What is Panamanian Rose Summer? the Historical Origin of Panamanian Rose Summer

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Panama is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the east, the Pacific Ocean to the west, Costa Rica to the north and Colombia to the south-it is an important isthmus connecting North and South America. The finest coffee in Panama (Panama) is grown in the west of the country, near Costa Rica and the Pacific Ocean. The microclimate of the highlands is the most important resource that makes Panamanian coffee unique. Cold air flows through the Central Mountains and converges above 6500 feet, creating a variety of microclimates in the Poquet Boquete and Volc á n-Candela areas, making it a major producer of Panamanian coffee. These unique coffees are grown in nutritious and balanced land located in the Baru volcano region. The appropriate microclimate, soil, temperature and height of these highlands are suitable for sowing, planting and harvesting a variety of unique coffees.

[planting history]

The history of Panamanian coffee began in 1780 when Europeans first brought the first tin pickup Typica trees to Panama. The construction of the Panama Canal 100 years ago attracted a large number of senior European intellectuals. After the completion of the construction of the canal, a large number of senior engineers stayed because they were infatuated with the excellent climate of western Panama. The purchase of a manor in Pocket opened a precedent for the cultivation of boutique coffee in Panama. For Panamanians at that time, such drinks were both novel and mysterious, which not only quickly conquered people's senses, but also led to the widespread planting of coffee trees by local people. But the early Panamanian coffee was not famous and produced little. Riding on the third wave of coffee aesthetic trend, after gradually learning to taste a single taste of beans, the so-called manor boutique coffee began to become a trend. But why did geisha suddenly become popular in 2004 and occupy the top coffee list for a long time? It starts with the origin of a geisha.

Where exactly does Geisha come from?

Geisha coffee beans, some people call it Rose Summer Coffee or Yiqiu beans, are actually the same kind of coffee beans. Its name comes from Geisha Mountain in Ethiopia, which sounds like the famous Japanese geisha, hence its name.

According to the investigation of various sources, it turns out that this coffee bean originated from southwestern Ethiopia, and the spread route is roughly as follows: in 1931, the British envoy went to Geisha Mountain in Ethiopia to collect disease-resistant bean seeds-1931-1932 seeds were spread to Kitale in Kenya under the names of Geisha and Abyssinian-- young plants were transplanted in 1936 to the Ryan Mu Ancient Coffee Institute (Lyamungu) in Uganda and Tanzania for trial planting in 1953. The CATIE Coffee Research Institute in Costa Rica has repeatedly introduced young plants from Ryan Mugu and other countries. The geisha coffee tree was introduced from Costa Rica to Panama by Don Pachi Serracin in 1963. Because the yield is not high, it directly affects the harvest and the coffee farmers are not willing to grow it.

It wasn't until DanielPeterson, the owner of the Panama La Esmeralda in Panama, accidentally discovered that at the top of his coffee farm, the coffee beans produced by these geisha coffee trees, which used to be used as a windbreak, had the citrus and floral aroma peculiar to African beans. Independent of its coffee beans, participate in the 2004 Panamanian coffee bean cup test competition and become a hit. Since then, kabou has been unstoppable and has won the Panamanian coffee cup test competition for many years. In the eyes of boutique coffee lovers all over the world, geisha coffee beans are undoubtedly the supreme treasure. But geisha have been around for decades, it is difficult to determine whether today's geisha are the same seeds introduced in those years, and whether they have experienced hybrids is no longer known.

Green leaf (Green Tip) rose variety and copper leaf (Bronze Tip) rose variety

The green leaf rose summer is characterized by floral fragrance, strong sour taste and sweetness; on the contrary, the copper leaf rose summer is mainly heavy and sweet, and the sour taste is not obvious.

Other varieties include typica, Catuai, Pacamara, Bourbon, Mundo Novo and Kaddura.

[famous producing areas]

Boquete Bokui specialty area: 1450 meters above sea level, the coffee produced in this area is the area with the highest coffee output and the best quality in Panama.

Baru Volcan Baru Volcano producing area: 2000-3000 meters above sea level. The coffee in this area is characterized by a mild and balanced flavor, which has gradually attracted the attention of international experts and coffee lovers.

Santa Clara Santa Clara producing area: 1500 meters above sea level, this area is irrigated by Chorerra Falls and adjacent to the Panama Canal, allowing coffee from all over Panama to be easily transported to all parts of the world.

