Do you know the characteristics of growing coffee in Arabica? what conditions do you need to grow Arabica?

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The word "coffee" comes from the Greek word "Kaweh", which means "strength and enthusiasm". Coffee trees belong to the evergreen shrub of Rubiaceae. There are about 40 species of coffee plants, but there are only Arabica, Roberta and Liberian coffee beans that can be used for human drinking or food industry. Liberian species are rarely circulated in the market because of their poor flavor and resistance to leaf rust. We mainly introduce Arabica coffee and Robusta coffee to beginners.

I. Arabica species

The origin of Arabica species is in Ethiopia, which is known as the cradle of humans and coffee, and the mythical Garden of Eden, where Adam and Eve ate forbidden fruit, is thought to be surrounded by several major coffee-producing areas in Ethiopia. At first, it was found that it had a good refreshing effect and was eaten as medicine. Later, the secret medicine used by Islamists to cure body and mind and evening prayers spread from Arabia to the world, and became a popular drink all over the world.

Arabica coffee beans account for about 70% of the world's production, and it has excellent aroma and flavor, making it the only coffee variety of native species that can be drunk directly. However, Arabica species have higher requirements for environment and planting, and their intolerance to drought, frost, diseases and insect pests, especially leaf rust (the plague of coffee) will lead to the failure of coffee plantations in a large area. Sri Lanka was once a world-famous coffee producing area, and at the end of the 19th century, due to the destruction of coffee farms across the country due to leaf rust, Sri Lanka switched to black tea.

The main producing areas of Arabica species are Central America, South America, Africa (mainly in Ethiopia, Kenya and other East African countries), Asia (mainly in Indonesia, Vietnam and other Southeast Asian countries) and Hawaii in the United States. Coffee trees grown in Arabica are suitable for colder tropical high-altitude areas. Especially like to grow on steep hillsides, especially the terrain with large temperature difference between day and night, suitable sunshine and shade, and prone to morning fog can grow high-quality Arabica beans.

Rich volcanic soil with enough moisture and moisture and rich in organic matter is an excellent environment for growing coffee. The main producing areas of coffee are mainly concentrated in tropical countries between Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Cancer, in which the quality of coffee in the north of the equator is better than that in the south of the equator.

Arabica coffee beans are grown on steep slopes, are not easy to be harvested mechanically, are mainly picked manually, and the transportation is inconvenient, so the price of Arabica beans is significantly higher than that of Robusta beans.

Arabica beans are small granule beans with flat and oval shape, strong smell, rich and delicate smell, pleasant sour taste, smooth texture and less bitter taste.

Arabica species originated from Ethiopia, spread all over the country, and after repeated mutation and hybridization, many coffee varieties have been derived, some of which have been improved in quality and flavor. some have been improved in environmental adaptability, disease and insect resistance and yield, and now dozens of varieties have been developed. The main varieties are: bourbon, Itsuka, Kaddura, Kaduai, Pacamara, Kadimo, Malaggippe, Mondonovo, Kent, Amareo, mutant Colombia and so on.

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