Peru's organic coffee industry and to which countries Peruvian coffee beans are mainly exported.

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Peru's organic coffee industry, which countries do coffee beans are mainly exported to?

Peru is located in western South America, bordering the South Pacific Ocean, between Chile and Ecuador. Peru has a very diverse climate, from the tropics in the east to the dry deserts in the west, and from the temperate zone to the cold of the Andes. Different climates are closely linked to the main geographical areas of Peru, including the western coastal plains, the central Andes, and the lowland jungles of the eastern Amazon basin.

Although coffee arrived in Peru in the mid-1700, Peruvian coffee did not begin to be exported commercially until the 20th century, when European demand increased and Indonesian coffee production declined significantly. Britain's presence and influence in the country particularly helped to increase and promote exports; at the beginning of the 20th century, the British government bought about 2 million hectares of land from the Peruvian government as payment of defaulted loans, most of which became British-owned coffee plantations.

Today, Peru has more than 110000 coffee growers. Peru's coffee exports account for 2% of the national economy and 2% of the global coffee supply. Peru is rapidly building a coffee industry chain with excellent planting technology.

Peru exports 80% of its coffee to the port of Cayao (Callao), which accounts for 3% of imports and 1% of exports. Another 20 per cent of coffee is exported to Iquitos and Matarani respectively.

Most of the coffee produced in Peru is exported. In 2012, 264343 tons of coffee were exported to the United States, Germany, Belgium, Colombia, Sweden and other countries, while domestic consumption was only about 10 per cent. In 2014, coffee leaf rust (see El Salvador for specific information on leaf rust) affected 130000 hectares of land in the central highlands of the country, resulting in a 6 per cent drop in production in 2013; a shortfall of 15 per cent compared with a peak production of 30900 tons.

Peru's coffee industry is one of the most important agricultural sectors in the country, accounting for 12 per cent of all agricultural exports in 2004. Peru is also one of the largest coffee producers in the world, exporting more than 216 million kilograms in 2006. In addition, Peru is one of the major producers of organic and fair trade coffee beans in the world. These exports make Peru the ninth largest coffee producer in the world, but only the third largest coffee exporter in South America.

Arabica coffee is grown on about 200000 farms in Peru. Most of these farms are small, with an average area of less than 2 hectares. Most coffee is processed through cooperatives and then distributed through several middlemen before being exported.

Starting from Europe and the United States, the consumer market's concept of environmental protection awareness, social justice, and personal health has become popular. at present, there is a huge demand in the world organic market, and Peruvian small farmers who seriously manage all kinds of organic agricultural products. the sky is getting wider and wider. The Peruvian government understands that organic agriculture is self-serving, and plans supporting measures in addition to encouraging small farmers to form associations or cooperatives. Peru is now the fifth largest exporter of organic agriculture.

Cajamarca is a coffee-producing region in northern Peru that covers the northern tip of the Andes. Due to the passage of the equator and suitable soil, the coffee quality in the area is quite good.

Peruvian coffee and cocoa growers are mostly small farmers with only one to three hectares of land, many of whom live in remote mountainous areas, and transportation alone takes a lot of time. Small coffee farmers in Kahakama area usually have good technical and organizational support.

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