Common sense of Coffee planting requirements and conditions of Coffee trees

The coffee tree is native to Ethiopia in Africa. Coffee tree in botany, belongs to the Rubiaceae coffee subgenus evergreen tree, and generally known as coffee beans, in fact, coffee tree fruit seeds, only because of the shape like beans, so called coffee beans. Climate is the decisive factor for coffee cultivation. Coffee trees are only suitable for growing in tropical or subtropical regions, so the zone between north and south latitudes is generally called coffee belt or coffee area. However, not all the land in this area can produce good coffee trees.

The ideal planting conditions for coffee trees are: temperature between 15~25℃ temperature climate, and the annual rainfall must reach 1500~2000 mm, at the same time its rainfall time, to match the flowering cycle of coffee trees. Of course, in addition to seasonal rainfall, there must be fertile soil and good drainage. Fertile soil containing pozzolanic ash. In addition, although sunlight is an indispensable element for coffee growth and fruit, too strong sunlight will inhibit the growth of coffee trees, so various producing areas usually cooperate with planting some shade trees. The ideal altitude is between 500 and 2000 meters.

It can be seen that the conditions for cultivating high-quality coffee are quite strict: sunlight, rainfall, soil, temperature, and the way coffee beans are harvested and produced will affect the quality of the coffee itself.

Coffee trees bloom for the first time about three years old, white flowers 5-petalled tubular flowers, wafting a faint jasmine fragrance, inflorescences dense and arranged in clusters. Flowers wither two or three days after flowering and begin to bear fruit a few months later. The fruit is a stone fruit, about 1.5 cm in diameter, initially green, then gradually yellow, mature into red, and cherry is very similar, so called Coffee Cherry (Coffee Cherry), at this time can be harvested.

Coffee fruit contains two seeds, namely coffee beans. The two beans stand upright facing each other on one side of their plane. Each coffee bean has a thin outer membrane, called the silver skin, which is covered with a yellow outer skin, called the endocarp. The whole bean is encapsulated in a viscous pulp, forming a soft, sweet pulp with an outer shell.