Medium coffee robusta coffee

Medium Coffee (Hainan Flora)

Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehn. In Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 1: 237. 1897 et in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 25: 269. 1898; A. Cheval. Op. Cit. 186; A. E. Haarer, op. Cit. 17; Flora of Hainan 3: 349, figure 765. 1974; Atlas of higher plants in China 4: 258, figure 5930. 1975; Tree Map of Yunnan, Volume 2: 1151. 1991.

Small trees or shrubs, 4-8 m tall; lateral branches long and pendulous, base smooth, epidermis gray-white, shoots glabrous, compressed. Leaves thickly papery, elliptic, ovate-oblong or lanceolate, 15-30 cm long, 6-12 cm wide, apex acute, acuminate part 10-18 mm long, base cuneate, sometimes slightly obtuse, entire or shallowly wavy, both surfaces glabrous, no pits or pores without tufts in lower vein axils; lateral veins 10-12 on each side, slightly spreading, veinlets reticulate, conspicuous; petiole strong, 10-20 mm long. Stipules triangular, 7 mm long, basally connate at first, apex acute, broadly triangular on old branches. Cymes 1-3, clustered in leaf axils, each Cymes with 3-6 flowers, with very short total pedicels; bracts slightly connate at base, dimorphic, of which 2 are broadly triangular, nearly equal in length and width, and the other 2 are lanceolate or oblong, about 3 times as long as wide and enlarged after anthesis; calyx tube short tubular, calyx eave top truncated or inconspicuously denticulate Corolla white, rarely light red, 20-26 mm long, Corolla tube shorter in bud, extended when in full bloom, apically 5-7-lobed, rarely 4-or 8-lobed; filaments short, anthers protruding from Corolla tube, 8-10 mm long; style prominent, 12-17 mm long, stigma 2-lobed, ca. 6 mm. Berries subglobose, nearly equal in length and diameter, ca. 10-12 mm, apical crown with raised disk, exocarp thin, with 2 longitudinal grooves and very slender longitudinal stripes; seeds raised abaxially, ventral flat, 9-11 mm long and 7-9 mm wide. The florescence is from April to June.

Introduction has been made in Guangdong, Hainan, Yunnan and other places. Originally from Africa.

The scientific name of this species used to be C. robusta Linder, 1900. A. chevalier believes that the latter is a subvariety of this species, Subvar. Robusta (Linder) A. Chevalier; and A. E. Haarer are considered to be synonyms of this species.

It is reported that this species is often self-flowering sterile, so whether in the natural state or under cultivation conditions, this species has great variability and unstable characters. therefore, it has been divided into 7 varieties and 9 or 11 varieties. in fact, all of these are cultivated varieties.

This species is native to the equatorial forest of Africa, which is shaded, can not bear strong sunlight, and has stronger cold tolerance than large-grained coffee, but the root system is shallow and not resistant to drought, the branches are fragile, it is not resistant to strong wind, but it is resistant to diseases and insect pests, the fruiting period is early, and the seeds contain slightly higher "caffeine". The fragrance is poor.