Piedra de Candela Kendra producing area: 1200 meters above sea level, this producing area is the most promising and has the potential to develop high-quality premium coffee.

Other areas include David, Remacimeinto, Bugaba and Tole.

[famous manor]

* Jade Manor La Esmeralda Estate, Panama:

RudolphA.Peterson, a former president of Bank of America, was a big shot in financial circles at the time. Rudolph bought Hacienda La Esmeralda only for vacation and later retirement, and it should not have been expected that the estate would become world-famous and even become a representative of the Panamanian boutique coffee estate. In 1973, his son Price. Peterson earned a doctorate in neurochemistry in the United States, but returned to Bouquete to help his father run the farm. After taking over, Price divides the market into three major brands to sell according to altitude and micro-climate, cup performance and planting varieties (EsmeraldaSpecial,Diamond Mountain grows,Palmyra). Since 2012, Rosa (Geisha / Geisha) has become one of the four major brands.

The jadeite farm of the Peterson family manages the coffee farm in an enterprise way, centering on Mario Caballeriza Naranjo (three producing areas with the same high mountain, Mario, about 1500 Mario, about 1650 meters above sea level, Caballeriza, about 1500 meters above sea level, and Naranjo, about 1450 meters above sea level). It acquires nearby coffee farms with different elevation topography and soil (volcanic terrain), and uses the most advanced and meticulous production and planting technology and strict management of its coffee farms to produce high-quality Geisha coffee. In addition, the coffee beans grown by Geisha are very suitable for the natural conditions of Panama, so the Geisha produced by the Jade Manor is as precious as pearls.

[Emerald Manor] consists of four farms: Ca ñ as Verdes, El Velo, Jaramillo and Palmira. All coffee beans are sent to four farms for post-processing. The first farm bought by the Peterson family, the owner, was Palmira. After years of verification, the roses collected by coffee trees growing above 1400 meters above sea level can show the special flavor of roses. Therefore, the main classification is based on the planting height, supplemented by the actual cup test results, divided into "red, green, blue standard" grade roses summer beans.

[red Standard]: planted 1600-1800 meters above sea level, cup test score of more than 90 points, mainly produced from Jaramillo and Ca ñ as Verdes manor, but also the highest quality roses summer beans, can only be purchased through the annual global auction, with a special, bright floral and citrus aroma.

[green mark]: micro-batch coffee beans from three different estates of Jaramillo, Quiel and Ca ñ as Verdes are planted at an altitude of 1600-1800 meters. Although they are not the most advanced bidding beans, this grade of rose summer beans still have the classic flavor of Rosa coffee beans, floral, fruity, citrus sour, thick and juicy taste.

[blue label]: micro-batch coffee beans from three different estates of Jaramillo, Quiel and Ca ñ as Verdes are planted at an altitude of 1600-1800 meters. Although they are not the most advanced bidding beans, this grade of rose summer beans still have the classic flavor of Rosa coffee beans, floral, fruity, citrus sour, thick and juicy taste.

* Manor Alida, Panama ElidaEstate:

The history of the farm dates back to 1918. The farm was owned by the Lamastus family, and the name of the farm, Elida Alida, was the name of the then farmer, Mrs. Robert Louis Lamastus. Elida Manor is located in the Boquete producing area, the elevation of the manor is almost the highest in Panama, and nearly half of the area is in the National Conservation Park, is a rare ultra-high altitude manor in Central America!

Elida Manor has a total area of 65 hectares, more than half of which are located within the Baru Volcano National Park, 30 hectares of the estate are planted with coffee trees, and the remaining 35 hectares are virgin forests. Coffee is grown from 1670 to 1850 meters above sea level, making it one of the two highest coffee farms in Panama (the other estate with such elevations should be Carmen in the Vulcan Valley).

There are three main varieties of planting, namely, Catuai (Kaduai), Typica (Iron pickup) and Geisha (Rose Summer). The processing plant of the manor is halfway up the hillside. After the coffee is picked, it can be transported to the factory for processing as soon as possible to ensure that the quality of the coffee fruit will not be affected. Of course, Elida's environment is also suitable for growing other high-quality temperate crops, especially tree tomatoes and some uncommon high-altitude fruits, which are interestingly often found in Elida coffee.

