Coffee Botany-A detailed introduction of coffee fruits

Taste all the delicious coffee, think about the problems of universal value, and forget the original appearance that is precious and needs to be cherished. Coffee beans are not born this way, they are the result of a lot of hard work.

1. Academic name: Coffee L.

2. Family name: Rubiaceae.

Third, alias: coffee shop (coffee)

IV. Country of origin: tropical and tropical regions (Africa)

5. Morphological features:

Sex: the height of the tree can be up to 10 meters, and the shape is in the shape of a horse.

They are opposite, deep on the surface, dark on the back, oval or oval, short on the handle, bright in the middle ribs, and sensitive to microwave waves.

Flowers: flower clusters in axils, white, Corolla 5-lobed, revolute and fragrant. Flower buds are complex buds, with 2 to 6 flower buds in each axil, which bloom many times because of different development. The florescence is concentrated in February to March, but it lasts about 3 to 5 days, and the fragrance is similar to that of jasmine.

Fruit: immature color, mature color, mature period of about 6-7 months, similar to peach shape, so it is also called coffee peach (coffee cherry). The results are as follows:

Exocarp (exocarp): the exocarp of the mackerel

Mesocarp: the sweet slime under the peel.

Endocarp (parchment): protective hard milky bean-shaped pea with its peel and peel, mainly separating the seed from the mucus.

Silverskin: the diaphragm tissue on the surface of the razor.

Bean: coffee beans, usually with a pair of beans, and occasionally with a pair of beans, such as fruit beans, Pea berry beans and single beans.

6. Varieties: there will be nearly 66 kinds of coffee plants, of which 5 kinds of coffee are used as follows:

Arabica coffee (arabica coffee): accounts for about 75% of the global output, the quality is good, the largest producer is Brazil. This kind of coffee can be divided into 8 kinds, the most common of which are Bourbon and Typica.

Juanbusta Coffee (robusta coffee): accounts for about 25% of the global output, easy to cultivate, the largest production country is Indonesia. The species of this kind of coffee is called coffee canephora pierre ex froehner.

Liberian Coffee (liberica coffee): it is not known as Swiss Coffee or Liberian Coffee, which is called coffee dewevrei de wild et durand var.excelsa chevalier, and its output is less than that of international trade.

Espresso Coffee (excelsa coffee): also known as high-grade coffee and espresso coffee, which is known as coffee dewevrei de wild et durand var.excelsa chevalier, and its output is less than that of international trade.

Arabica Coffee (arabusta coffee): a mixture of Arabica Coffee and Chambsta Coffee produced by the offspring of Arabica Coffee and Ake Assi, known as coffee arabica x coffee canephora capot et ake assi.