought in most coffee shops. The difference between the two professional regulations is that the coffee beans used in top coffee are larger, and the raw materials are taken from newly harvested coffee beans, so it is easier to ensure the quality of the products. Excellent coffee is usually softer and slightly more acidic than top coffee, but both are aromatic coffee with moderate granules and excellent fruit. Colombian coffee is often described as having a silky taste. Of all the coffees, it has the best balance, soft and smooth taste, and can be drunk at any time.

The thorny question facing Colombian coffee growers is whether to replace bourbon coffee with fast-growing and high-yielding Arabica coffee trees. Some people say that the quality will not be as good as it used to be, but others say that in the place where coffee is most suitable for growth, there will not be much difference in quality.

nineteen. Peru

Coffee is high-quality and balanced and can be used for mixed drinks.

Peru (Peru) is also a big coffee producer. Up to 98% of Peruvian coffee is grown in forest areas, and most producers are small farmers.

Peru has good economic conditions and a stable political situation, thus ensuring the good quality of coffee. However, there are many local problems, in addition to guerrilla warfare and drug trafficking, the emergence of cholera along the coast in the mid-1990s led to a further economic depression, and what is more, the annual inflation rate reached 7000%.

In the mid-1970s, Peruvian coffee production was about 900000 bags a year, and then steadily increased to about 1.3 million bags a year. Although private exporters buy coffee in remote areas through middlemen, the main market is still monopolized by the government. Then came the private Comera de Exportadores de Cafe del Peru, which is committed to improving the quality of coffee. Its primary task is to set standards and eliminate inferior products, thus creating an atmosphere of quality supremacy. This positive move heralds a bright future for the coffee industry. Since then, rising prices have encouraged farmers to actively grow coffee rather than cocoa, the region's traditional cash crop.

Peru's finest coffee is produced in Chanchmayo, Cuzco, Norte and Puno. Most Peruvian coffee is grown under natural conditions, but it is also difficult to confirm the cultivation of all coffee trees. Coffee grown under natural conditions costs 10% to 20% more than others, and farmers may not have the money to buy chemical fertilizers and pesticides in terms of poverty, but it is really difficult to confirm all the coffee.

The quality of Peruvian coffee is comparable to that of any kind of coffee in Central or South America. The high quality coffee produced by Peru is shipped to Germany for blending and then to Japan and the United States, which also illustrates its high standard of quality.

twenty. Galapagos Islands

Coffee is grown in Saint Crst ó bal. St. Cristobal is a larger island in the Galapagos Islands (Galapagos Islands) and the only one in the archipelago with plenty of fresh water. At an altitude of 410m, there is a small lake called El.Junco, which forms streams along the rocks and volcanic rocks on the southern slope of the island, and mineral-rich fresh water moistens the land of St. Cristobal, keeping the soil moist and fertile.

In 1875, the Ecuadorian native Ma Covos planted about 100 hectares of Arabian bourbon coffee trees at the Hasunda Coffee Garden (Hacienda El Cafetal) in San Cristobal. The elevation of the plantation is between 140m and 275m, and the climate in this area is equivalent to that of 910m to 1830 m inland. This gradient is suitable for the growth of high acidity extra hard coffee beans (SHB) and is the key to the high quality of coffee.

As the world coffee industry is moving towards a targeted mass production model, a small and uncertain coffee industry like St. Cristobal is in trouble and may eventually be forced to give up without profit.

In the early 1990s, however, the Gonzalez family bought Hasunda Coffee Park. The localized microclimate caused by the Humboldt current (Humboldt Current), strong equatorial sunlight and sharp temperature changes (43 ℃ at sea level and 10: 16 ℃ at 275m above sea level) provided unique advantages that prompted the Gonzalez family to expand their coffee plantation.

Since then, the area of the coffee plantation has doubled through the reclamation of early land. Because of the unique role of the Galapagos Islands in the course of history, the Government of Ecuador has designated the Galapagos Islands as a national park and no longer allows the land to be reclaimed as new agricultural land. and the introduction and use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides and other chemicals are strictly prohibited, so coffee in the Galapagos Islands is recognized as a natural product.