Where are Arabica and Robusta varieties distributed? I characteristics of their respective coffee flavor

Professional coffee knowledge exchange more coffee bean information please follow the coffee workshop (Wechat official account cafe_style)

Where are Arabica and Robusta varieties distributed and the characteristics of coffee

Arabica coffee tree, which originated in Ethiopia, is an important kind of commercial coffee and accounts for 70% of the world's coffee bean production. The world-famous Kona in Hawaii, the Blue Mountains in Jamaica and Mocha in Yemen are almost all Arabica species. The total amount of coffee baked each year is as high as 7 million tons.

Arabica coffee has harsh planting conditions, weak disease resistance, high altitude requirements, slow growth, high quality, and fine processing of raw beans. Growing at colder high altitudes in the tropics (the ideal altitude is 500m ~ 2000 m, the higher the altitude, the better the quality), the high mountains with large temperature difference between day and night, and the soil with low humidity and good drainage, the result period is less than three years. Arabica raw beans have a dark, narrow appearance, known as the highest quality high-quality Arabica varieties, mainly used in specialty coffee or boutique coffee. It is characterized by a balanced rich flavor such as sweetness, sour taste and aroma.

Arabica coffee beans are mainly produced in South America (except parts of Argentina and Brazil), Central America, Africa (Kenya, Ethiopia, etc., mainly East African countries), Asia (parts of Yemen, India and Papua New Guinea)

The robusta bean robusta coffee tree, which originated in the Congo in Africa, accounts for about 20% to 30% of the world's output. Robstado is planted in the lowlands at 200m ~ 600m above sea level. He likes the warm climate and requires a temperature of 24-29 ℃. The requirement for rainfall is not high. This variety depends on insects or wind to pollinate, so it takes 11 months for coffee from pollination to fruit, which is longer than Arabica species.

Robusta means "tough, strong and healthy". It is highly adaptable to the outside world, has a strong resistance to disease, and can survive in any soil, even in the wild. The yield is also high, and it does not need much manual care in soil preparation, weeding and pruning, and it can be allowed to grow in the wild. It is a kind of coffee tree that is easy to cultivate.

Can also be planted in high-temperature areas, fast growth and easy cultivation, with the advantage of low price, mainly used to mix beans or make instant coffee as the main raw material. Some Robusta produced in India, Africa, Brazil and other places have a strong sour taste, high caffeine content, rich taste, but slightly less flavor. Italians attach particular importance to its high quality coffee fat and rich caffeine, resulting in the excellent effect of every coffee product.

Robusta is mainly produced in India, Java, Sumatra and Vietnam in the Indonesian archipelago. Vietnam contributes nearly half of the world's total output of Robusta coffee, making it the second largest coffee producer in the world after Brazil.