Mr. Wilford, the owner of the estate, in addition to the extremely strict treatment of coffee cultivation, the "purification" after the processing of raw beans is also more stringent than those in the same industry. Alida of Panama, for example, needs to go through more than 5 months of low-temperature Resting to remove green after raw beans are processed, so that the flavor of coffee can be more balanced and full development.

* Don Pepe Manor Don PepeEstate, Panama:

Don Pepe Manor (Don PepeEstate) is located on the hillside of the Baru Volcano volcano in Pokuit, Panama, which is 1600 meters above sea level. The average temperature is 20 degrees Celsius, the average rainfall is 98 inches, and the rich volcanic soil.

In order to achieve and maintain the quality of beans, DonPepe Estate Tang Pepe Manor will only produce "purebred", planting various varieties in order to achieve the highest quality coffee cups. In Tang Pei Pei, the following varieties are available: Katula, Catuai, bourbon Bourbon,Typica,Java and geisha Geisha. These beans benefit from the microclimate throughout the year, with an average temperature of 21 degrees and rainfall of 2950mm, combined with volcanic soil to produce extraordinary aromas and flavors. Strict environmental protection technology is adopted to realize the sustainable development of coffee cultivation.

* Hartman Manor FincaHartmann, Panama:

Today's Hartman Manor is a family business founded by Latip Hartman (son of Eloise) in 1940. In 1966 Latip married Dinola Sandy of Costa Rica. They have five sons, Latipa Jr., Alan, Alexander, Alice and Kelly. Each family member is responsible for the growth management, harvesting and handling of the coffee and the visit to the manor. A family estate that has grown coffee for more than 100 years is a legend in itself.

Today's Hartman Manor is a family business run by Latibor and the five children of his wife Dinola Sandy. They now have two coffee farms: Ojo de Agua and Palo Verde,Palo Verde Farm, also known as Hartmont. The coffee grown here also grows under the shade trees of the rainforest, with an average elevation of 1250 meters and an average annual temperature of between 12.7 and 26.6 degrees. With an annual rainfall of 4500 mm, the manor has paths and dirt roads extending in all directions, as well as a small museum with a collection of insect specimens and local indigenous cultural relics.

Hartman Manor has a wide variety of coffee, including Typica, Kaddura, Catuai, Bourb ó n, Pacamara, Maragogipe and Geisha. People grow coffee here in accordance with the requirements of green environmental protection, and the farm compost is made of pulp and cherry skins. The treatment methods used are not only the traditional manual methods, such as solarization, honey treatment, but also the recent rapid development of red wine treatment and so on.

* Johnson Manor Panama Janson, Panama:

The owner of the estate, Mr. Carl Janson, who was originally Swiss, came to Panama and fell in love with Volcan, a place surrounded by mountains similar to his native Switzerland. He married his wife Margaret and bought the estate in 1940.

With an average elevation of about 1700 meters, the manor is covered with nutrient-rich volcanic soil with abundant rainfall and suitable temperature. The operators of the Jensen family follow the principle of environmentally friendly operation, adopt a 100% sustainable planting method, and specially build treatment plants to treat coffee cherries and use them as farm fertilizer; only 2000 rose summers are planted per hectare to ensure that there is enough soil between the plants; half of the estate is planted with roses, ranking second in the output of Panamanian roses, and each batch of raw beans has a highly identifiable batch number that is 100% traceable.

Jansen Rose Summer is rarely heard of in China, because the Jansen Manor is mainly sold domestically, not for export. The coffee beans picked are called "cow blood red coffee cherries". They are particularly sweet and are known as "champagne of the coffee industry."

* Carmen Manor, Panama

Carmen Manor Coffee is a coffee estate dominated by the family. The family has long grown coffee under the principle of providing high-quality coffee and protecting the environment. Efrain and Carmen Franceschi began growing Arabica coffee varieties on their estate in 1950, and today, Carmen Manor's single processing plant produces about 1200 bags (60 kg each) of unique high-quality coffee beans per year.

Carmen Manor is located in the volcanic valley at an altitude of 1750 meters. The manor is blessed with fertile soil and good natural shade. In addition, this area is also affected by the dual climate of the Pacific and Atlantic Ocean, and the climate is cool. The dual characteristics of no frost damage at night and dry weather can create excellent growth conditions! Thanks to the volcano's black soil and good drainage facilities, Carmen Manor has high-quality Arabica coffee of Kaduai Catuai, Kaddura Caturra and Iron pickup Typica.

