Coffee Culture Influence: Chinese Tea and Western Coffee Culture

(3) the unity of heaven, earth and man of tea culture and the dichotomy of heaven and man of coffee culture.

Tea culture is a Taoist theory of the unity of heaven, earth and man. Taoism believes that heaven, earth and man are equal and should adapt to nature and take the initiative to understand the law, so that people can get the greatest satisfaction. Tea is produced in the forest of the mountains, receives the essence of heaven and earth, and bears the rain and dew of abundant soil, which contains the Taoist charm of "indifference", "serenity" and "returning to nature", that is, "man and earth, earth and heaven, heaven and nature". Although the traditional Chinese literati and scholar-officials received Confucian education, when they suffered political setbacks, the indifferent fame and wealth of Taoism and the idea of returning to nature would affect them. therefore, a mode they generally follow is to "care about the people when they have status and pay attention to themselves when they are unknown". The literati use tea poetry to pursue the ideal realm of integrating their hearts into the landscape. Su Dongpo's "Jijiang fried tea": "Live water still needs to be fried over a live fire, and a deep clear is taken from the fishing stone." The big ladle stores the moon into the spring urn, and the small spoon divides the river into the night bottle. The snow milk has been fried, and the loose wind suddenly makes a sound of diarrhea. At the end of the withered intestines, it is easy to ban three bowls, sit and listen to the length of the desolate city. " Through the drink of tea, we can understand the tea ceremony, the way of heaven and humanity.

Western culture advocates the separation of man and nature, and the two are opposing relations. If people want to survive, they must obtain material life materials from nature. Westerners advocate individualism, which is embodied in its tradition of humanitarianism in thought and in free competition in action, prominently in the affirmation of individual personality, value, dignity and other aspects. respect and advocacy for individual independence. Western philosophy pursues the understanding of nature and the grasp of the law of the development of all things. In order to conquer nature, we use empirical and rigorous speculative means to clearly distinguish between man and nature, subject and object, and things, in order to achieve the understanding of the Noumenon of nature. Although Arabia, which was the first to eat coffee in history, had the most prosperous port city in the world at that time, it banned the export of any coffee seeds. In 1616, the Dutch finally smuggled the surviving coffee trees and seeds to Holland. after understanding the objective process of coffee growth, they began to build a man-made greenhouse suitable for coffee growth in a tropical or subtropical climate.

(4) Zen Buddhism of tea culture and Christian spirit of coffee culture.

The content of Zen practice in Buddhism can be divided into three types: precepts, Ding and Wisdom. The so-called Ding and Wisdom means that monks are required to practice meditation, meditation and no distractions, so as to understand the road. Because sitting for a long time is easy to cause fatigue, many monks worry about dozing, and tea has the pharmacological functions of refreshing, invigorating and relieving thirst, so the earliest opportunity for the bond between tea and Buddhism may be the sleep-relieving function of tea. Subsequently, Buddhist monks had a better understanding of tea, and they found that the taste of tea was bitter and slightly sweet, and the tea was light and clean, which was suitable for the quiet and indifferent attitude towards life advocated by Buddhism. In addition, drinking tea was helpful to meditation and enlightenment, so Buddhism's understanding of tea rose from the material level to the spiritual level. Many famous ancient teas in Chinese history were first planted, picked and processed in monasteries. For example, Mengding Tea, the most famous tea in the Tang Dynasty, was produced in Ya'an, Sichuan Province. it is said that it was personally planted by Master Puhui of Ganlu Temple in the Han Dynasty. it is the earliest artificially cultivated tea tree in China, and it is listed as one of tribute tea because of its excellent quality. Buddhist monasteries not only plant tea trees, but also become an important part of the daily activities of Buddhist temples. In many famous temples, there are teahouses or teahouses, as well as "tea drum" and "tea head". The tea in the temple is called "temple tea". Tea also plays a role in the relationship between the monks and the monks in the Buddhist monastery, making the emotional ties between the monks and the monks closer. In addition, on the Buddha's Christmas day, people bathe the Buddha's body with tea soup called "Buddha washing tea" for pilgrims to drink and pray for disaster relief.

According to the story spread around the Christian world, in the Kaffa region of Ethiopia in North Africa, a shepherd named Kaldi went out to shepherd as usual and suddenly found the sheep bouncing and very active. He looked carefully and found them eating the red fruit on the ground. He estimated that it was the red fruits that made the sheep so excited. So he took the red fruit to a priest in a nearby monastery for advice. after hearing the shepherd's words, the priest became curious, so he sent several red fruits to his mouth, and after a while, the priest became lively. From then on, all priests ate a few red fruits before mass, and later named them plus fruit, which is the coffee fruit handed down to this day. It can be seen that coffee is also used as a pick-me-up among Western Christians.

As we all know, Western civilization originated from the ancient Middle East, Greece and Rome, and religious and secular consciousness constitute the basic framework of Western civilization. Westerners believe that God values the soul of the individual, and there is a confrontational relationship between human body and soul, any person, man and nature. Under the domination of this concept of values, Westerners have a strong sense of personal struggle and competition. Dante believes that there is no family without an individual, and the glory and nobility of a family lies first and foremost in having a glorious and noble individual. The affirmation of human value and dignity is first of all the awakening of each human's self-consciousness and the determination and development of the boundaries of self-nature in accordance with free will. To westerners, life is like making coffee. If something you have done loses its original freshness, then redevelop and take risks, just like after a brew of coffee, it loses its original flavor and becomes tasteless, then discard it and start making it again.