Detailed illustration of the basic concept and correct method of hand-brewing coffee in the teaching of hand-brewing coffee

For professional baristas, please follow the coffee workshop (Wechat official account cafe_style)

1. Brief introduction of appliances:

1. "thin-mouth kettle": the small-mouth kettle can effectively control the size and stability of the water column (including whether the stability of the water column continues to be good when the water level drops).

2. "filter paper": choose filter paper of the same size according to the size of the filter cup, and the material of the filter paper will also affect the flow rate.

3. "Upper seat-filter cup": the material is related to the effect of temperature retention in the brewing process, and the hole mesh is related to the flow rate of coffee leakage.

4. "bottom seat-glass pot": there is a mark on the amount of water or the number of cups, which is easy to observe whether the amount of water dripping is enough.

5. "thermometer": you can know the cause of temperature more accurately. Usage: the temperature measuring point is in the middle of the water, do not directly contact the thermometer to the bottom.

6. "Bean grinder": in addition to being helpful to freshness, the size of grinding particles is also an important factor.

Second, basic concepts:

1. The ratio of coffee to water: usually when you buy a filter cup, you will attach a coffee spoon, about 8g per flat spoon. The advantage of drinking light hand-made coffee is that it can pull away the flavor of fresh coffee beans. The ratio of coffee powder to water is about 1g of coffee powder to 10c.c. Water, so a glass of 150c.c. About two flat tablespoons of coffee powder are used for coffee.

two。 The emphasis can be placed on not breaking the water column (tick-tock appearance) and whether the coffee in the next seat reaches the target. Most beginners pay too much attention to the circle and fail to notice the amount of water, making the coffee too weak.

3. Water column: the water in the kettle will wobble greatly because of the inertia caused by the circle, making the outlet water from large to small.

4. Circle: the purpose of making a circle by hand is like stirring. The back and forth circle of the water column is the action of stirring the coffee powder on the surface. In the circle, you can see that the color of the coffee powder washed by the water is different from the others, as long as the color gradually rushes the powder layer evenly.

5. The height of the outlet: the higher the distance from the outlet to the powder layer, the greater the impact on the powder layer.

6. Soaking time: the size of water column, the thickness of coffee powder and the pore size of the filter cup will affect the speed of coffee outflow.

III. Usage

Filter paper folding method

Fold back and forth according to the stitches on both sides of the filter paper, and then stretch them out.

"Control of the size of water column"

"Operation steps"

1. Put the filter cup on the glass pot.

two。 Pour hot water into the pot and insert it into the thermometer.

3. Fold the filter paper and make it stick to the filter cup.

4. Pour the filter paper with hot water so that the filter paper is pasted flat on the filter cup and warm the filter cup and the glass pot at the same time.

5. Pour the coffee powder into the filter cup, pick up the filter cup and pat the side with your hand to make the coffee powder surface slightly flat.

6. Start from the center point of the filter cup, around the center to the periphery and back to the center as a circle.

7. Wet the coffee powder on the first lap and stop (do not drop too much coffee water, 3 drops is the standard)

8. Take a look at the development of the bubble, about 40 seconds (when the bubble collapses, it begins to burst)

9. Then circle repeatedly, rinse to the required amount of water (usually a cup of 150 ~ 180cc).

"detailed illustration"

"first lap": steaming-soaking coffee powder evenly, start timing

"the second lap": let the powder layer develop upward

The third lap: the amount of coffee made to a cup of coffee. At this time, the foam is whitening and most of the material has been washed out.

[four major causes]

Temperature

1. Extraction efficiency: the temperature of water affects the extraction efficiency of coffee. If the coffee is too bitter and scorched, try lowering the temperature. On the other hand, if you feel that there is still a lot of flavor unreleased, you can consider raising the temperature. two。 The development of the powder layer: another noteworthy place is the development of the powder layer. The powder layer contains bubbles, which are full of coffee liquid and air. The denser the bubbles, the better the effect of soaking in the filter droplets. In the case of shallow baked beans or grinding too fine, the powder layer is not easy to expand, we can consider increasing the water temperature to assist the development of the powder layer.

Grinding thickness

The thickness of powder has a high influence on the flow rate and the development of powder layer. Extraction efficiency: the finer the grinding, the more the number of particles, the greater the extraction efficiency. two。 Powder layer development: usually the fresher the coffee beans, the better the powder layer will swell. However, if the grinding is too rough, because the water passes quickly, it is disadvantageous to the development of the powder layer. When grinding is too fine, because the water is not easy to pass, it will get stuck on the powder, and the development of the powder layer is not good, so the appropriate grinding thickness must be used. (for Pegasus and Eagle, about 3.0-3.5)

Baking degree

1. Shallow roasting: shallow roasted coffee beans are relatively dense, it is recommended to use a high temperature of more than 90 ℃ and a smaller water column, so it is easier to rush out the flavor. two。 Deep baking: the deeper the baking, the looser the tissue structure, the faster the extraction efficiency of soluble matter, the better water absorption, the powder layer is easy to expand by water, but the bitter taste is relatively heavy. 3. Therefore, the suggestions of baking degree and temperature are as follows: shallow baking: the temperature is about 90 ~ 92 degrees. After boiling, pour into a copper pot and bake deeply: the temperature is about 88 ~ 90.

Soaking time

1. Extraction efficiency: the longer the soaking time, the greater the extraction efficiency. two。 The overall cooking time is about 3 minutes, and the size of the water column can be adjusted as close to the target time as possible.

Grinding thickness

The temperature of water

The roasting depth of coffee beans

Extraction efficiency

Fine

High

Deep

Come on!

Coarse

Low

Shallow

Slow

[time and flavor of extraction]

It is not that the more ingredients are extracted, the better, just like tea soaked in hot water, the shorter the time, the more tasteless; but for a long time, it is prone to miscellaneous taste, astringency and other uncomfortable taste. The goal of our extraction is to find the most suitable point, so that there is more pleasant taste and less uncomfortable taste as much as possible.