Carmen Manor has 60% of the natural primeval forest, and the coffee beans are harvested from late December to March next year. The mature coffee cherries are harvested artificially, and the waste, pulp or juice produced in the fruit treatment are properly converted into composting or recycling. Raw beans are initially sun-dried and stored in an exclusive warehouse for secondary moisture content adjustment, and then shelled before export to maintain good raw bean quality!

* Manor Finca LaValentina, Manor Saint of Panama

FincaLaValentina Manor, owned by the Osorio family, is located in Panama,Boquete,Horqueta, Panama, with varied topography and humid climate. The average temperature is about 15-20 degrees, and next to the manor there is a forest surrounding the slate mine and two clear waters, which is rich in resources and is a great planting paradise. Valentine's Manor, which covers an area of about 12.5ha, is a miniature estate in Panama. According to the owner's dictation, 8.5ha of the cultivated varieties range from the common typica, RedCatuai and Pacamara. Since 2008, a small number of areas have begun to grow geisha (Geisha) coffee, which now accounts for nearly half of the total; the manor is between 1500 and 1675 meters above sea level, with 3.5 hectares of primary forest and various fruit trees in addition to the coffee plantation, which is a typical example of a self-sufficient manor.

Love Sing Manor is best known for winning the championship in the 2011 Best Panama Competition (Best of Panama), with a cup score of 92.3 points, which not only beat the most indicative and successive championships of the Jade Manor at that time, but also broke the record high of US $70.25 per pound. The outstanding achievements in the next few years have been innumerable, and the final batch of the finest competition in Panama includes the fifth place in 2012, the 10th place in 2013, the 12th place in 2014, and the 14th place in 2015.

The unique local micro-climate also creates outstanding high-quality rosy summer. In 2011, the estate's Geisha (Rosa Coffee beans) ARISTAR won the first place in the Panama competition. In 2012, the estate's GeishaARISTAR and Valentina also won high scores of 87.07 and 84.66 respectively.

* Panama mule Manor La Mula

Mule Manor is located on the southern slope of the Walken Mountains in Chiriki province, Panama, at an altitude of 5575 to 5906 feet. The farm covers an area of 5 hectares, including about 6000 Rosa coffee trees. Among the Rosa varieties grown on the farm, three Rosa varieties have been found, including green top and copper top, as well as a natural variant hybrid dwarf variety.

The mule estate, owned by Mr. Willem Boot, is a small coffee farm focused on micro-batch production. The mule estate was bought by William Bout in 2005 and has been growing coffee since 2007. He said that when he first went to the manor, he went by La Mula because it was named the mule manor. Mule Manor cultivation began in 2007 and is made up of a team of 15 trained aboriginal coffee growers. Panamanian coffee landowner GracianoCruz planting concept: is the environmental sustainable development of high-altitude coffee and other coffee planting techniques, including coffee planting, harvesting, treatment and cup testing.

Mule Manor has a higher altitude (about 1700-1800 meters) so that coffee beans have a higher density than other rose summers. Recent measurements show that the density of mule Rosa peas can reach 840kg / m3, which is 5% higher than that of Rosa growing at 1550 meters above sea level, and it is more difficult for heat to enter the bean core. The characteristic of high density brought about by high altitude is contrary to the effect of the extended centerline, which makes baking more complex. The most difficult part is to show the flavor of the flowers. Excessive use of hot air does not help the fragrance of flowers. The more hot air is used, the more time it takes for coffee to develop its floral flavor.

* Manor NPGE, Panama 90 +

In 2009, 90 + founded NPGE Manor in Panama, all growing the most powerful Geisha coffee. Joseph Brodsky, founder of Ninety Plus Coffee, has set up Ninety plus Sensory Room (NP sensory Lab) and Solar Kiln Lab (SK treatment) in NPGE Manor, as well as various new studies different from ordinary raw bean treatment, such as red treatment (Red), ruby treatment (Ruby) and so on. Implement the Profile Processing system to the end.

