General knowledge of roasting of fine coffee beans by hand

When it comes to companionship, the layman always thinks it is difficult. But as long as you can really grasp a few key points, it will be very difficult not to return. At the beginning, you may not be able to stir-fry well, but after you are proficient, you can skillfully add or subtract Chengdu according to your own preferences.

Here we will introduce you to the "manual baking" method of using hand strainer:

1. Buy a filter with a handle. The best choice of raw coffee beans is Central and South America series (Peru. Cuba. Mexico. Brazil and other real estate), the book is more suitable for beginners. Pick out the weak beans by hand to ensure the quality of the city.

two。 Put 100 grams of raw beans into a strainer with a handle and close the lid. Pan-fry and stir-fry over medium heat to keep the heat stable, hold the filter screen at the top of the fire about 20ml / ml 30cm, repeatedly and evenly swing around to make the moisture evaporate.

3. Coffee beans are all baked by the fire, let the fire roast evenly to every corner of the filter, prevent the beans from burning, concentrate on swinging the filter. After the water evaporates, there will be changes in smoke, color, taste, sound and so on. After baking for 6 minutes, the beans will turn to a light brown color.

4. Eight minutes later, when the 'first burst' began, the coffee beans doubled in size and crackled. After the sound disappears, the taste of 9 (depending on the type of coffee) coffee beans is released after baking in the container for 10 or 15 minutes, and most of these flavors are balanced, and then "the second explosion begins." this marks the end of the coffee bean baking process. Because the condition and type of coffee beans are different, whether it can end or not can be judged by the color and sound.

5. After opening the lid and pouring the coffee beans into a plate or sieve, the whole air is filled with the smell of coffee beans, and then cool them quickly with the cold air of a fan or hair dryer. The weight of roasted coffee beans will be reduced to about 85 grams.

6. Taste the taste and evaluate whether the degree of frying is appropriate. At this time, it is the most nervous and happy time. I feel that I can roast the coffee with a strong sweet taste.

After baking, once again confirm the unbaked beans and the unbaked beans, remove them if any, and store the fried beans in a bottle or jar for 1-2 days.

Baked coffee beans can be stored at room temperature if they are to be used in a week. The best way to keep them is to keep them sealed in the refrigerator. Just take out the necessary amount and grind them each time you use them. It takes about two weeks to maintain the inherent flavor of coffee beans.

You need to pay attention to some key points in the baking process.

First, the firepower should not be too strong, or the beans are not baked evenly, there are strong and light, the taste is very bad.

Second, do not bake quickly with a strong fire, because the baking is excessive, and the bean heart burns with bitterness, so be patient.

Third, during baking, there will be thick smoke and fragrance, and the skin of coffee beans will bloom at the beginning. So you should cover the gas stove with aluminum foil in advance, and you can also bring the gas stove to the outdoors to enjoy the fun of baking coffee beans.

Fourth, the biggest enemy of coffee beans in baking is oxygen and light (even in dim light); because once coffee beans are baked, the aroma produced on the surface of coffee beans will soon disappear, and the oil precipitated from the surface of coffee beans will be oxidized. And then produce the smell of coal and rot.

Fifth, the baking appliances themselves can also produce great destructiveness. If the coffee beans are not baked to the necessary temperature or long enough, the oil will not ooze, and if the temperature is too high or too long, the taste will fade and have a scorched smell. Burnt coffee is always unpleasant.

If roasting coffee beans is very good, it will also become an art. In the process of roasting, coffee beans will produce a variety of flavors and fragrances. Without this process, the coffee in the cup will be obviously insufficient.

Chemical reaction of Coffee in roasting

Coffee has a rich, wide range of flavors. Coffee produced in different regions, different elevations, different climates and different producing areas has its own unique characteristics. Raw beans are fragrant and have no usual coffee taste at all; the taste of coffee comes from proper roasting. Show fruity (light roasting) or caramel sweetness (deep roasting). The shallower the baked, the more sour the taste, and the deeper the baked, the more bitter the taste.

Raw beans in high temperature environment, through thermal decomposition, coffee raw bean components such as chlorogenic acid, protein and fat undergo a series of chemical changes (mainly Mena reaction) to produce coffee aroma substances. including aldehydes, lipids, ketones, acids and so on.

The relationship between the changes of material properties and temperature in the process of thermophysical and chemical decomposition of coffee beans before and after baking:

When the bean temperature > 100℃, the color of raw beans changes from green to yellow, and when the moisture is on, it is lost for dehydration, resulting in a smell similar to that of baked bread.

Bean temperature > 120,130 ℃, raw bean color changes to light brown.

The bean temperature is about 150℃ to produce the smell of stir-fried barley.

The bean temperature is about 180 ℃ and begins to produce green smoke. The first explosion begins to produce chemical pyrolysis reaction, which releases a large amount of CO2. The burst sound occurs, the color turns brown, and the size of the bean increases.

The bean temperature is about 210 ℃, the first explosion is over, and the color continues to darken.

The second explosion of the bean temperature was about 220℃ ~ 230℃. The color continued to become dark and dark brown, and oil appeared on the surface of the coffee bean.

The bean temperature is about 240℃ ~ 270℃. Although the temperature increases, the darker the bean color, the more gas is released, the volume continues to expand, the coffee bean surface oils out, and the coffee aroma changes fully.

The bean temperature is about 270℃ to stop releasing smoke, the color is black, the appearance becomes dark, and the volume is no longer larger.

The bean temperature is about 300 ℃. The beans are black, puffy and fragile, and the aroma disappears completely and becomes carbonized.

The general actual baking temperature range is 185-240 ℃. In addition to the influence of temperature on the flavor of coffee, the way and equipment of roasting also have an effect.