Introduction of Sumatran Coffee Flavor in Sumatran Coffee producing area

Sumatra runs northwest-southeast, intersects the equator in the middle, and consists of two areas: the Barisan Mountains Mountains in the west and the marshes in the east.

The western part of the mountain runs through the steep Barisan Mountains, stretching from northwest to southeast, stretching 1600 kilometers, with more than 90 volcanoes, of which the highest peak, Mount Kerinci, is 3800 meters above sea level. To the east of the mountains are alluvial plains, wide in the south and narrow in the north, with a widest point of more than 100 kilometers. There are many rivers, such as the Moussi River, the Batamhari River, the Indra Jiri River, the Gamba River and so on. Among them, the Hari River is the longest with a navigable capacity of 480km. Lake Toba covers an area of 1140.

Topographic map of Sumatra

Topographic map of Sumatra

Jing² is the largest of the many mountains and lakes.

The Barissan Mountains are the continuous Cenozoic mountains of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, running through the island of Sumatra. Coal and gold deposits have been discovered in this area. The minerals from the volcano enrich the soil. The mountains are beautiful and charming, such as the area around Lake Lake Toba.

In the east, powerful rivers carry silt downstream, forming vast flatlands dotted with swamps and lakes. Although there is little arable land in the region, which is disadvantageous to agriculture, its importance to Indonesia's economic development should not be underestimated, because "oil is produced above ground and underground": Palm oil and oil.

Sumatra Island is located at the southeastern edge of the Eurasian plate, and the area south of the island is located at the edge of the Indian Ocean plate and is part of the Eurasian seismic belt. On December 26, 2004, the 10-meter-high tsunami triggered by the Indian Ocean earthquake swept through the coastal areas of western Sumatra, causing serious damage. More than 80,000 people were killed in Indonesia, mainly in Aceh and North Sumatra provinces.

Coast

Although Sumatra has a long coastline, it lacks a good natural port. The reason is that it is often attacked by the "Indian Ocean surf". A high-rolled surf is pushed ashore in a long row or two or three rows, which is so powerful that it can lift a fishing boat to the top of the wave and then overturn and fall. Due to the existence of the phenomenon of "surging waves in the Indian Ocean", there are almost no natural ports in the two main islands of Sumatra and Java.

The tsunami triggered by the Sumatra earthquake

The tsunami triggered by the Sumatra earthquake

Climate

Sumatra has an equatorial crossing and belongs to a tropical rain forest climate (high temperature and rainy throughout the year, with obvious dry and wet seasons [1]). Due to the high temperature and rainy all the year round, there is little temperature difference in different places, but there are obvious differences in rainfall. The annual precipitation on the west coast is 3000 mm.

Geographical location of Sumatra

Geographical location of Sumatra

The annual precipitation from the eastern slope of the mountains to the coastal plain is 2000-3000 mm, and the annual precipitation at the north and south ends of the island is 1500-1700 mm.

Population

Sumatra has a population of about 37 million and is not densely populated (85 persons / villages ²). Densely populated areas include North Sumatra and the Central Highlands of West Sumatra, with the largest urban areas concentrated in Jugang and Medan.

Local residents speak 52 different languages, all of which belong to the South Island language family and are culturally similar. Malay is the most common language in the east, but other languages are spoken by different ethnic groups in other regions: Lampung and Minangkabau in the south and middle, Batak in the mountains in the north, and Aceh in the northernmost coastal areas. In urban areas, there are also overseas Chinese who use the Chinese Hokkienese.

Most people in Sumatra believe in Islam, but the Batak believe in Christianity (the religion spread by the Dutch). In addition, there are Hindus, Buddhists, Catholics and so on.

Biological resources

Sumatra occupies 1 of Indonesia's national territory. This is a veritable treasure trove of creatures. There are 176 species of mammals alone on the island. In addition, there are many reptiles and amphibians. The animals on the island include orangutans, various apes, elephants, tapirs, tigers, two-horned Sumatran rhinos, gibbons, tree shrews, flying lemurs, wild boars and cats. Three national parks on the island (Leuser, Kerinci Seblat and Bukit Barisan Selatan) were designated as World Heritage sites by UNESCO in 2004. With the increase in human activity in the local rainforest, biological resources are under increasing threat, with fewer than 5000 orangutans, while in 2001, there were only 132 Sumatran rhinos, according to the Indonesian Wildlife Conservation Foundation. The eco-environmental problems of Sumatra have aroused widespread concern. It is hoped that Sumatra, a natural treasure trove of creatures, will maintain its original appearance.