After several years of planting results, NPGE launched five Geisha, including Lycello Lisilo, Perci Percy, Juliette Juliet, Silvia Sylvia and Lotus Lotus. In 2009, 90 + founded NPGE Manor in Panama, all growing the most powerful Geisha coffee. Among them, Perci has upgraded versions of Perci Red (red treatment) and Perci Ruby (ruby), which change the sweetness of Perci differently, while Silvia Sylvia and Lotus lotus are the latest new products of SK treatment.

In addition, Ninety plus Sensory Room (NP sensory Laboratory) and Solar Kiln Lab (SK treatment) are set up in NPGE Manor, as well as red treatment (Red), ruby treatment (Ruby) and other new studies which are different from the general raw bean treatment. Among them, only SK treatment (Solar Kiln) will be specially marked, and it is also because SK is a new original processing method of 90 +, and its pertinence is relatively clear, so it is specially marked.

* Don Julian Manor PanamaDon Julian, Panama

Don Julian Manor is located in Boquete, Panama. This area is a volcanic area, so the soil is very suitable for growing coffee trees. The temperature throughout the year has been maintained at 22-25 degrees during the day and 15-18 degrees at night. Six months of the year is the rainy season (coffee growing period), and the remaining six months are the dry season (coffee ripening period) is the ideal climate for coffee.

Among the local manors in Panama, there is an Asian lady who stands out. She is Kang Heakyung, the owner of Tang Julian Manor. The manor is also located in the Bokui specialty area of Panama, with an elevation of 1650 meters, excellent regional fertile volcanic soil, unique microclimate, excellent varieties and good cultivation techniques, giving birth to an amazing flavor performance. It also won the first place in the best Panamanian competition tradition group this year.

Tang Julian Manor has strict control over the picking of raw beans and the ecological environment of the manor and has achieved very good results in the Panama Raw Bean Competition (BOP) over the years. It is enough to stand side by side with other top manors in the world.

* Panama FincaSanta Teresa of Manor Santa Teresa, Panama:

Located at high altitudes, FincaSanta Teresa, FST has a unique rich black volcanic soil and is moistened by Pacific and Atlantic winds at the same time, creating a variety of microclimates. The owner of the estate runs a 100-hectare coffee farm for Juan Pablo Berard and his daughter Maria Luisia, keeping 25 hectares of virgin forest as a habitat for animals and plants. Coffee varieties are grown in Kaddura, Kaduai, Rosa, and have their own processing plants. The use of exquisite sun method, more than 20 days, let the bacteria and coffee cherry pulp gradually ferment, so the flavor is relatively sweet, but also with rich tropical fruit flavor.

[planting characteristics]

Sunshine plantation, full shade plantation, semi-shade plantation.

Fully shaded plantations: plantations with more than 50 plants per hectare are

Semi-shaded plantations: 25-50 plants

Sunshine plantation: less than 25 plants.

Shading plantations can slow down the ripening time of coffee fruits, so there are more flavor substances in coffee cherries, so shading itself increases the cost and reduces production, and its coffee flavor is higher than that of semi-shaded plantations under the same planting conditions. now most plantations in Colombia are associated with coffee trees and bananas because Arabica trees are becoming more and more dwarfed. So when the banana tree rises, it acts as a shade.

[Best of Panama abbreviated as BOP]

Best of Panama is the most eye-catching cup test competition in the world. as the first raw bean event in the world, the emergence of BOP can also be regarded as a game in the Panamanian boutique coffee industry, a game against the coffee market at that time, and successfully opened up a blue ocean for Panama to win by quality. The Panamanian Coffee International tasting Competition "The Best of Panama" is organized by the Panamanian Coffee Association (SCAP/SpecialtyCoffee Association of Panama, Asociacion de Cafes Especiales de Panama).

In the 1990s, the international coffee market was in the doldrums, and the market crisis required the coffee industry to come up with new solutions, so in 1995, seven coffee production families in Panama jointly established the Panamanian Fine Coffee Association (SpecialtyCoffee Association of Panama, hereinafter referred to as SCAP); and in 1996, they established the first Panamanian raw bean competition-Best of Panama (hereinafter referred to as BOP).

The first reaction to Panama is Rose Summer, and there are many manors that grow Rose Summer. Although the location is very close, the coffee taste and handling of each manor is slightly different, which is very interesting.

Related recommendation: what does the red mark, green mark and blue mark of Panama Colombian Rosa Coffee mean?