Varieties of coffee beans

According to the varieties of coffee beans (Coffee Bean), there are three kinds of coffee beans.

Arabica coffee contains about 1% per cent of caffeine by weight. Generally speaking, better quality and more expensive coffee beans come from coffee beans grown by Elaraby. Account for 3/4 of the world's output, good quality, because the coffee tree itself is very sensitive to heat and humidity, the growth conditions are at least 900m higher than the sea level of the highland climate, the higher the height, the better the quality of coffee beans baked. The caffeine content of this variety is low (1.1 ~ 1.7%). The color of coffee beans is green to light green, oval in shape and curved in grooves.

Robusta robusta coffee beans contain about 2% of caffeine by weight. It accounts for about 20% or 30% of the world's output. It has strong resistance to tropical climate and is easy to cultivate. It grows very well at a sea level of 200 ─ 300m. However, its unique resistance also makes its concentration higher and its taste more bitter. Its caffeine content is high (20.4%). Coffee beans are round in shape, brown in color and with straight grooves.

Liberica Libyan card coffee beans are consumed only by Europeans except a few producing countries, with poor aroma and bitter taste, and the top of the coffee beans is diamond-shaped.

Varieties of coffee, types of coffee beans.

Variety

Arabica (plateau cultivation)

Robusta (lowland cultivation)

Liberica (minimum cultivation)

Production capacity

Accounts for about 70% to 80% of the world's total output.

Accounts for about 20% to 30% of the world's total output

Only Europeans drink except a few producing countries for their own consumption.

Planting ground point

Inclined ground with a height of 500m ~ 1000m

Tilted below 500m high

Lowland or flat land below 200m

Air temperature strip

Do not adapt to high and low temperatures

High temperature resistance

Resistant to high temperature and low temperature

Rain gauge strip

Do not adapt to more rain and less rain

Withstand more rain and less rain

Withstand more rain and less rain

Tree height

5m / h 7m

5m

10m

Raw bean shape

Elliptic flat shape

A short oval that is round.

The top is sharp and diamond-shaped.

Petal

5 lobes

6 valves

8 lobes

Fruit

The exocarp is hard, the endocarp is quite strong, and it is easy to peel off after maturity.

The pericarp is very thin between the exocarp and endocarp, and more than ten longitude stripes can be seen on the surface of the pericarp, which is not easy to peel off after ripening, and the pericarp is thinner, so it is easier to separate from the seeds.

The pericarp, endocarp and seed coat of the fruit are twice as large as those of Arabica, especially the seeds stick to the seeds tightly, so it takes more time to remove the seed coat and is not easy to peel off after ripening.

Leaf blade

The leaf length is about 15cm. The leaf is oval, the leaf tip is sharp, and the leaf surface is dark green and glossy.

The leaf length of 10cm~20cm is slightly softer than that of Arabica, the mesophyll is thinner than Liberica, the leaf surface is bulging, and the whole leaf surface can be seen undulating like waves.

Taste channel

The smell is good.

There is a lack of aroma, bitter taste, lack of sour taste

The aroma is not good and the bitter taste is strong.

Special features

Shade trees should be planted at low latitudes with poor disease tolerance and low temperature of 15: 20.

The adaptability is strong, and the harvest is the highest among the three original species.

Because of its strong disease tolerance and adaptability, it is often used as the rootstock of Arabica.

Planting density

The highest is about 1.5 times of Robusta and 2 times of Liberica.

Moderate

Lowest

The master wants to produce a country.

Brazil, Colombia, other Central and South American countries, Ethiopia, Angola, Mozambique, Tanzania, Yemen, Kenya, Hawaii, Philippines, India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea. Wait.

Tropical African countries, Hawaii, India, Indonesia, Trinidad, Tobago, Philippines … Wait.

Libya, Suriname, Gayana, India, Indonesia, Angola, C ô te d'Ivoire, Philippines.