A variety of coffee, Arabica, Karobsta, Lubebeca

Coffee beans can be divided into three types:

Arabica-Coffee contains about one percent caffeine by weight, and generally, the better quality, more expensive coffee beans come from Arabica beans. The coffee tree itself is very sensitive to heat and humidity, and the growth conditions are at least 900 meters above sea level. The higher the height, the better the quality of the roasted coffee beans. Caffeine content of this variety is low (1.1~ 1.7%). Coffee beans are green to pale green in color, oval in shape, and curved in grooves.

Robusta-Coffee contains about 2 percent caffeine by weight. It accounts for 20 - 30% of world production. It has strong resistance to tropical climate and is easy to cultivate. It grows especially well at sea level of 200 - 300 meters. However, its unique resistance also makes its concentration higher and its taste more bitter. Caffeine content is high ( 2~4%). Coffee beans are round in shape, brown in color and straight in grooves.

Liberica-only consumed by Europeans except in a few producing countries, with poor aroma, strong bitterness, and a sharp diamond shape at the top of the coffee bean

Types of coffee

varieties

Arabica

Robusta (lowland cultivation)

Liberica (lowest cultivated)

yields

About 70%~80% of the world's total production

About 20%~30% of the world's total production

Only Europeans drink it, except for a few producing countries that consume it themselves.

cultivation site

500m~1000m inclined ground

inclined ground below 500m high

Lowland or flat below 200m

Gas temperature conditions

Not adapted to high temperature and low temperature

high temperature resistant

High temperature and low temperature resistance

Rainfall conditions

Not adapted to more rain, less rain

Rain tolerance, less rain

Rain tolerance, less rain

tree height

5 m~7m

5m

10m

bean-shaped

elliptic flat

short oval

The tip is pointed and rhombic

petal

5-merous

6-merous

8 petals

fruit

The exocarp is harder, the endocarp is more fruity, and it is easier to peel off after maturity.

The pericarp is thin between exocarp and endocarp, and more than ten stripes like meridians can be seen on the surface of pericarp. It is not easy to peel off after maturity. The pericarp is thin, so it is easy to separate from seeds.

The fruit is twice as large as Arabica. The pericarp, endocarp and integument are very thick, especially the seeds adhere tightly to the seeds. The operation of removing the integument takes more time and is not easy to peel off after maturity.

leaf blade

The leaves are about 15cm long and elliptical, with sharp tips and dark green glossy surfaces.

The leaf length is about 10cm~20cm, which is slightly softer than Arabica, and the mesophyll is thinner than Liberica. The surface of the leaf surface is bulged, and the whole leaf surface can be seen undulating like waves.

taste channel

Good smell.

Lack of aroma, bitter taste, lack of sourness

Poor aroma, bitter taste

characteristics of

Shading trees should be planted in low latitude areas with poor disease tolerance and temperature of 15~20 ℃.

Adaptability is strong, the harvest is the most among the three original species.

It has strong disease tolerance and adaptability, and is often used as a rootstock for Arabica.

planting density

The maximum is about 1.5 times that of Robusta and about 2 times that of Liberica.

moderate

lowest

Main producing countries

Brazil, Colombia, other Central and South American countries, Ethiopia, Angola, Mozambique, Tanzania, Yemen, Kenya, Hawaii, Philippines, India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea... Wait.

Tropical African countries, Hawaii, India, Indonesia, Trinidad, Tobago, Philippines... Wait.

Libya, Suriname, Guyana, India, Indonesia, Angola, Cote d'Ivoire, Philippines.