What are the varieties of coffee trees in China? introduction to the altitude of coffee planting environment in Yunnan

What are the varieties of coffee trees in China? introduction to the altitude of coffee planting environment in Yunnan

Coffee fruit contains two seeds, namely coffee beans. The two beans are connected face to face with each other on one side of the plane. Each coffee bean has a thin outer film, which is called silver skin, and its outer layer is covered with a yellow outer skin, called endocarp. The whole coffee bean is wrapped in a sticky pulp to form a soft and sweet pulp with an outer shell at the beginning of the 20th century when overseas Chinese brought coffee back from Malaysia to grow in Hainan Province. Later, tropical and subtropical provinces in the south began to grow plant coffee one after another. Although the cultivation time is short, the coffee from Hainan and Yunnan provinces in China has excellent quality and unique charm, so it enjoys a high reputation in the world. After some foreign businessmen buy it at a low price, it is processed and sold to the international market. It has become an expensive world-class drink, especially the small-grain coffee grown in Yunnan Province. Because of the large temperature difference between day and night in Yunnan, it is conducive to the accumulation of substances in it. Therefore, it tastes strong but not bitter, fragrant but not strong, oily and fruity, so it is praised as "the best quality coffee in the world" by coffee merchants at home and abroad.

Bourbon: juxtaposed with Tibica as an ancient and excellent variety. Some botanists even believe that Bourbon is a variant of the early Tibika transplanted to Yemen, where the bean shape changed from a thin tip to a round body. It was not until 1715 that France transplanted Mocha round beans from Yemen to the island of Bourbon on the east coast of Africa, and it was not until 1715 that it received the name round bourbon. Bourbon, which spread to Brazil and Central and South America in 1727, is also round beans. In addition, the British transplant of Yemeni mocha to St. Helena Island in 1732 was also a round bean. interestingly, it did not pass through Bourbon Island, but it was named Green Top Bourbon. It can be seen that the industry thinks that all the world's bourbon beans come from Bourbon Island is a big misunderstanding. It is important to recognize that there are many round bourbon beans that spread directly from Yemen without passing through the island of bourbon. In 181○, some of the round beans on Bourbon Island mutated into pointed beans, also known as the "pointed body of bourbon." its caffeine content was only half that of ordinary coffee, and its output was low, weak, and extremely rare.

With the exception of Ethiopia, the origin of Arabica, the mutants or mixed-race varieties cultivated or found in Central and South America, India and East Africa are mainly Tibica and bourbon, and the genetic complexity is far lower than that of Ethiopia. this is the main reason for the weak physique and poor disease resistance of Arabica outside Ethiopia.

In addition, the biggest thing that bourbon and Tibica have in common is that shade trees must be "protected" to help block the sun. These two ancient varieties, such as unshaded trees, will not be conducive to growth and flavor development.